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排序方式: 共有730条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Jesse T. Cherian David G. Castner Robert M. Fisher 《Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance》2002,11(6):603-609
Disbonded lap-shear specimens were analyzed to determine the locus of failure within bonded titanium (Ti) sol-gel polyimide
joints. Bonded Ti alloys are being evaluated for use at an operating temperature of 175 °C. Determining the locus of failure
for bonded Ti lap-shear specimens is part of a larger effort to develop durable, environmentally safe surface treatments for
Ti alloys. Surface-treated Ti alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) plates are bonded in a standard lap-shear specimen configuration and exposed
to temperature for specified intervals. The lap-shear bond joint consists of two etched Ti panels coated with a silicon and
zirconium containing sol-gel, primed with a polyimide, and then bonded together with adhesive and supporting scrim material.
The lap-shear specimens are tested for overall strength and failure modes. Specimens with adhesive failure modes were examined
with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to determine the composition of the bond joint failure layer. Analysis shows that
the failure was located closer to the sol-gel/polyimide interface than to the Ti/sol-gel interface. Transmission electron
micrographs (TEM) of the cross-sectioned joint confirmed the chemical distribution determined from the XPS data. 相似文献
72.
Bo Cheng Jesse Roll Yun Liu Daniel R. Troolin Xinyan Deng 《Journal of the Royal Society Interface》2014,11(91)
Flapping wings continuously create and send vortices into their wake, while imparting downward momentum into the surrounding fluid. However, experimental studies concerning the details of the three-dimensional vorticity distribution and evolution in the far wake are limited. In this study, the three-dimensional vortex wake structure in both the near and far field of a dynamically scaled flapping wing was investigated experimentally, using volumetric three-component velocimetry. A single wing, with shape and kinematics similar to those of a fruitfly, was examined. The overall result of the wing action is to create an integrated vortex structure consisting of a tip vortex (TV), trailing-edge shear layer (TESL) and leading-edge vortex. The TESL rolls up into a root vortex (RV) as it is shed from the wing, and together with the TV, contracts radially and stretches tangentially in the downstream wake. The downwash is distributed in an arc-shaped region enclosed by the stretched tangential vorticity of the TVs and the RVs. A closed vortex ring structure is not observed in the current study owing to the lack of well-established starting and stopping vortex structures that smoothly connect the TV and RV. An evaluation of the vorticity transport equation shows that both the TV and the RV undergo vortex stretching while convecting downwards: a three-dimensional phenomenon in rotating flows. It also confirms that convection and secondary tilting and stretching effects dominate the evolution of vorticity. 相似文献
73.
Natural gas transmission systems often involve a pressure reduction process that does not make use of the mechanical exergy available in the gas. A moderate fraction of this work potential can be extracted using turbo-machinery. This paper quantifies the energy that can be extracted from various pressure reduction facilities using an expander coupled to an electric generator. Produced electricity can either be routed back into the electric distribution grid or used to produce small amounts of hydrogen. A problem with this process is the variable nature of the gas flow rate entering the facility. For the pressure reduction station data used in this study, the gas flow rate may drop to below one quarter of the peak, reducing the efficiency and production rates of the coupled components. A model has been created to analyze these seasonal variations and to produce generalized functions that allow the hydrogen production potential of any pressure reduction facility to be approximated. If the coupled technologies operate at their assumed peak efficiencies, then electricity can be extracted from the pressure reduction with 75% exergetic efficiency and hydrogen can be produced with 45% exergetic efficiency. 相似文献
74.
Nguyen MM Mung J Yen JT 《IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control》2011,58(1):112-121
In this paper, we propose a modified electronic Fresnel-based beamforming method for low-cost portable ultrasound systems. This method uses a unique combination of analog and digital beamforming methods. Two versions of Fresnel beamforming are presented in this paper: 4-phase (4 different time delays or phase shifts) and 8-phase (8 different time delays or phase shifts). The advantage of this method is that a system with 4 to 8 transmit channels and 2 receive channels with a network of switches can be used to focus an array with 64 to 128 elements. The simulation and experimental results show that Fresnel beamforming image quality is comparable to traditional delay-and-sum (DAS) beamforming in terms of spatial resolution and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) under certain system parameters. With an f-number of 2 and 50% signal bandwidth, the experimental lateral beamwidths are 0.54, 0.67, and 0.66 mm and the axial pulse lengths are 0.50, 0.51, and 0.50 mm for DAS, 8-phase, and 4-phase Fresnel beamforming, respectively. The experimental CNRs are 4.66, 4.42, and 3.98, respectively. These experimental results are in good agreement with simulation results. 相似文献
75.
We study the effect of polarized laser annealing on the crystalline structure of individual crystalline-amorphous core-shell silicon nanowires (NWs) using Raman spectroscopy. The crystalline fraction of the annealed spot increases dramatically from 0 to 0.93 with increasing incident laser power. We observe Raman lineshape narrowing and frequency hardening upon laser annealing due to the growth of the crystalline core, which is confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The anti-Stokes:Stokes Raman intensity ratio is used to determine the local heating temperature caused by the intense focused laser, which exhibits a strong polarization dependence in Si NWs. The most efficient annealing occurs when the laser polarization is aligned along the axis of the NWs, which results in an amorphous-crystalline interface less than 0.5 μm in length. This paper demonstrates a new approach to control the crystal structure of NWs on the sub-micron length scale. 相似文献
76.
Martyn A. McLachlan David W. McComb Mary P. Ryan Anna N. Morozovska Eugene A. Eliseev E. Andrew Payzant Stephen Jesse Katyayani Seal Arthur P. Baddorf Sergei V. Kalinin 《Advanced functional materials》2011,21(5):802-802
We describe the characterization, ferroelectric phase stability and polarization switching in strain‐free assemblies of PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3 (PZT) nanostructures. The 3‐dimensionally ordered macroporous structures present uniquely large areas and volumes of PZT where the microstructure is spatially modulated and the composition is homogeneous. Variable temperature powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies show that the global structure is crystalline and tetragonal at room temperature and undergoes a reversible tetragonal to cubic phase transition on heating/cooling. The measured phase‐transition temperature is 50–60 °C lower than bulk PZT of the same composition. The local ferroelectric properties were assessed using piezoresponse force spectroscopy that reveal an enhanced piezoresponse from the nanostructured films and demonstrate that the switching polarization can be spatially mapped across these structures. An enhanced piezoresponse is observed in the nanostructured films which we attribute to the formation of strain free films, thus for the first time we are able to assess the effects of crystallite‐size independently of internal stress. Corresponding polarization distributions have been calculated for the bulk and nanostructured materials using a direct variational method and Landau‐Ginzburg‐Devonshire (LGD) theory. By correlating local and global characterization techniques we have for the first time unambiguously demonstrated the formation of tetragonal and ferroelectric PZT in large volume nanostructured architectures. With the wide range of materials available that can be formed into such controlled architectures we conclude that this study opens a pathway for the effective studies of nanoscale ferroelectrics in uniquely large volumes. 相似文献
77.
Isabella S. Romero Nathan P. Bradshaw Jesse D. Larson Sean Y. Severt Sandra J. Roberts Morgan L. Schiller Janelle M. Leger Amanda R. Murphy 《Advanced functional materials》2014,24(25):3866-3873
Single‐component, metal‐free, biocompatible, electromechanical actuator devices are fabricated using a composite material composed of silk fibroin and poly(pyrrole) (PPy). Chemical modification techniques are developed to produce free‐standing films with a bilayer‐type structure, with unmodified silk on one side and an interpenetrating network (IPN) of silk and PPy on the other. The IPN formed between the silk and PPy prohibits delamination, resulting in a durable and fully biocompatible device. The electrochemical stability of these materials is investigated through cyclic voltammetry, and redox sensitivity to the presence of different anions is noted. Free‐end bending actuation performance and force generation within silk‐PPy composite films during oxidation and reduction in a biologically relevant environment are investigated in detail. These silk–PPy composites are stable to repeated actuation, and are able to generate forces comparable with natural muscle (>0.1 MPa), making them ideal candidates for interfacing with biological tissues. 相似文献
78.
Jesse Galloway 《中国集成电路》2014,23(9):72-76
高功耗封装的传热设计需要精确地测量热由芯片结面传到IC封装外壳的热阻值,即θ_(jc)值,用以设计合适的外接散热器。对于热阻值较小的封装来说,由于难以精确获得封装外壳温度值,θ_(jc)的测量和确定具有相当的挑战性。本文研究了四种封装外壳温度的测量方法,包括光测量,弹簧接触,冷板中嵌入热电偶,和热电偶粘贴到封装外壳等方法。测试结果表明,不准确的封装外壳温度测量会导致较大的θ_(jc)的误差。我们开发了一种温度校正标准装置来比较各种测试方法的误差。结果表明,弹簧接触式和光测试方法在测试封装外壳温度时所需的修正较小。 相似文献
79.
80.
The city of Melbourne, Australia is experiencing a water crisis with potable water storage reservoirs at an all time low. With increasing urbanisation there is an ever increasing need to research and explore sustainable water management initiatives. There is potential to minimise the negative impacts of stormwater runoff and augment dwindling supplies of potable water through adoption of pervious paving technology. The traditional approach to stormwater management has focused on constructing drainage networks to carry stormwater away from developed areas as quickly as possible to avoid the risk of flooding. The main aim of this research project was to establish relationships between rainfall intensity, infiltration rate and pervious pavement runoff and to examine the improvement to stormwater quality after infiltrating through pervious pavements. This paper describes the laboratory experiment set-up to determine the infiltration patterns and stormwater quality improvement for simulated storms precipitating on pervious pavements. Next, the scaling-up of the experimental rig to a field-based trial is explained. Preliminary results from this work are presented to demonstrate the potential benefits of pervious pavements in the Australian landscape. 相似文献