Human Recombinant DNase I (Pulmozyme®) Inhibits Lung Metastases in Murine Metastatic B16 Melanoma Model That Correlates with Restoration of the DNase Activity and the Decrease SINE/LINE and c-Myc Fragments in Blood Cell-Free DNA

Tumor-associated cell-free DNAs (cfDNA) play an important role in the promotion of metastases. Previous studies proved the high antimetastatic potential of bovine pancreatic DNase I and identified short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) and long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs)and fragments of oncogenes in cfDNA as the main molecular targets of enzyme in the bloodstream. Here, recombinant human DNase I (commercial name Pulmozyme^®), which is used for the treatment of cystic fibrosis in humans, was repurposed for the inhibition of lung metastases in the B16 melanoma model in mice. We found that Pulmozyme^® strongly reduced migration and induced apoptosis of B16 cells in vitro and effectively inhibited metastases in lungs and liver in vivo. Pulmozyme^® was shown to be two times more effective when administered intranasally (i.n.) than bovine DNase I, but intramuscular (i.m.) administration forced it to exhibit as high an antimetastatic activity as bovine DNase I. Both DNases administered to mice either i.m. or i.n. enhanced the DNase activity of blood serum to the level of healthy animals, significantly decreased cfDNA concentrations, efficiently degraded SINE and LINE repeats and c-Myc fragments in the bloodstream and induced apoptosis and disintegration of neutrophil extracellular traps in metastatic foci; as a result, this manifested as the inhibition of metastases spread. Thus, Pulmozyme^®, which is already an approved drug, can be recommended for use in the treatment of lung metastases.     

Reliability of automatic eddy-current equipment with a rotating magnetic field

This paper presents a method for estimating the reliability of eddy-current nondestructive inspection by using the rotating magnetic field method. The results of the inspection are considered as memory-less stochastic processes, with the possibility of representation in a bi-dimensional space: ‘good product’ and ‘bad product’. The general formulae are calculated by using the master equation for the time behaviour of the probabilities, the numerical data used for results estimation being obtained by means of an automatic eddy current installation with rotating magnetic field. The samples used had 20 μm, 40 μm and 98 μm deep artificial faults, and the control speed ranged between 0.05 and 1 m s⁻¹.     

Estimating the performance of electronic measurement systems

Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 5, pp. 9–10, May, 1990.     

A novel gas-loading system for mechanically closing of various types of diamond anvil cells

Loading of gases in diamond anvil cells is a complicated but necessary task to obtain hydrostatic conditions for high-pressure measurements. A simple in operation, safe, and universal gas-loading system has been designed and constructed. Innovations were introduced to simplify the loading procedure up to the "three-button" mode.