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61.
Henry?S.?Lam Andrew?ProctorEmail author 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2003,80(6):563-567
The changes in milled rice FFA content and composition and in conjugated diene (CD) content and bacterial, yeast, and mold
counts were determined at 24, 37, and 50°C and 70% RH over 50 d. There was a rapid rate of FFA formation during the first
few days of storage, which was optimal at 37°C, but that slowed after 2, 4, and 5 d at 37, 24, and 50°C, respectively. There
was a second increase in FFA after about day 12 that increased with increasing temperature, indicating nonlipase hydrolysis.
Linoleic and oleic acids were the main components of the total FFA produced on the surface of milled rice. The pattern of
CD development followed that of FFA increase. Bacterial growth correlated with increased FFA levels after 12 d of storage,
suggesting that bacterial lipase rather than bran lipase may be responsible for rice lipid hydrolysis 相似文献
62.
Michael J. Banach Stephen J. Clarson Gregory Beaucage Jason Benkoski Tom Mates Edward J. Kramer Richard A. Vaia 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2002,86(8):2021-2024
For many microelectronic and optoelectronic applications, polymer thin films require the addition of small molecules. However, the thin‐film geometry and associated processing techniques will influence the final morphology and compositional distribution of the constituents. It is therefore important that these be examined directly rather than inferred from bulk measurements. As an example system, the concentration and distribution of Disperse Red 1 (DR1) molecules in poly(methyl methacrylate) thin films were examined. Ultraviolet visibility spectroscopy and dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry indicate that the composition of the molecules decreased dramatically with thermal treatment of the film. The sublimation of the chromophore was observed to occur at temperatures well below the melting point of the small molecule and the glass transition of the pure polymer; this solute loss manifested itself in changes in the glass transition temperature of the film. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 2021–2024, 2002 相似文献
63.
Pt-V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalysts supported on SiC filter for NO reduction at low temperature 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Joo-Hong Choi Jin-Hyun Kim Young-Cheoul Bak Rose Amal Jason Scott 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2005,22(6):844-851
The catalytic filter, V2O5-WO3-TiO2 supported on a ceramic filter, is known as a promising material for treating particulates and NO
x
simultaneously at optimum temperatures around 320°C. In order to improve its catalytic activity at low temperatures, the
effect of Pt addition on the catalytic filter has been investigated. Catalytic filters, Pt-V2O5-WO3-TiO2/SiC, were prepared by co-impregnation of Pt, V, and W precursors on TiO2 coated-SiC filter by vacuum aided-dip coating. The Pt-added catalytic filter shifted the optimum working temperature from
280–330°C (for the non Pt-impregnated filter) to 180–230°C, providing N
x
slip concentration less than 20 ppm for the treatment of 700 ppm NO at a face velocity of 2 cm/s with the same value over
the non Pt-added catalytic filters. The promotional effect following the addition of Pt is believed to result from electrical
modification of the catalyst maintaining a high electron transfer state. Ammonia oxidation was also observed to be dominant
above the optimal temperature for SCR. 相似文献
64.
ON GENERALIZED FRACTIONAL PROCESSES 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Abstract. A class of stationary long-memory processes is proposed which is an extension of the fractional autoregressive moving-average (FARMA) model. The FARMA model is limited by the fact that it does not allow data with persistent cyclic (or seasonal) behavior to be considered. Our extension, which includes the FARMA model as a special case, makes use of the properties of the generating function of the Gegenbauer polynomials, and we refer to these models as Gegenbauer autoregressive moving-average (GARMA) models. While the FARMA model has a peak in the spectrum at f = 0, the GARMA process can model long-term periodic behavior for any frequency 0 f 0.5. Properties of the GARMA process are examined and techniques for generation of realizations, model identification and parameter estimation are proposed. The use of the GARMA model is illustrated through simulated examples as well as with classical sunspot data. 相似文献
65.
Rationally, engineering a favorable physicochemical microenvironment for enzymes has recently emerged as an effective strategy to improve their catalytic performance. In this review, we discuss four microenvironmental effects according to the mechanism of action: localizing and excluding reactants and regulators, regulating microenvironmental pH, creating a water-like microenvironment, and increasing the local temperature. These mechanisms are enzyme-independent and can in principle be used in combination to tailor enzyme behaviors, offering new approaches to enabling, enhancing, and regulating enzyme catalysis in diverse applications without the need for genetic engineering. 相似文献
66.
Jon Hills Jason Lines Edgaras Baranauskas James Mapp Anthony Bagnall 《Data mining and knowledge discovery》2014,28(4):851-881
Time-series classification (TSC) problems present a specific challenge for classification algorithms: how to measure similarity between series. A shapelet is a time-series subsequence that allows for TSC based on local, phase-independent similarity in shape. Shapelet-based classification uses the similarity between a shapelet and a series as a discriminatory feature. One benefit of the shapelet approach is that shapelets are comprehensible, and can offer insight into the problem domain. The original shapelet-based classifier embeds the shapelet-discovery algorithm in a decision tree, and uses information gain to assess the quality of candidates, finding a new shapelet at each node of the tree through an enumerative search. Subsequent research has focused mainly on techniques to speed up the search. We examine how best to use the shapelet primitive to construct classifiers. We propose a single-scan shapelet algorithm that finds the best $k$ shapelets, which are used to produce a transformed dataset, where each of the $k$ features represent the distance between a time series and a shapelet. The primary advantages over the embedded approach are that the transformed data can be used in conjunction with any classifier, and that there is no recursive search for shapelets. We demonstrate that the transformed data, in conjunction with more complex classifiers, gives greater accuracy than the embedded shapelet tree. We also evaluate three similarity measures that produce equivalent results to information gain in less time. Finally, we show that by conducting post-transform clustering of shapelets, we can enhance the interpretability of the transformed data. We conduct our experiments on 29 datasets: 17 from the UCR repository, and 12 we provide ourselves. 相似文献
67.
Jason Crampton Michael Huth Jim Huan-Pu Kuo 《International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer (STTT)》2014,16(1):31-48
Many business processes are modeled as workflows, which often need to comply with business rules, legal requirements, and authorization policies. Workflow satisfiability is the problem of determining whether there exists a workflow instance that realizes the workflow specification while simultaneously complying with such constraints. This problem has already been studied by the computer security community, with the development of algorithms and the study of their worst-case complexity. These solutions are often tailored to a particular workflow model and are, therefore, of little or no use in analyzing different models; their worst-case complexities are likely to be an unreliable judge of their feasibility; and they lack support for other forms of analysis such as the determination of the smallest number of users required to satisfy a workflow specification. We propose model checking of an NP-complete fragment $\mathsf{LTL }(\mathsf{F })$ of propositional linear-time temporal logic as an alternative solution. We report encodings in LTL(F) that can compute a set of solutions (thus deciding satisfiability), compute minimal user bases and a safe bound on the resiliency of satisfiability under the removal of users. These theoretical contributions are validated through detailed experiments whose results attest to the viability of our proposed approach. 相似文献
68.
Theerythro andthreo isomers of methyl 9,10-dihydroxyoctadecanoate and thethreo isomer of methyl 12,13-dihydroxy-cis-9-octadecenoate were converted into methylcis- andtrans-9-octadecenoate and methylcis-9,rans-12-octadecadienoate, respectively, by reaction of the dihydroxy ester with triethyl orthoformate to give the 2-ethoxy-1,3-dioxolane
which was thermally decomposed to the unsaturated ester. 相似文献
69.
Henry J. Pownall Joel D. Morrisett James T. Sparrow Louis C. Smith James Shepherd Richard L. Jackson Antonio M. Gotto Jr. 《Lipids》1979,14(4):428-434
The human plasma high density lipoproteins (HDL) are a heterogeneous ensemble of five proteins associated with both neutral
and polar lipids. The sequences of all five proteins are known. ApoA-I and apoA-II are the major protein components; apoC-I,
apoC-II and apoC-III are the minor protein components. All these apoproteins spontaneously recombine with phospholipids to
give stable lipid-protein complexes and freely exchange between the two major HDL subclasses, HDL2 and HDL3. In addition, ApoC-I, apoC-II, and apoC-III exchange between HDL and very low density lipoproteins. Furthermore, certain
HDL apoproteins are activators for plasma enzymes that are important in lipid metabolism. ApoA-I and apoC-I activate lecithin/cholesterol
acyltransferase; apoC-II is an activator of lipoprotein lipase. The regions of apoC-I and apoC-II that are involved in the
activation of these enzymes have been localized with synthetic peptides. Studies of synthetic and native fragments of apoA-II,
apoC-I, apoC-II, and apoC-III as well as model lipid-binding peptides have identified specific regions with structural features
common to lipid-binding proteins. These special properties, which include helical potential, sequences with a critical amphipathic
length, and high hydrophobicity of the nonpolar side of the amphipathic helix, are the determinants of HDL structure and metabolism. 相似文献
70.
Associations between apolipoprotein E genotype and circulating F<Subscript>2</Subscript>-isoprostane levels in humans 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dietrich M Hu Y Block G Olano E Packer L Morrow JD Hudes M Abdukeyum G Rimbach G Minihane AM 《Lipids》2005,40(4):329-334
Apolipoprotein E (apoE), an important determinant of plasma lipoprotein metabolism, has three common alleles (ε2, ε3, and
ε4). Population studies have shown that the risk of diseases characterized by oxidative damage, such as coronary heart disease
and Alzheimer’s disease, is significantly higher in ɛ4 carriers. We evaluated the association between apoE genotypes and plasma
F2-isoprostane levels, an index of lipid peroxidation, in humans. Two hundred seventy-four healthy subjects (104 males, 170
females; 46.9±13.0 yr; 200 whites, 74 blacks; 81 nonsmokers, 64 passive smokers, and 129 active smokers) recruited for a randomized
clinical antioxidant intervention trial were included in this analysis. ApoE genotype was determined by PCR and restriction
enzyme digestion. Free plasma F2-isoprostane was measured by GC-MS. Genotype groups were compared using multiple regression analysis with adjustment for sex,
age, race, smoking status, body mass index, plasma ascorbic acid, and β-carotene. Subjects with ε3/ε4 and ε4/ε4 genotype (ε4-carriers)
and with ε2/ε3 and ε3/ε3 (non-ε4-carriers) were pooled for analysis. In subjects with high cholesterol levels (total cholesterol
above 200 mg/dl), plasma F2-isoprostane levels were 29% higher in ε4 carriers than in non-ε4-carriers (P=0.0056). High-cholesterol subjects that are ε4 carriers have significantly higher levels of lipid peroxidation as assessed
by circulating F2-isoprostane levels. 相似文献