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31.
Core–shell type nanoparticles of poly(L ‐lactide)/poly(ethylene glycol) (LE) diblock copolymer were prepared by a dialysis technique. Their size was confirmed as 40–70 nm using photon correlation spectroscopy. The 1H‐NMR analysis confirmed the formation of core–shell type nanoparticles and drug loading. The particle size, drug loading, and drug release rate of the LE nanoparticles were slightly changed by the initial solvents that were used. The drug release behavior of LE core–shell type nanoparticles showed an initial burst during the first 12 h and then a sustained release until 100 h. The degradation behavior of LE block copolymer nanoparticles was divided into three phases: the initial rapid degradation phase, the stationary phase, and the rapid degradation phase until complete degradation. It was suggested that lidocaine release kinetics were predominantly governed by the diffusion mechanism in the initial burst phase and after that by both of the diffusion and degradation mechanisms. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2625–2634, 2002 相似文献
32.
Carl A. Soderstrom Patricia C. Dischinger Gordon S. Smith J.Richard Hebel David R. McDuff David A. Gorelick Timothy J. Kerns Shiu M. Ho Kathleen M. Read 《Accident; analysis and prevention》1997,29(6):715-721
A structured in-depth interview employing standardized criteria was used to determine the prevalence of lifetime and current alcohol dependence (alcoholism) in unselected consecutive patients admitted to a regional Level I trauma center. Of 629 patients, 157 (25.0%) were current alcoholics at the time of injury. An additional 87 (13.8%) were diagnosed as lifetime non-current alcoholics. There was no significant difference in the rates of current alcohol dependence among patients injured in vehicular crashes (23.5%), other unintentional trauma victims (29.3%), and those injured as a result of violence (24.6%). Of BAC + (blood alcohol concentration positive) patients, 54.5% were current alcoholics. However, 14.4% of alcohol-negative patients were also diagnosed as alcohol dependent. 相似文献
33.
Shye Lin Wu Chung Len Lee Tan Fu Lei Chen C.F. Chen L.J. Ho K.Z. Ling Y.C. 《Electron Device Letters, IEEE》1994,15(4):120-122
In this study, it is demonstrated that the incorporation of fluorine can enhance poly-Si/Si interfacial oxide break-up in the poly-Si emitter contacted p+-n shallow junction formation. The annealing temperature for breaking up the poly-Si/Si interfacial oxide has been found to be as low as 900°C. As a result, the junction depth of the BF2-implanted device is much larger than that of the boron-implanted device 相似文献
34.
35.
Low temperature heat capacity measurements have been made on hot isostatically pressed Nb3Sn and arc cast, homogenized, and A15 transformation annealed V-23.3 at. pct Ga and V-18.1 at. pct Ga. The heat capacity measurements
display the superconducting transition temperature (T
c), and have been used to evaluate the effects of plastic deformation on theT
c range. Plastic deformation to the extent of 15 pct compression at 1525 and 1650 °C does not alter the superconducting transition
in polycrystalline Nb3Sn. Plastic deformation to the extent of 15 pct compression at 1050 and 1200 °C does not alter the superconducting transition
in polycrystalline V-23.3Ga, transformed to A15 structure with a fifty-hour 1150 °C anneal. The same statement can be made
for A15 V-18.1Ga, deformed at 1050 °C after a fifty-hour, 1150 °C anneal. With onlyfive hours annealing at 1150 °C, A15 V-23.2Ga displays a lowering and broadening of theT
c range upon 1050 and 1200 °C plastic deformation. With onlyfive hours annealing at 1150 °C, A15 V-18.1Ga displays a broad, but increasedT
c range after plastic deformation at 1050 °C. 相似文献
36.
Sung Ho Jeong Joon Jeong Yi Jong Keun Kim Man Yeong Ha 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》1991,5(1):16-21
A computer program to calculate the strip temperature heated in the continuous annealing furnace was developed, using the
zone method for radiative heat transfer analysis with the measured gas temperature in the furnace. Using theF
E Operator, the present study considered the effects of soot and transient species, in addition to the H2O−CO2 gas mixture on the gas radiative heat transfer. The predicted strip temperature distribution forF
E=1.05 represented well the measured data. The maximum difference in the heat flux transfered to the strip from the combustion
gas forF
E=1.0 (without soot and transient species gas radiation) and 1.05 (with soot and transient species gas radiation) was about
15%. The present study also investigated the effects of line speed and thickness variations on the strip temperature, establishing
the bases for the on-line computer model. 相似文献
37.
Ho A.N. Pantell R.H. Feinstein J. Huang Y.C. 《Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of》1991,27(12):2650-2655
A novel wiggler design for use in free-electron lasers (FELs) is proposed, consisting of a staggered array of magnetic poles situated inside the bore of a solenoid. The resultant field pattern consists of a periodic transverse magnetic field on axis, as well as a longitudinal guide field. Such a wiggler has several advantages: the longitudinal field acts to confine the electrons near the FEL axis, high fields can be attained at short wiggler periods, the field strength is easily varied, and fabrication and testing of the wiggler are relatively easy. It is planned to use this wiggler design in a far infrared FEL to be built at Stanford University 相似文献
38.
JaeHyunKim JounHoLee JiChulLim ChangHoonLee MooHyoungSong JuYeonYoon HeeDongChoi JeomJaeKim ChangHoOh SangDeogYeo 李路海 《现代显示》2004,31(5):31-33
薄膜晶体管液晶电视(TFT-LCD TV)因为具有薄、轻、紧凑和可随意放置的特点,已经占据了大部分电视机市场。除了这些物理特性以外,最重要的特性是已具有了良好像质的对比度。为了将对比度提高到1:600以上,对偏振片膜、背光源板、滤色片树脂、电极锥角和摩擦条件等都进行了研究。优化的背光板组合,光滑的电极锥角和摩擦方法的控制是提高对比度的主要控制因素。应用新开发的滤色片树脂,对获得高对比度最为有效。 相似文献
39.
The stability of five major phenolics, namely (−)-epicatechin (EC), procyanidin B2 (PC-B2), chlorogenic acid (ChA), hyperoside (HP) and isoquercitrin (IQ), in hawthorn fruits and a canned hawthorn drink were evaluated during 6 months of storage in the dark at three different temperatures (4, 23 and 40 °C). HPLC with a diode-array detector was used to determine the contents of the individual compounds. The results showed that the studied phenolics in the hawthorn fruits and the drink were both stable at 4 °C and relatively unstable at 23 and 40 °C with varied extents of degradation. At room temperature (23 °C), marked degradations of EC and PC-B2 were observed in both the fruits and the drink with around 50% and 30% decrease after a 6-month storage, respectively. A more significant decrease of the phenolics was observed at 40 °C, especially for EC and PC-B2, which were almost completely degraded after a 6-month storage. HP, IQ and ChA were relatively stable at 23 °C, but unstable at 40 °C. Therefore, low-temperature storage is recommended for maintaining the quality and efficacy of hawthorn fruits and its preparations. 相似文献
40.
The relatively fast diffusion of Au atoms in eutectic PbSn matrix is considered one of the contributing factors to the Au
embrittlement problem. In this study, we further investigated the Au embrittlement problem in high-Sn solders. Experimentally,
Sn3.5Ag (wt.%) spheres with 500-μm diameter were soldered over the Au/Ni soldering pads. It was found that some of the AuSn4 needles that formed after reflow inside the solder migrated back to the solder/pad interface during thermal aging. However,
the migration kinetics in high-Sn solders was slower compared to that in eutectic PbSn. The difference in migration kinetics
of AuSn4 in eutectic PbSn and SnAg was ascribed to the difference in the magnitudes of the Au flux and the Ni flux. In eutectic PbSn,
the Au flux was much greater than that of the Ni flux, and the Au and Ni flux were in the same order of magnitude in eutectic
SnAg. The relative magnitude of the Au and Ni flux changed in eutectic PbSn and SnAg because the homologous temperatures of
PbSn and SnAg were different. 相似文献