全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8888篇 |
免费 | 413篇 |
国内免费 | 11篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 118篇 |
综合类 | 38篇 |
化学工业 | 2261篇 |
金属工艺 | 228篇 |
机械仪表 | 186篇 |
建筑科学 | 603篇 |
矿业工程 | 20篇 |
能源动力 | 283篇 |
轻工业 | 866篇 |
水利工程 | 87篇 |
石油天然气 | 44篇 |
武器工业 | 1篇 |
无线电 | 660篇 |
一般工业技术 | 1452篇 |
冶金工业 | 584篇 |
原子能技术 | 58篇 |
自动化技术 | 1823篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 88篇 |
2022年 | 203篇 |
2021年 | 333篇 |
2020年 | 185篇 |
2019年 | 200篇 |
2018年 | 270篇 |
2017年 | 235篇 |
2016年 | 315篇 |
2015年 | 234篇 |
2014年 | 337篇 |
2013年 | 627篇 |
2012年 | 486篇 |
2011年 | 616篇 |
2010年 | 428篇 |
2009年 | 494篇 |
2008年 | 455篇 |
2007年 | 412篇 |
2006年 | 343篇 |
2005年 | 296篇 |
2004年 | 269篇 |
2003年 | 259篇 |
2002年 | 193篇 |
2001年 | 138篇 |
2000年 | 137篇 |
1999年 | 115篇 |
1998年 | 140篇 |
1997年 | 135篇 |
1996年 | 100篇 |
1995年 | 80篇 |
1994年 | 80篇 |
1993年 | 84篇 |
1992年 | 59篇 |
1991年 | 60篇 |
1990年 | 62篇 |
1989年 | 68篇 |
1988年 | 50篇 |
1987年 | 49篇 |
1986年 | 50篇 |
1985年 | 53篇 |
1984年 | 62篇 |
1983年 | 44篇 |
1982年 | 38篇 |
1981年 | 37篇 |
1980年 | 41篇 |
1979年 | 32篇 |
1978年 | 34篇 |
1977年 | 33篇 |
1976年 | 39篇 |
1975年 | 40篇 |
1973年 | 36篇 |
排序方式: 共有9312条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
71.
The crystal structure and molecular conformation of 2-cyano-4-bromo-4′-N,N-diethylaminoazobenzene (C17H17N4Br, mol. wt. = 357·2 a.m.u) has been determined from X-ray diffraction data; triclinic, P (No. 2), a = 10·132(11) Å, b = 12·216(16) Å, c = 6·966(11) Å, α = 104·21(9)°, β = 92·67(12)°, γ = 97·22(7)°, V = 826·5(9) Å3, Z = 2, Dc = 1·436 g cm?3, F(000) = 378, λ(MoKα) = 0·71069 Å, μ(MoKα) = 26·0 cm?1. The structure was solved by the multiple solution direct method and refined by full-matrix least-squares to R = 0·059 for 1538 independent observed reflections. The azobenzene skeleton is planar to within 0·06 Å. Most significant bonding data are: NN, 1·290(8) Å; BrC, 1·866(6) Å; mean CN (azo) 1·380(8) Å; NNC, 113·6(4) and 115·3(4)°; NCC (cis relative to NN) 125·9(4)° and 126·7(4)°; NCC (trans) 116·8°(5)° and 116·1(4)°. 相似文献
72.
One of today's grand societal challenges is to replace the current ‘take‐make‐waste’ economic model with a circular economic model that allows a gradual decoupling of economic activities from the consumption of finite virgin resources. While circular economy (CE) scholars have long lauded digital technologies such as sensors, distributed ledgers, or platforms as key enablers, our own community has not fully explored the potentials of information systems (IS) for a CE. Considering recent technological advances in software and hardware and our history of helping address wicked challenges, we believe the time is ripe to mobilise IS scholarship for a CE. Our findings from an interdisciplinary literature review show that research has primarily examined IS potentials for increasing efficiency of isolated intra‐organisational processes while neglecting the larger sustainability potential of IS to establish circular material flows—that is, slow down and close material loops across entire product lifecycles. In response, we propose directions for IS research that develop our knowledge of how IS can help understand and enact circular material flows to intensify and extend use of products and components and recycle waste materials. Our directions offer pathways to building and evaluating the problem‐solution pairing that could characterise a prolific CE‐IS relationship. 相似文献
73.
Hiroaki Tsuchiya Jan M. Macak Andrei Ghicov Luciano Taveira Patrik Schmuki 《Corrosion Science》2005,47(12):3324-3335
The present work investigates the electrochemical formation of self-organized high aspect ratio TiO2 and ZrO2 nanotube layers. The formation and growth of a self-organized porous layer can be achieved directly by anodization without any templates in fluoride containing electrolytes. The morphology of the porous layers is affected by the electrochemical conditions such as the electrolyte composition, the pH and the exact polarization treatment (such as the potential sweep rate from the open-circuit potential to the anodizing potential). For Ti, nanotube layers are formed with diameters varying from approx. 20 nm to 100 nm and lengths from approx. 0.25 μm to 2.5 μm depending on the electrolytes and pH. On the other hand, for Zr, tubes of 50 nm in diameter and up to approx. 17 μm in length can be grown—a key parameter in this case is the potential sweep rate. The large difference between Ti and Zr in the achievable thickness of nanotube layers indicates a difference in the growth mechanism which may be based on the different chemical dissolution rates of electrochemically formed oxides. 相似文献
74.
75.
A discrete Laplace‐Beltrami operator is called perfect if it possesses all the important properties of its smooth counterpart. It is known which triangle meshes admit perfect Laplace operators and how to fix any other mesh by changing the combinatorics. We extend the characterization of meshes that admit perfect Laplacians to general polygon meshes. More importantly, we provide an algorithm that computes a perfect Laplace operator for any polygon mesh without changing the combinatorics, although, possibly changing the embedding. We evaluate this algorithm and demonstrate it at applications. 相似文献
76.
77.
Robustness of ISS systems to inputs with limited moving average: Application to spacecraft formations 下载免费PDF全文
Esten Ingar Grøtli Elena Panteley Antoine Chaillet Jan Tommy Gravdahl 《国际强度与非线性控制杂志
》2016,26(4):816-833
》2016,26(4):816-833
We provide a theoretical framework that fits realistic challenges related to spacecraft formation with disturbances. We show that the input‐to‐state stability of such systems guarantees some robustness with respect to a class of signals with bounded average‐energy, which encompasses the typical disturbances acting on spacecraft formations. Solutions are shown to converge to the desired formation, up to an offset, which is somewhat proportional to the considered moving average of disturbances. In the presence of fast peaking perturbations, the approach provides a tighter evaluation of the disturbances' influence, which allows for the use of more parsimonious control gains. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
78.
Global polynomial optimization can be a powerful tool when applied to engineering problems. One of the most successful methods for solving such problems is based on convex linear matrix inequality (LMI) relaxations. Software implementations of this approach can be found for example in Matlab toolboxes GloptiPoly and YALMIP. Matlab language makes it very easy when it comes to modelling polynomial problems. However, when using these toolboxes, Matlab is also required for the problem solving. GpoSolver aims at bridging this gap by providing a Matlab-based problem modelling toolbox supplemented by a problem-solving back end in a form of a C++ template library. Once a problem is conveniently modelled and parametrized in Matlab, a C++ class is automatically generated by GpoSolver. This class can be easily included into an existing codebase and used to solve different instances of the problem based on the supplied parameters. 相似文献
79.
Jan Behmann Kathrin Hendriksen Ute Müller Wolfgang Büscher Lutz Plümer 《GeoInformatica》2016,20(4):693-714
Tracking the spatio-temporal activity is highly relevant for domains like security, health, and quality management. Since animal welfare became a topic in politics and legislation locomotion patterns of livestock have received increasing interest. In contrast to the monitoring of pedestrians cattle activity tracking poses special challenges to both sensors and data analysis. Interesting states are not directly observable by a single sensor. In addition, sensors must be accepted by cattle and need to be robust enough to cope with a rough environment. In this article, we introduce the novel combination of heart rate and positioning sensors. Attached to neck and chest they are less interfering than accelerometers at the ankles. Exploiting the potential of such combined sensor system that records locomotion and non-spatial information from the heart rate sensor however is challenging. We introduce a novel two level method for the activity tracking focused on the duration and sequence of activity states. We combine Support Vector Machine (SVM) with Conditional Random Field (CRF) and extend Conditional Random fields by an explicit representation of duration. The SVM characterizes local activity states, whereas the CRF addresses sequences of local states to sequences incorporating spatial and non-spatial contextual knowledge. This combination provides a reliable and comprehensive identification of defined activity patterns, as well as their chronology and durations, suitable for the integration in an activity data base. This data base is used to extract physiological parameters and promises insights into internal states such as fitness, well-being and stress. Interestingly we were able to demonstrate a significant correlation between resting pulse rate and the day of pregnancy. 相似文献
80.
Ella L. F. Fu Jan van Aalst Carol K. K. Chan 《International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning》2016,11(4):441-478
The goal of this study was to develop a classification for a range of discourse patterns that occur in text-based asynchronous discussion forums, and that can aid in the distinction of three modes of discourse: knowledge sharing, knowledge construction, and knowledge building. The dataset was taken from Knowledge Forum® databases in the Knowledge Building Teacher Network in Hong Kong, and included three discussion views created for different classes: Grade 5 Science, Grade 10 Visual Arts, and Grade 10 Liberal Studies. We used a combination of qualitative coding and narrative analysis as well as teachers’ understanding of online discourse to analyze student discussions. Nine discourse patterns were identified. These patterns revealed a variety of ways in which students go about their collaborative interactions online and demonstrated how and why students succeed or fail in sustaining collaborative interactions. This study extended the three modes of online discourse and developed different discourse patterns, which are efforts to provide instructional guidance. The implications of supporting productive discourse and the enactment of CSCL innovations in classrooms are discussed. 相似文献