Discovery by Minimal Length Encoding: A Case Study in Molecular Evolution

We apply the Minimal Length Encoding Principle to formalize inference about the evolution of macromolecular sequences. The Principle is shown to imply a combination of Weighted Parsimony and Compatibility methods that have long been used by biologists because of their good practical performance. The background assumptions are expressed as an encoding scheme for the observed data and as heuristic rules for selection of diagnostic positions in the sequences. The Principle was applied to discover new subfamilies of Alu sequences, the most numerous family of repetitive DNA sequences in the human genome.     

Über die morphologie von emulsions-PVC

Some aspects of the morphology of emulsion-type PVC are described, particularly: appearance, surface character and size distribution of grain of selected industrial types of PVC. The morphological investigations are related to plastisole viscosity.     

The effect of molybdenum upon the transformations in the matrix of high-speed steels during austenitizing and quenching

Analysis of the transformations during austenitizing and quenching on model alloys imitating, by means of chemical composition, the matrices of the quenched high-speed steels of various relations Mo/W. Analysis of the volume percentage of carbides, grain size, the temperature of the beginning of partial meltings and retained austenite. Results of the model alloy tests in comparison with the high-speed steels of the 18-0-1 and 6-5-2 types.     

Gas sulphonitriding

A new thermochemical treatment, gas sulphonitriding, is described and comparative tests with the Sulfinuz and Tenifer processes are reported. Applications of the new processes are outlined. The tribological properties of gas-sulphonitrided specimens were superior to those of Tenifer-treated specimens and comparable with those of Sulfinuz-treated specimens.     

Grafting of ethyl α-cyanacrylate on poly(vinyl alcohol)

Because hydrophilic copolymers containing cyanacrylate elements should be useful as components of adhesives in surgery, the conditions of grafting of ethyl α-cyanacrylate on poly(vinyl alcohol) were studied. Two anthraquinone derivatives were applied as sensitizers in UV-initiated grafting; 2,6-disulfoanthraquinone sodium salt proved to be especially efficient. IR spectra and derivatograms of poly(vinyl alcohol-g-ethyl α-cyanacrylate) are described.