紫菜酶解产物锌螯合-α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂活性肽的研究

研究紫菜酶解α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性肽与锌螯合反应的条件,并对锌-螯合-糖苷酶抑制剂活性肽的胃肠消化稳定性进行评价。对条斑紫菜在一定条件下进行内切与外切蛋白酶的复合酶解获得具备α-葡萄糖苷酶高抑制活性的多肽,采用超滤纳滤双膜组合分离后旋转蒸发浓缩冻干,获得的多肽质量浓度为1 mg/mL时对0.5 mg/mL的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率达68%;利用α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性肽与锌溶液反应进行螯合条件优化,螯合的最佳条件为：时间1.5 h,pH 4.5,温度37 ℃,质量浓度6 mg/mL,得到的锌-螯合-糖苷酶抑制剂活性肽溶液螯合度为25.6%,螯合后对α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性提高到79.8%;建立体外胃肠消化模型,以α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性为指标,评价制备的锌-螯合-糖苷酶抑制剂活性肽的胃肠消化耐受性,结果表明：经过不同酶与底物比、时间胃消化后α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性下降均在7%左右,十二指肠消化后,抑制活性下降均在5%以内,具有良好的胃肠消化稳定活性。     

gold-MUSIC Based DOA Estimation and Multiuser Detection of DS-CDMA System with Optimal Beamformer ULA Antenna

Wireless Personal Communications - gold-MUSIC based direction of arrival (DOA) estimation and multiuser detection (MUD) overcoming near–far problem are achieved concurrently for...     

Universal trajectories of scientific success

Success of a scientific entity generally undergoes myriad vicissitudes, resulting in different patterns of success trajectories. Understanding and characterizing the rise and fall of scientific success is important not only from the perspective of designing new mathematical models but also to enhance the quality of various real-world systems such as scientific article search and recommendation systems. In this paper, we present a large-scale study of the subject by analyzing the success of two major scientific entities—papers and authors—in Computer Science and Physics. We quantify “success” in terms of citations and in the process discover six distinct success trajectories which are prevalent across multidisciplinary datasets. Our results reveal that these trajectories are not fully random, but are rather generated through a complex process. We further shed light on the behavior of these trajectories and unfold many interesting facets by asking fundamental questions—which trajectory is more successful, how significant and stable are these categories, what factors trigger the rise and fall of trajectories? A few of our findings sharply contradict the well-accepted beliefs on bibliographic research such as “Preferential Attachment”, “first-mover advantage”. We believe that this study will argue in favor of revising the existing metrics used for quantifying scientific success.     

Silica encapsulated Ni nanoparticles: variation of optical and magnetic properties with particle size

Ni nanoparticles embedded in SiO2 matrix were prepared by sol-gel process. The molar percentages of Ni were varied from 2 to 20% of total SiO2 present in the matrix. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images revealed that particle sizes varied from 8.0-15.7 nm at an annealing temperature of 773 K with variation of concentration. The optical absorption spectra revealed that the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak in the UV region of the spectrum shifted with the particle diameter (D) from that at 247.3 nm for D = 8.0 nm to 250.7 nm for D = 15.7 nm. In hysteresis loop measurements the magnetizations (M) of the nanocomposites also increased with higher Ni content in the matrix and did not saturate in the measuring limit of the magnetic filed (H) of 4 KOe. The anhysteric curves for different samples were analyzed with the law of approach to saturation (LAS). The zero field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC) magnetization measurements at 50 Oe showed increasing broadening of the ZFC curve with the higher Ni content. To calculate the average blocking temperature ((T(B a distribution of the blocking temperatures (T(B)) was assumed to initiate theoretical fittings and it was found to be increasing with the Ni concentration in the matrix.     

Topology Management Ensuring Reliability in Delay Sensitive Sensor Networks with Arbitrary Node Failures

The lifetime of a sensor network is influenced by the efficient utilization of the resource constrained sensor nodes. The tree-based data gathering offers good quality of service (QoS) for the running applications. However, data gathering at the sink reduces the network lifetime due to a fast failure of highly loaded nodes. Loss of connectivity and sensing coverage affect the performance of the applications that demand critical QoS. In this paper, a data gathering tree management scheme has been proposed to deal with arbitrary node failures in delay-sensitive sensor networks. A load-balanced distributed BFS tree construction procedure has been introduced for an efficient data gathering. Based on the initial tree construction, a tree maintenance scheme and an application message handler have been designed to ensure the reliable delivery of the application messages. The correctness of the proposed scheme has been verified both theoretically and with the help of simulation. The proposed scheme offers low overhead, enhanced network lifetime and good QoS in terms of delay and reliability of the application messages.     

Visual perception-based criminal identification: a query-based approach

Abstract

The visual perception of eyewitness plays a vital role in criminal identification scenario. It helps law enforcement authorities in searching particular criminal from their previous record. It has been reported that searching a criminal record manually requires too much time to get the accurate result. We have proposed a query-based approach which minimises the computational cost along with the reduction of search space. A symbolic database has been created to perform a stringent analysis on 150 public (Bollywood celebrities and Indian cricketers) and 90 local faces (our data-set). An expert knowledge has been captured to encapsulate every criminal’s anatomical and facial attributes in the form of symbolic representation. A fast query-based searching strategy has been implemented using dynamic decision tree data structure which allows four levels of decomposition to fetch respective criminal records. Two types of case studies - viewed and forensic sketches have been considered to evaluate the strength of our proposed approach. We have derived 1200 views of the entire population by taking into consideration 80 participants as eyewitness. The system demonstrates an accuracy level of 98.6% for test case I and 97.8% for test case II. It has also been reported that experimental results reduce the search space up to 30 most relevant records.     

Feature extraction and dimensionality reduction by genetic programming based on the Fisher criterion

Abstract: Feature extraction helps to maximize the useful information within a feature vector, by reducing the dimensionality and making the classification effective and simple. In this paper, a novel feature extraction method is proposed: genetic programming (GP) is used to discover features, while the Fisher criterion is employed to assign fitness values. This produces non‐linear features for both two‐class and multiclass recognition, reflecting the discriminating information between classes. Compared with other GP‐based methods which need to generate c discriminant functions for solving c‐class (c>2) pattern recognition problems, only one single feature, obtained by a single GP run, appears to be highly satisfactory in this approach. The proposed method is experimentally compared with some non‐linear feature extraction methods, such as kernel generalized discriminant analysis and kernel principal component analysis. Results demonstrate the capability of the proposed approach to transform information from the high‐dimensional feature space into a single‐dimensional space by automatically discovering the relationships between data, producing improved performance.     

The Effects of Concentration, Relative Permittivity and Temperature on the Transport Properties of Sodium Polystyrenesulphonate in Methanol–Water Mixed Solvent Media

Precise measurements on the electrical conductivity of solutions of sodium polystyrenesulphonate in methanol–water mixed solvent media containing 8, 16, 25, and 34 wt.% of methanol at 308.15, 313.15, 318.15, and 323.15 K are reported. The degree of substitution of sodium polystyrenesulphonate used was 1, and the concentrations were varied from ∼2.0 × 10⁻⁴ to ∼4.0 × 10⁻³ monomol l⁻¹. The results showed a slight and monotonous increase in the equivalent conductivity with decreasing polyelectrolyte concentration. The applicability of the Manning’s theory for salt-free polyelectrolyte solution was examined and a major discrepancy against the theory was observed. The calculated values of the equivalent conductivity deduced on the basis of this theory were found to be lower than the experimental ones. Possible reasons for this discrepancy have been discussed. The effects of the temperature and relative permittivity of the medium on the equivalent conductivity were also investigated. Estimation of the fractions of uncondensed counterions provides important insight regarding the solution behavior of the polyelectrolyte in methanol–water mixtures.     

Effect of Cryogenic Pre-Treatment on Breakage Characteristics of Rocks

Improvement of energy efficiency in comminution of rocks using various pretreatment methods is being explored worldwide. This paper presents experimental data on breakage characteristics of granite and sandstone using cryogenic pre-treatment. The samples were treated with varying duration of immersion in liquid nitrogen. Combined pretreatment using oven heating followed by quenching in liquid nitrogen were also explored. The results indicate that using cryogenic pretreatment uniaxial tensile strength of granite can be decreased by more than 40% while in uniaxial compressive strength about 28% reduction is possible. For sandstone as much as 33% reduction in uniaxial compressive strength was observed.