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31.
Jens MaßbergJan Schneider 《Theoretical computer science》2011,412(50):6948-6958
We formulate a generalization of the NP-complete rectangle packing problem by parameterizing it in terms of packing density, the ratio of rectangle areas, and the aspect ratio of individual rectangles. Then we show that almost all restrictions of this problem remain NP-complete and identify some cases where the answer to the decision problem can be found in constant time. 相似文献
32.
A. Panning A. K. Al-Hamadi R. Niese B. Michaelis 《Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis》2008,18(3):447-452
In this paper we propose a novel approach for facial feature detection in color image sequences using Haar-like classifiers.
The feature extraction is initialized without manual input and has the capability to fulfill the real time requirement. For
facial expression recognition, we use geometrical measurement and simple texture analysis in detecting facial regions based
on the prior detected facial feature points. For expression classification we used a three layer feed forward artificial neural
network. The efficiency of the suggested approach is demonstrated under real world conditions.
The text was submitted by the authors in English.
Axel Panning was born in Magdeburg, Germany, in 1980. He received his Masters Degree (Dipl.-Ing.) in Computer Science at the University
of Magdeburg, Germany, in 2006. He is currently working on a PhD thesis focusing on image processing, tracking, and pattern
recognition.
Ayoub K. Al-Hamadi was born in Yemen in 1970. He received his Masters Degree (Dipl.-Ing.) in Electrical Engineering and Information Technology
in 1997 and his PhD in Technical Computer Science at the Ottovon-Guericke-University of Magdeburg, Germany, in 2001. Since
2002 he has been Assistant Professor and Junior-Research-Group-Leader at the Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing,
and Communications at the Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg. His research work concentrates on the field of image processing,
tracking analysis, pattern recognition, and artificial neural networks. Dr. Al-Hamadi is the author of more than 60 articles.
Robert Niese was born in Halberstadt, Germany, in 1977. He received his Masters Degree (Dipl.-Ing.) with distinction in computer science
at the Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany, in 2004. He gathered broad experience in several international internship
investigations on medical image and data analysis, including MRI, CT, and EEG. He is currently working at Magdeburg University
on his PhD thesis, which focuses on 3D, image processing, tracking, and pattern recognition. Robert Niese is the author of
more than 15 publications.
Bernd Michaelis was born in Magdeburg, Germany, in 1947. He received a Masters Degree in Electronic Engineering from the Technische Hochschule
Magdeburg in 1971 and his first PhD in 1974. Between 1974 and 1980 he worked at the Technische Hochschule Magdeburg and was
granted a second doctoral degree in 1980. In 1993 he became Professor of Technical Computer Science at the Otto-von-Guericke
University Magdeburg. His research work concentrates on the field of image processing, artificial neural networks, pattern
recognition, processor architectures, and microcomputers. Professor Michaelis is the author of more than 200 papers. 相似文献
33.
The evolution and maintenance of large-scale software systems requires first an understanding of its architecture before delving
into lower-level details. Tools facilitating the architecture comprehension tasks by visualization provide different sets
of configurable, graphical elements to present information to their users. We conducted a controlled experiment that exemplifies
the critical role of such graphical elements when aiming at understanding the architecture. In our setting, a different configuration
of graphical elements had significant influence on program comprehension tasks. In particular, a 63% gain in effectiveness
in architectural analysis tasks was achieved simply by changing the configuration of the graphical elements of the same tool.
Based on the results, we claim that significant effort should be spent on the configuration of architecture visualization
tools and that configurability should be a requirement for such tools.
Jens Knodel is a scientist at the Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering (IESE) in Kaiserslautern, Germany. As an applied researcher in the department “Product Line Architectures” he works in several industrial and research projects in the context of product line engineering and software architectures. His main research interests are architecture compliance checking, software evolution, and architecture reconstruction. Jens Knodel is the architect of the Fraunhofer SAVE tool (the acronym SAVE stands for Software Architecture Evaluation and Visualization). Dirk Muthig heads the division “Software Development” at the Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering (IESE). He has been involved in the definition, development, and transfer of Fraunhofer PuLSE (Product Line Software Engineering) methodology since 1997. Further, he leads the research and technology transfer in the area of “Software and Systems Architecture”. He received a diploma in computer science, as well as a Ph.D., from the Technical University of Kaiserslautern. Matthias Naab is an engineer at the Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering (IESE). He works in the areas of software- and system architectures and product lines. In several industry projects, he was involved in architecture evaluations of large-scale information systems from different industries and customers. To the Fraunhofer SAVE tool, he contributed the visualization component. Matthias Naab received a diploma in computer science from the Technical University of Kaiserslautern in 2005. 相似文献
Matthias Naab (Corresponding author)Email: |
Jens Knodel is a scientist at the Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering (IESE) in Kaiserslautern, Germany. As an applied researcher in the department “Product Line Architectures” he works in several industrial and research projects in the context of product line engineering and software architectures. His main research interests are architecture compliance checking, software evolution, and architecture reconstruction. Jens Knodel is the architect of the Fraunhofer SAVE tool (the acronym SAVE stands for Software Architecture Evaluation and Visualization). Dirk Muthig heads the division “Software Development” at the Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering (IESE). He has been involved in the definition, development, and transfer of Fraunhofer PuLSE (Product Line Software Engineering) methodology since 1997. Further, he leads the research and technology transfer in the area of “Software and Systems Architecture”. He received a diploma in computer science, as well as a Ph.D., from the Technical University of Kaiserslautern. Matthias Naab is an engineer at the Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering (IESE). He works in the areas of software- and system architectures and product lines. In several industry projects, he was involved in architecture evaluations of large-scale information systems from different industries and customers. To the Fraunhofer SAVE tool, he contributed the visualization component. Matthias Naab received a diploma in computer science from the Technical University of Kaiserslautern in 2005. 相似文献
34.
Offshore outsourcing to vendors in foreign countries causes unique challenges which need to be understood and managed effectively.
This paper explores cultural differences in IS offshoring arrangements involving German client organizations that outsource
application development activities to Indian vendors. For this purpose, a research framework is developed based on both theoretical
considerations and specific empirical observations from multiple case studies. The goal is to (1) explore the nature of cultural
differences in offshore outsourcing arrangements in depth and to (2) analyze the relationship between those cultural differences
and offshore outsourcing success. Based on the case findings, implications and practices for the management of offshore development
projects are outlined. The results indicate that cultural differences in terms of power distance, IS designer values, and
an active versus passive working attitude critically affect several dimensions of relationship quality, thereby influencing
offshore outsourcing success. A clear definition of roles and mechanisms, strong leadership, and an active management of culture
by adapting to either the client’s or the vendor’s national culture appeared to be effective ways to manage cultural differences.
相似文献
Armin HeinzlEmail: |
35.
36.
Helmut Neukirchen Benjamin Zeiss Jens Grabowski 《International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer (STTT)》2008,10(4):309-326
Experience with the development and maintenance of large test suites specified using the Testing and Test Control Notation (TTCN-3) has shown that it is difficult to construct tests that are concise with respect to quality aspects such as maintainability
or usability. The ISO/IEC standard 9126 defines a general software quality model that substantiates the term “quality” with
characteristics and subcharacteristics. The domain of test specifications, however, requires an adaption of this general model.
To apply it to specific languages such as TTCN-3, it needs to be instantiated. In this paper, we present an instantiation
of this model as well as an approach to assess and improve test specifications. The assessment is based on metrics and the
identification of code smells. The quality improvement is based on refactoring. Example measurements using our TTCN-3 tool
TRex demonstrate how this procedure is applied in practise.
B. Zeiss is supported by a Ph.D. scholarship from Siemens AG, Corporate Technology. 相似文献
37.
Equality and subtyping of recursive types were studied in the 1990s by Amadio and Cardelli; Kozen, Palsberg, and Schwartzbach; Brandt and Henglein; and others. Potential applications include automatic generation of bridge code for multilanguage systems and type-based retrieval of software modules from libraries. In this paper, we present an efficient decision procedure for a notion of type equality that includes unfolding of recursive types, and associativity and commutativity of product types. Advocated by Auerbach, Barton, and Raghavachari, these properties enable flexible matching of types. For two types of size at most n, our algorithm takes O(n) iterations each of which takes O(n) time, for a total of O(n2) time. 相似文献
38.
Kriger J Schneider J Westermann R 《IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics》2006,12(5):941-948
Volume rendered imagery often includes a barrage of 3D information like shape, appearance and topology of complex structures, and it thus quickly overwhelms the user. In particular, when focusing on a specific region a user cannot observe the relationship between various structures unless he has a mental picture of the entire data. In this paper we present ClearView, a GPU-based, interactive framework for texture-based volume ray-casting that allows users which do not have the visualization skills for this mental exercise to quickly obtain a picture of the data in a very intuitive and user-friendly way. ClearView is designed to enable the user to focus on particular areas in the data while preserving context information without visual clutter. ClearView does not require additional feature volumes as it derives any features in the data from image information only. A simple point-and-click interface enables the user to interactively highlight structures in the data. ClearView provides an easy to use interface to complex volumetric data as it only uses transparency in combination with a few specific shaders to convey focus and context information. 相似文献
39.
Humans manage to adapt learned movements very quickly to new situations by generalizing learned behaviors from similar situations. In contrast, robots currently often need to re-learn the complete movement. In this paper, we propose a method that learns to generalize parametrized motor plans by adapting a small set of global parameters, called meta-parameters. We employ reinforcement learning to learn the required meta-parameters to deal with the current situation, described by states. We introduce an appropriate reinforcement learning algorithm based on a kernelized version of the reward-weighted regression. To show its feasibility, we evaluate this algorithm on a toy example and compare it to several previous approaches. Subsequently, we apply the approach to three robot tasks, i.e., the generalization of throwing movements in darts, of hitting movements in table tennis, and of throwing balls where the tasks are learned on several different real physical robots, i.e., a Barrett WAM, a BioRob, the JST-ICORP/SARCOS CBi and a Kuka KR?6. 相似文献
40.