Radiometric sensor for temperature control of food processing

This paper describes a novel planar antenna sensor created for the purpose of noninvasive temperature measurements using microwave radiometry. In order to improve radiometric measurements in industrial applications, a new generation of sensors is introduced, composed of a metallic sheet. Simulations based upon the method of moments is used both to design and to determine their electromagnetic performances. This paper also describes a radiometric device using these sensors to measure and control the temperature of food products during deep freezing processes. The results and discussions are presented.     

Mass Transfer in a Flat Gas/Liquid Interface using non‐Newtonian Media

Gas/liquid mass transfer has been investigated using a stirred vessel gas/liquid contactor using non‐Newtonian media and carbon dioxide as absorbent and gas phase, respectively. The volumetric mass transfer coefficients at different operational variables have been determined. Non‐Newtonian media (liquid phase) were prepared as aqueous solutions of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose salt. The influence of the rheological properties, polymer concentration, stirring rate, and gas flow rate on mass transfer was studied for these liquid phases. Kinematic viscosity and density experimental data were used to calculate the average molecular weight corresponding to the polymer employed. The Ostwald model has been used to fit the rheological behavior of aqueous solutions of the polymer employed as absorbent phase. Reasonably good agreement was found between the predictions of the proposed models and the experimental data of mass transfer coefficients.     

On optimal sequential prediction for general processes

This paper considers several aspects of the sequential prediction problem for unbounded, nonstationary processes under pth power loss /spl lscr//sub p/(u,v)=|u-v|/sup p/, 1相似文献   

Kinetic Characteristics of Amino Acid Salt Crystallization in Methanol‐Water System

Nucleation and growth mechanisms and kinetics of crystals of an amino acid salt were investigated in a methanol‐water system by measuring and evaluating the induction time as a function of the supersaturation ratio and temperature in batch salting out crystallization experiments. Discrimination between the possible crystallization mechanisms, and estimation of the kinetic parameters were carried out using nonlinear parameter identification. The results concerning the growth mechanism obtained were checked additionally by measuring the induction time as a function of number density of seed crystals.     

Small–Capacity Modular Units. Experience in Startup and Management

A series of small–capacity units has recently been constructed in regions of oil field development and crude oil and gas condensate production to satisfy the requirements for such petroleum products as naphtha, diesel fuel, kerosene, and boiler fuel and to reduce costs for delivery of these products. There are almost no data in the technical literature, particularly in periodicals, on the construction and operation of small–capacity units. We attempt to generalize the experience of Orgeneftekhimzavody Trust in this area. We hope that this experience will be useful to specialists in the development and management of small–capacity plants.     

伊朗卡尔黑水利枢纽

伊朗卡尔黑多目标水利枢纽，首台机组于2002年9月投运。介绍了工程历史，并从导流系统遂洪道、渗漏控制和惟幕灌浆等方面介绍了工程的技术要求。     

An introduction of the condition class space with continuous value discretization and rough set theory

The granularity of an information system has an incumbent effect on the efficacy of the analysis from many machine learning algorithms. An information system contains a universe of objects characterized and categorized by condition and decision attributes. To manage the concomitant granularity, a level of continuous value discretization (CVD) is often undertaken. In the case of the rough set theory (RST) methodology for object classification, the granularity contributes to the grouping of objects into condition classes with the same condition attribute values. This article exposits the effect of a level of CVD on the subsequent condition classes constructed, with the introduction of the condition class space—the domain within which the condition classes exist. This domain elucidates the association of the condition classes to the related decision outcomes—reflecting the inexactness incumbent when a level of CVD is undertaken. A series of measures is defined that quantify this association. Throughout this study and without loss of generality, the findings are made through the RST methodology. This further offers a novel exposition of the relationship between all the condition attributes and the RST‐related reducts (subsets of condition attributes). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Int Syst 21: 173–191, 2006.     

Fault detection for control of wastewater treatment plants.

Interest in real-time model-based control is increasing as more and more facilities are being asked to meet stricter effluent requirements while at the same time minimizing costs. It has been identified that biological process models and automated process control technologies are being used at wastewater treatments plants throughout the world and that great potential for optimising biotreatment may exist with the integration of these two technology areas. According to our experience, wastewater treatment plants are indeed looking for ways to successfully integrate their modelling knowledge into their process control structure; however, there are practical aspects of this integration that must be addressed if the benefits of this integration are to be realised. This paper discusses the practical aspects of monitoring, filtering and analysing real sensor data with an aim to produce a reliable real-time data stream that might be used within a model-based control structure. Several real case study examples are briefly discussed in this paper.