Public Displays of Play: Studying Online Games in Physical Settings

As research on virtual worlds gains increasing attention in educational, commercial, and military domains, a consideration of how player populations are ‘reassembled’ through social scientific data is a timely matter for communication scholars. This paper describes a large‐scale study of virtual worlds in which participants were recruited at public gaming events, as opposed to through online means, and explores the dynamic relationships between players and contexts of play that this approach makes visible. Challenging conventional approaches to quantitatively driven virtual worlds research, which categorizes players based on their involvement in an online game at a particular point in time, this account demonstrates how players' networked gaming activities are contingent on who they are playing with, where, and when.     

Fear Appeals,Message Processing Cues,and Credibility in the Websites of Violent,Ideological, and Nonideological Groups

Ideological groups use the Internet to deliver their messages unhindered by the constraints of traditional media. We examined how ideological groups promote their worldview through their websites. Using the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), this research used trained coders to examine the websites of nonideological groups (n = 37), nonviolent ideological groups (n = 36), and violent ideological groups (n = 32) for credibility, persuasion processing cues, and interactivity factors. Results of this study found that the websites of violent ideological groups use more fear appeals, were less interactive, and were the least credible of the 3 groups. All 3 groups used more central cues than peripheral suggesting they focused on evidence for their arguments rather than emotion.     

耐候性PP的研制

以聚烯烃弹性体（POE）为增韧材料、DICPK为结晶成核剂、BsSO4为无机填充剂，研制了耐候改性PP专用料。结果表明，当POE用量为5份、DICPK用量为0．3份、BaSO4用量为30份时，所得专用料能够满足耐候改性PP专用料的性能要求。     

合同网协议协商机制收敛性与收敛速率分析

针对合同网协议协商机制缺乏问题求解质量与效率分析的情况,设定假设条件,构建马尔可夫链模型,得出了利用目前已有的合同类型无法保证全局收敛的结论.在此基础上,提出了变邻域合同系的概念,通过分析控制方式对收敛性的影响,得出了集中式控制可以保证全局收敛以及分布式控制以概率保证全局收敛的结论,并设计了概率的计算方法.采用Doebin理论,对应用变邻域合同系的收敛速率进行分析,得出了集中式控制收敛速率与分布式控制收敛速率的上下界估计.     

Health benefits of CLA – lessons from pig models in biomedical research

The objective of this review is to highlight the use of pig models for investigating safety, efficacy and the mechanisms of action of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Although CLA elicits positive effects in animal models and in vitro systems, a consistent concern in terms of translational research is that the health benefits observed by using these model systems cannot be extrapolated directly into humans. Conversely, the similarities between pigs and humans make the pig an ideal model for examining the health benefits of dietary supplements, functional foods and nutraceuticals. We have developed pig models of viral and bacterial infection to examine the preventive role of dietary CLA supplementation on virally induced immunosuppression and gut health, respectively. Results from these studies indicate that CLA significantly enhances the immune function while limiting the catabolic effects of uncontrolled immune and inflammatory responses. The scientific findings in pig models and human clinical trials demonstrate that CLA modulates immune responses in pigs and humans. Pig models of immunomodulation represent significant improvements over other animal models and in vitro systems because they mimic more closely the compartmentalization of the human immune system and the clinical presentation of human infectious, immune and inflammatory diseases.     

Na_2O-TeO_2系统玻璃形成液体脆性的研究

通过测量Na2 O -TeO2 系统玻璃转化区的热容曲线 ,对该系统不同成分玻璃形成液体的热力学和动力学脆性进行研究。结果表明 :该系统玻璃形成液体从热力学和动力学综合看脆性程度介于强弱之间 ,为中性偏脆性。随着氧化钠含量的升高 ,玻璃形成液体的脆性增强。用Kissinger方程和Ritland -Bartanev方程 ,得到的在玻璃转变区的结构松弛激活能十分接近。对该系统玻璃形成液体脆性参数的计算也得到该玻璃形成液体脆性分类的相同结果     

Solvent-free oxidation of benzyl alcohol using titania-supported gold–palladium catalysts: Effect of Au–Pd ratio on catalytic performance

The oxidation of benzyl alcohol with molecular oxygen under solvent-free conditions has been investigated using a range of titania-supported Au–Pd alloy catalysts to examine the effect of the Au–Pd ratio on the conversion and selectivity. The catalysts have been compared at high reaction temperature (160 °C) as well as at 100 °C, to determine the effect on selectivity since at lower reaction temperature the range of by-products that are formed are limited. Under these conditions the 2.5 wt.% Au–2.5 wt.% Pd/TiO₂ was found to be the most active catalyst, whereas the Au/TiO₂ catalyst demonstrated the highest selectivity to benzaldehyde. Toluene, formed via either a hydrogen transfer process or an oxygen transfer process, was observed as a major by-product under these forcing conditions.     

Obesity: Prevalence,Theories, Medical Consequences,Management, and Research Directions

Obesity and its associated disorders are a growing epidemic across the world. Many genetic, physiological, and behavioral factors play a role in the etiology of obesity. Diet and exercise are known to play a valuable role in the treatment and prevention of obesity and associated disorders such as hypertension, heart disease, and diabetes. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to examine the prevalence, etiology, consequences, and treatment of obesity.     

Molecular aspects of the transport and toxicity of ochratoxin a

Ochratoxins are a class of naturally occurring compounds produced by several fungi. The most toxic is ochratoxin A (OTA), and occurrence of some human nephropathies and tumors correlate with enhanced OTA exposure. In this Account, the following areas are examined: molecular details of the binding of OTA to human serum albumin (HSA), the influences of binding to HSA on the trans-port of OTA across epithelial cell membranes by organic anion transport proteins, the oxidative activation of OTA, and the formation of OTA adducts with biological molecules. These studies are beginning to provide a detailed chemical model for the trans-port, accumulation, and genotoxic and carcinogenic effects of OTA.     

基于时域激光诱导辐射确定湍流火焰烟黑粒径

对非稳态丙烷湍流火焰中的烟黑粒径进行在线测量.高能脉冲激光直接照射火焰中的烟黑微粒,其受热辐射光谱信号由光电倍增管检测.为降低信号噪音,采用分段平均方法拟合获得烟黑等亚微米量级固体颗粒粒径.所得结果与透射电镜测量结果吻合.通过统计多个激光脉冲下颗粒各粒径值,获得了不同空燃比下丙烷湍流火焰中烟黑粒径分布的变化规律.本方法为非稳态燃烧过程中可吸入颗粒物尺寸分布提供了一种有效的在线监测手段．