Melatonin Is Neuroprotective in Escherichia coli Meningitis Depending on Intestinal Microbiota

Avian meningitis Escherichia coli (E. coli) can cause acute bacterial meningitis which threatens poultry health, causes great economic losses in the poultry industry, and has recently been speculated as a potential zoonotic pathogen. Melatonin can counteract bacterial meningitis-induced disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), neuroinflammation, and reduce mortality. There are increasing data showing that melatonin’s beneficial effects on bacterial meningitis are associated with intestinal microbiota. In this study, our data showed that melatonin alleviated neurological symptoms, enhanced survival rate, protected the integrity of the BBB, reduced the bacterial load in various tissues and blood, and inhibited inflammation and neutrophil infiltration of brain tissue in an APEC TW-XM-meningitis mice model. The results of 16S rRNA showed that melatonin pretreatment significantly maintained the composition of intestinal microbiota in APEC-meningitis mice. The abundance and diversity of intestinal microbiota were disturbed in APEC TW-XM-meningitis mice, with a decreased ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides and an increased the abundance of Proteobacteria. Melatonin pretreatment could significantly improve the composition and abundance of harmful bacteria and alleviate the decreased abundance of beneficial bacteria. Importantly, melatonin failed to affect the meningitis neurologic symptoms caused by APEC TW-XM infection in antibiotic-pretreated mice. In conclusion, the results suggest that melatonin can effectively prevent meningitis induced by APEC TW-XM infection in mice, depending on the intestinal microbiota. This finding is helpful to further explore the specific target mechanism of melatonin-mediated intestinal microbiota in the prevention of and protection against Escherichia coli meningitis.     

Differential Fault Attack on GIFT

GIFT,a lightweight block cipher proposed at CHES2017,has been widely cryptanalyzed this years.This paper studies the differential diffusion characteristics of round function of GIFT at first,and proposes a random nibble-based differential fault attack.The key recovery scheme is developed on the statistical properties we found for the differential distribution table of the S-box.A lot of experiments had been done and experimental results show that one round key can be retrieved with an average of 20.24 and 44.96 fault injections for GIFT-64 and GIFT-128 respectively.Further analysis shows that a certain number of fault injections recover most key bits.So we demonstrate an improved fault attack combined with the method of exhaustive search,which shows that the master key can be recovered by performing 216 and 217 computations and injecting 31 and 32 faults on an average for GIFT-64 and GIFT-128 respectively.     

微波功率对蔓越莓花色苷萃取过程的影响机理

为探究微波萃取条件下,萃取体系内微波能吸收和目标成分的传递机理,本实验针对微波辅助萃取蔓越莓花色苷的过程进行研究.依据电磁理论,建立萃取液微波能吸收模型,分析介电特性与萃取液微波能吸收规律;依据质量守恒和能量守恒定律,建立萃取体系内花色苷传热传质模型,分析微波萃取体系内的温度和花色苷提取量分布和变化规律;通过扫描电子显...     

转基因甜菜GTSB77品系特异性实时荧光聚合酶链式反应检测方法建立

目的 为实现转基因甜菜GTSB77的标识管理,建立其品系特异性实时荧光聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测方法。方法 针对GTSB77的3′端外源插入片段与甜菜基因组DNA之间的邻接区序列设计引物和探针,建立GTSB77品系特异性实时荧光PCR检测方法,并对该方法的特异性、灵敏度和重复性进行检测。结果 建立的GTSB77检测方法特异性强,定量限(LOQ)为16拷贝,扩增效率为102%,重复性测试结果相对标准偏差(RSD)介于0.21%～1.66%之间。结论 建立的实时荧光PCR方法可应用于GTSB77的鉴定检测。     

电介质中放电图形的计算机模拟

采用有限元法计算了针－平板电极系统的电场分布，考虑放电生长几率与局部电场的随机关系，计算机模拟出放电图形。借此求得分形维数。其结果与Ｂａｒｃｌａｙ的近似符合。证实了当放电几率场的幂指数η变大时，放电图形分枝减少。     

Al掺杂锰酸锂材料在水系锂离子电池中的循环稳定性

水系锂离子电池具有优良的安全性能和高离子导电性等优点,得到了广泛研究.LiMn2O4材料在水系锂离子电池中较差的循环稳定性使其应用受到限制.为了改善这一缺陷,以乙炔黑为模板,采用简单的高温固相法合成了Al掺杂的LiMn2O4材料(LiMn1.9Al0.1O4),并应用于水系锂离子全电池中.实验结果表明,在0.1 A/g...     

应用单光子计数器测量尼龙－11的热释光

本文给出了一种适用于热蜂光测量的单光子计数器，并用该计数器对奇数尼龙－１１薄膜进行了实际测量．结果表明，本计数器完全满足测量微光（光功率＜１０－１５Ｗ）要求．     

合成绝缘子用于三峡工程超高压输电线路的技术经济分析

在发达国家合成绝缘子已作为一项成熟技术广泛用于超高压输电线路，并积累了成功的运行经验。５００ｋＶ交流合成绝缘子和电瓷或玻璃绝缘子的价格相当；５００ｋＶ直流合成绝缘子的价格已明显低于电瓷或玻璃直流绝缘子的价格。合成绝缘子有优异的耐污闪能力，又不存在检测零值绝缘子的问题，可大大减轻线路的运行维护。合成绝缘子的强度高、重量轻，可使输电杆塔的造价降低。三峡工程超高压输电线路若采用合成绝缘子技术，将有明显的     

磁场对水结构的影响

水经过磁场处理后，其内部结构发生变化，使得它的理化特性出现一系列改变。根据提供的实验数据，得出磁场可引起水分子间的部分氢键断裂，使水中出现过量的超氧阴离子基，从而产生有益的生理作用。     

断路器控制回路缺陷在线分析装置的研制

断路器的控制回路具有控制断路器分闸和合闸操作的功能,当控制回路中电缆接线接触不良或松动时,可能导致断路器拒动,影响电网安全稳定运行.为实现控制回路缺陷的在线检测及故障判断,基于控制回路阻抗分析方法研制了断路器控制回路缺陷在线分析装置.利用霍尔电流传感器采集控制回路中流过的电流,通过采集到的电流间接计算出控制回路的阻抗,...