基于Gabor小波变换的ICA火灾图像纹理识别算法

针对火灾图像纹理识别问题,提出了基于Gabor小波变换的ICA火灾图像纹理识别算法,并根据火灾图像纹理识别特点进行了优化;首先用不同尺度和方向的Gabor滤波器对待识别图像滤波,得到其特征图像,然后将特征图像转化成特征向量作为ICA的输入,得到基矢量子空间,再将测试图像经过Gabor滤波器的特征向量投影到ICA子空间中得到系数向量作为目标识别特征,最后用支持向量机进行识别;通过与Gabor滤波器法和ICA方法的对比实验,表明该算法可以在火灾纹理图像的识别率上比传统方法提高5％以上,为火灾图像识别提供了一种新思路.     

Studies on a New Concept of 3D Data Integration about Reaches and Forces of a Disabled Person on a Wheelchair (CAD Methods in Car and Market Ergonomics)

The article presents a new concept of combining the three dimensions (3D) of a person's manipulation space. The data concern information about the reach of the arms and biomechanical data about limiting the load of a disabled person sitting in a wheelchair. Measurement data were acquired empirically, on original measuring station. The data included, respectively, arms' reach (static and dynamic) or, alternatively, measurements of limiting forces. The obtained data were processed into virtual 3D surfaces of arms' reach and forces. These surfaces provide the required graphic model of anthropotechnical and biomechanical data. Developed model was utilized to perform a virtual analysis of the accessibility of a disabled person to technical means: in a market sale space and in the ergonomic analysis into the space of a personal car. The presented method of 3D graphic modeling of anthropometrical and biomechanical data can be universally applied in ergonomic designing of work stations not only for disabled persons. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Code reordering using local random extraction and insertion (LREI) operator for GPGPU-based track-before-detect systems

Track-before-detect (TBD) algorithms are used for tracking systems, where the object’s signal is below the noise floor (low-SNR objects). A lot of computations and memory transfers for real-time signal processing are necessary. GPGPU in parallel processing devices for TBD algorithms is well suited. Finding optimal or suboptimal code, due to lack of documentation for low-level programming of GPGPUs is not possible. High-level code optimization is necessary and the evolutionary approach, based on the single parent and single child is considered, that is local search approach. Brute force search technique is not feasible, because there are N! code variants, where N is the number of motion vectors components. The proposed evolutionary operator—LREI (local random extraction and insertion) allows source code reordering for the reduction of computation time due to better organization of memory transfer and the texture cache content. The starting point, based on the sorting and the minimal execution time metric is proposed. The unbiased random and biased sorting techniques are compared using experimental approach. Tests shows significant improvements of the computation speed, about 8 % over the conventional code for CUDA code. The time period of optimization for the sample code is about 1 h (1,000 iterations) for the considered recursive spatio-temporal TBD algorithm.     

宁东能源化工基地水土保持生态环境动态监测分析

通过采用卫星遥感、地面定点和野外查等监测技术手段,对宁东基地开发建设前（2000年）和开发建设初期（2007年）两个时段土地利用、植被盖度、土壤侵蚀、水土保持措施等水土保持生态环境影响因子分别进行监测。综合分析结果表明,宁东基地自2000年以来土地利用结构改善,植被覆盖呈好转趋势,虽然局部水土流失加重,但整体土壤侵蚀强度降低,整体生态环境处于好转状态。     

Hydrophilic polycarbonate chips for generation of oil-in-water (O/W) and water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions

Modification of the surfaces of polycarbonate (PC) with the use of a solution of tin (II) chloride renders them hydrophilic. The surface draping is stable against exposure to water and to alcohols. Exposure to alkanes reduces but does not diminish the effect. The method is compatible—in using the same solvent and temperature—with the hydrophobic modification of PC (Jankowski et al. in Lab Chip 11:1151–1156, 2011). The combination of these methods makes it possible to generate single and multiple monodisperse emulsions with the use of flow-focusing junctions in systems made in PC—a material that is suitable for fabrication of multilayer, high-throughput microfluidic devices.     

Hydrophilic polycarbonate chips for generation of oil-in-water (O/W) and water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions

Modification of the surfaces of polycarbonate (PC) with the use of a solution of tin (II) chloride renders them hydrophilic. The surface draping is stable against exposure to water and to alcohols. Exposure to alkanes reduces but does not diminish the effect. The method is compatible—in using the same solvent and temperature—with the hydrophobic modification of PC Jankowski et al. ( Lab Chip 11:748–752, 2011). The combination of these methods makes it possible to generate single and multiple monodisperse emulsions with the use of flow-focusing junctions in systems made in PC—material that is suitable for fabrication of multilayer, high throughput microfluidic devices.     

环境评估在加强水电建设项目生态保护中的作用——以安谷水电站为例

随着水电开发强度增大,公众环保意识增强,水电建设项目环境管理要求不断提高,水电工程建设和运营中生态保护措施也得到不断加强,在此过程中,环境影响技术评估工作发挥了积极的推动作用。以安谷水电站为例,阐述了两次技术评估时安谷水电站所采取的主要生态保护措施及环保投资内容,通过对措施及水电站建设投资的对比,说明了水电建设项目环境影响技术评估严格把关的作用。     

Control of Robot Manipulators in Terms of Quasi-Velocities

In this paper we present new control algorithms for robots with dynamics described in terms of quasi-velocities (Kozłowski, Identification of articulated body inertias and decoupled control of robots in terms of quasi-coordinates. In: Proc. of the 1996 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pp. 317–322. IEEE, Piscataway, 1996a; Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik 76(S3):479–480, 1996c; Robot control algorithms in terms of quasi-coordinates. In: Proc. of the 34 Conference on Decision and Control, pp. 3020–3025, Kobe, 11–13 December 1996, 1996d). The equations of motion are written using spatial quantities such as spatial velocities, accelerations, forces, and articulated body inertia matrices (Kozłowski, Standard and diagonalized Lagrangian dynamics: a comparison. In: Proc. of the 1995 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, pp. 2823–2828. IEEE, Piscataway, 1995b; Rodriguez and Kreutz, Recursive Mass Matrix Factorization and Inversion, An Operator Approach to Open- and Closed-Chain Multibody Dynamics, pp. 88–11. JPL, Dartmouth, 1998). The forward dynamics algorithms incorporate new control laws in terms of normalized quasi-velocities. Two cases are considered: end point trajectory tracking and trajectory tracking algorithm, in general. It is shown that by properly choosing the Lyapunov function candidate a dynamic system with appropriate feedback can be made asymptotically stable and follows the desired trajectory in the task space. All of the control laws have a new architecture in the sense that they are derived, in the so-called quasi-velocity and quasi-force space, and at any instant of time generalized positions and forces can be recovered from order recursions, where denotes the number of degrees of freedom of the manipulator. This paper also contains the proposition of a sliding mode control, originally introduced by Slotine and Li (Int J Rob Res 6(3):49–59, 1987), which has been extended to the sliding mode control in the quasi-velocity and quasi-force space. Experimental results illustrate behavior of the new control schemes and show the potential of the approach in the quasi-velocity and quasi-force space. Authors are with Chair of Control and Systems Engineering.     

Studies of the changes in the geometry of grain boundaries and grains during recovery/continuous recrystallization in α-Fe

Samples of -Fe (Armco) have been deformed by 50% in compression. These have then been annealed at 400 °C, considerably below the conventional recrystallization temperature, and the evolution of grain size and shape quantified. Initially the grain size is found to decrease whilst, at the same time, the grain-shape anisotropy also decreases. It is suggested that a continuous recrystallization process which favours the generation of higher angle grain boundaries is the underlying mechanism. Annealing for longer times gives rise to an increase in grain size with the development of undulations on the grain surfaces. The mechanism suggested for this behaviour involves the annihilation of segments of sub-boundaries on to a pre-existing boundary from either side of the boundary.