选区激光熔化Inconel 718合金的熔池形态与组织

通过不同扫描速度和扫描方式的选区激光熔化(SLM)技术制备了Inconel 718合金,研究了工艺参数对熔池的形态、凝固组织、晶粒大小和晶粒取向的影响。结果表明,随着扫描速度增加,熔池的深度与宽度的比值增大,曲率增大;而扫描速度为1 450mm/s时,采用单向扫描比十字交叉扫描时深宽比值更大。在熔池内,凝固组织由熔池底部的胞晶向熔池侧面的胞枝晶转变。晶粒以<001>方向择优生长,其晶粒间的取向差角以小角度(<15°)为主。当十字交叉扫描时,随着扫描速度增加,小角度取向差角的分布分数增加。当速度一定、采用十字交叉扫描时,小角度的取向差角占比为62.57%,而采用单向扫描时为47.69%。     

深冷处理对YG8硬质合金/42CrMo钢钎焊接头残余应力的影响

通过ANSYS仿真软件建立了YG8硬质合金/42CrMo钢钎焊接头的焊接工艺模型和深冷处理工艺模型,分析了接头表面残余应力分布,并与经深冷+回火处理后的焊接接头表面残余应力进行对比。结果表明,深冷处理可使焊接接头42CrMo钢侧形成残余压应力,且深冷温度对残余压应力的影响较深冷次数更明显。最优深冷工艺为-160 ℃深冷3次,且仿真结果与试验测量值相差不大,表明所建立的模型具有一定的可靠性。     

脉冲处理对Al-6Zn-3Mg-2Cu合金铸轧板组织及性能的影响

研究了常规铸轧过程中施加20、50和150Hz频率,电流强度为400A的脉冲电流对Al-6Zn-3Mg-2Cu合金铸轧板的组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,经20Hz的脉冲电流处理后,Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金铸轧板偏析情况大为改善,微观组织显著细化;150Hz脉冲电流对铸轧板的组织影响不大;铝合金中τ相广泛分布,呈网状或岛状;同时,经20Hz脉冲电流处理的铸轧板抗拉强度可达320MPa,是常规铸轧板强度的1.3倍;样品具有脆性断裂特征,脉冲处理后韧性有所提高。     

海面SAR时域回波信号可视化仿真计算

利用计算机来模拟合成孔径雷达回波信号是雷达系统仿真中重要的一部分。借助雷达目标的高频电磁散射特性,运用图形电磁计算方法,开发了可快速、有效地获取合成孔径雷达回波信号的方法,可为合成孔径雷达成像提供原始的雷达回波数据。以起浪海面为目标实例,利用海浪频谱构建海面的几何模型,针对此海面模型,运用高频散射机理,实时可视化地计算其电磁波回波场强以及模拟出时域回波信号。利用条带式合成孔径雷达成像方法,通过该回波信号仿真出海浪面的合成孔径图像,验证了该方法有效性。     

基于单片机的海洋温深测量装置设计

海洋温深测量装置在海洋环境探测、海洋资源开发中有着重要意义。设计了一种海洋温深测量装置,该装置以ATMega128L单片机作为控制核心,利用温度传感器和压力传感器获取海洋的温深信息,并将所测数据实时存储在SD卡中,在装置回收后可由计算机读取所采集的数据,以便于对数据进行处理和应用。经测试,该测量装置可独立、准确、连续的测量、存储海洋温深信息,同时辅以时间信息,并凭借良好的接口设计,实现了与其他海洋测量装置集成的目的,达到了设计要求。     

Design and screening of ionic liquids for C2H2/C2H4 separation by COSMO‐RS and experiments

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been proposed as promising solvents for separating C₂H₂ and C₂H₄, but screening an industrially attractive IL with high capacity from numerous available ILs remains challenging. In this work, a rapid screening method based on COSMO‐RS was developed. We also present an efficient strategy to improve the C₂H₂ capacity in ILs together with adequate C₂H₂/C₂H₄ selectivity with the aid of COSMO‐RS. The essence of this strategy is to increase molecular free volume of ILs and simultaneously enhance hydrogen‐bond basicity of anions by introducing flexible and highly asymmetric structures, which is validated by a new class of tetraalkylphosphonium ILs featuring long‐chain carboxylate anions. At 298.1 K and 1 bar, the solubility of C₂H₂ in ILs reaches 0.476 mol/mol IL, very high for a physical absorption, with a selectivity of up to 21.4. The separation performance of tetraalkylphosphonium ILs to the mixture of C₂H₂/C₂H₄ was also evaluated. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 2016–2027, 2015     

三相同步电动机定子接地故障分析

通过直接相量法建立了三相同步电动机定子绕组接地故障的数学模型。以一台三相同步电动机为例,运用Ansoft语言的RMxprt/Maxwell 2D模块建立了仿真模型,仿真了三相同步电动机的突然单相接地、两相接地、三相接地故障情况,分别给出了三种故障的定子电流与转矩曲线,并对结果进行了分析。     

Rapid Preparation of SiC Fibers Using a Curing Route of Electron Irradiation in a Low Oxygen Concentration Atmosphere

Polycarbosilane (PCS) fiber was irradiated by electron beam at low dose in a flowing N₂/O₂ mixture with O₂ concentration of 1%. After the pyrolysis of the irradiated precursor fibers, SiC fibers with high strength of 2.4 GPa were obtained. Microstructural evolutions of the resultant fibers were explored. It was found that during the irradiation, free radicals were formed in the PCS and were oxidized by oxygen as Si–OH groups. The Si–OH groups then transformed into Si–O–Si linkage and resulted in further cross‐linking of the PCS during pyrolysis. A remarkable structure gradient along the fiber diameter was formed under the coupled effects of irradiation and oxidation. The content of oxygen decreased from the fiber surface to the core, whereas the crystallinity of β‐SiC increased in the same direction. The electrical resistivity of the as‐prepared ceramic fiber was 80.7 Ω cm, showing good potential for being as electromagnetic wave absorber.     

Microwave Dielectric Properties of a Low‐Firing Ba2BiV3O11 Ceramic

A low‐firing microwave dielectric ceramic Ba₂BiV₃O₁₁ was prepared via solid‐state reaction method. Ba₂BiV₃O₁₁ ceramic could be well sintered at 840°C–880°C, with a ε_r ~14.2, a high Q × f value ~68 700 GHz (at 8.7 GHz), and a negative temperature coefficient of ?81 ppm/°C. τ_f of Ba₂BiV₃O₁₁ was tuned to be near zero by formation of a composite with TiO₂. 0.7Ba₂BiV₃O₁₁–0.3TiO₂ ceramic sintered at 910°C showed improved properties with ε_r = 15.7, Q × f = 53 200 GHz, and τ_f  = ?2 ppm/°C.     

Morphology and mechanical properties of dual‐curable epoxyacrylate hybrid composites

A dual‐curable epoxyacrylate (EA) oligomer with one epoxide group and one vinyl group at each end was synthesized for the application as adhesive sealant in the liquid crystal display panels. However, after UV and thermal cure, the EA resin was brittle with a poor resistance to crack initiation and propagation. Liquid rubbers with different functional end groups were thus tried as toughening agents for the EA resin. Among all the rubber‐toughened EAs, the EA‐V5A5 added with vinyl‐terminated and amino‐terminated butadiene‐acrylonitrile copolymers (VTBN and ATBN) each at 5 phr had the highest fracture toughness, tensile strength, and elongation at break but a lower initial modulus. To raise the modulus, submicron‐sized silica particles (∼170 nm) with surface vinyl functional groups were further added to the EA‐V5A5 to prepare the hybrid composites. Because of interfacial chemical bonding provided by the surface vinyl functional groups, both modulus and fracture toughness were increased by adding silica particles, without any appreciable decrease in extensibility. For the hybrid composite at 20 phr silica particles, the initial modulus, fracture toughness, and fracture energy were raised by 10.3, 100, and 267%, respectively, when compared to the neat epoxyacrylate. Owing to their strong interfacial bonding, the increase of fracture toughness was mainly due to the crack deflection and bifurcation on silica particles, in addition to the rubber particle bridging and tearing as evidenced by SEM pictures on the fracture surface. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41820.