On Velocity‐Based Local Model Networks For Nonlinear Identification

This paper exposes the strengths and weaknesses of the recently proposed velocity‐based local model (LM) network. The global dynamics of the velocity‐based blended representation are directly related to the dynamics of the underlying local models, an important property in the design of local controller networks. Furthermore, the sub‐models are continuous‐time and linear providing continuity with established linear theory and methods. This is not true for the conventional LM framework, where the global dynamics are only weakly related to the affine sub‐models. In this paper, a velocity‐based multiple model network is identified for a highly nonlinear dynamical system. The results show excellent dynamical modelling performances, highlighting the value of the velocity‐based approach for the design and analysis of LM based control. Three important practical issues are also addressed. These relate to the blending of the velocity‐based local models, the use of normalised Gaussian basis functions and the requirement of an input derivative.     

A hybrid linear/nonlinear training algorithm for feedforward neuralnetworks

This paper presents a new hybrid optimization strategy for training feedforward neural networks. The algorithm combines gradient-based optimization of nonlinear weights with singular value decomposition (SVD) computation of linear weights in one integrated routine. It is described for the multilayer perceptron (MLP) and radial basis function (RBF) networks and then extended to the local model network (LMN), a new feedforward structure in which a global nonlinear model is constructed from a set of locally valid submodels. Simulation results are presented demonstrating the superiority of the new hybrid training scheme compared to second-order gradient methods. It is particularly effective for the LMN architecture where the linear to nonlinear parameter ratio is large.     

Digital Rights Management: The Open Mobile Alliance DRM specifications

Ubiquitous access to the Internet, especially from mobile phones, offers the possibility of easy access for the user to desirable contents such as songs, videos, ringtones and books. However, this easy access also exposes the owners of this content to potential fraud and piracy. Digital Rights Management technologies are used to ensure that digital content can only be consumed on authorised devices that enforce copyright protection and allow the management of content throughout its entire life cycle. This article provides an overview of Digital Rights Management with particular focus on the Open Mobile Alliances DRM standards.     

The Effect of High Temperature Thermal Cycling on Near-Surface Sulphur Partitioning in Gamma and Gamma Prime Phases and Its Implications on Sulphur Segregation in Coated Ni-Base Superalloys

Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) was used to study the near-surface segregation of sulphur during; (a) the thermal processing stages (diffusion annealing after application of Pt bond coat and after secondary ageing following subsequent deposition of the Y₂O₃-stabilised ZrO₂ top coat) and (b) thermal cycling in the Ni-base superalloy, CMSX4. In the thermal processing stages, an increased segregation of sulphur was observed within the upper regions of the Pt bond coat after diffusion annealing, while following secondary ageing, the sulphur segregation in this layer became heterogeneous with discrete pockets of enrichment (?1 ppm) and regions of depletion (?1 ppm). During thermal cycling, partitioning of sulphur occurred to the Pt-enriched γ′ region characterised by the finger-like morphology, while examination of TBC spalled specimens showed significant depletion of sulphur within the substrate in the vicinity of the surface. The reservoir for sulphur-depletion within the substrate was definitively identified as the Pt-enriched γ′ region. A quantitative method for the calculation of sulphur-segregation at the surface in terms of mono-layers is presented.     

Techniques for monitoring protein misfolding and aggregation in vitro and in living cells

Protein misfolding and aggregation have been considered important in understanding many neurodegenerative diseases and recombinant biopharmaceutical production. Various traditional and modern techniques have been utilized to monitor protein aggregation in vitro and in living cells. Fibril formation, morphology and secondary structure content of amyloidogenic proteins in vitro have been monitored by molecular probes, TEM/AFM, and CD/FTIR analyses, respectively. Protein aggregation in living cells has been qualitatively or quantitatively monitored by numerous molecular folding reporters based on either fluorescent protein or enzyme. Aggregation of a target protein is directly correlated to the changes in fluorescence or enzyme activity of the folding reporter fused to the target protein, which allows non-invasive monitoring aggregation of the target protein in living cells. Advances in the techniques used to monitor protein aggregation in vitro and in living cells have greatly facilitated the understanding of the molecular mechanism of amyloidogenic protein aggregation associated with neurodegenerative diseases, optimizing culture conditions to reduce aggregation of biopharmaceuticals expressed in living cells, and screening of small molecule libraries in the search for protein aggregation inhibitors.     

切尔西街游乐场

<正>切尔西街游乐场位于悉尼市内东雷德福区中心地带,是散布在该区域内的一系列小型公园中的一个。这些公园作为城市的公共区域,在某种程度上犹如戏剧中的配角一般并不夺人眼球,却是城市格局中至关重要的一部分,成为强调道路网络的日常活动空间。附近有更大的公园和游乐场,承载更有活力的     

Uniform Approximation of Discrete-Time Periodically Varying Systems

It is shown that the elements of a large class of discrete-time periodically varying nonlinear input-output maps can be uniformly approximated arbitrarily well, over infinite time intervals, using a certain structure that can be implemented in many ways using, for example, radial basis functions, polynomial functions, piecewise linear functions, sigmoids, or combinations of these functions. For the special case in which these functions are taken to be certain polynomial functions, the input-output map of our structure is a generalized finite discrete-time Volterra series. Results are given for the case in which inputs and outputs are defined on the integers. The case in which inputs and outputs are defined on the nonnegative integers is also addressed.