氧化法草酸母液的循环利用

在实验基础上,运用数学解析方法,确定了草酸母液浓缩方案的各参数。对按最佳方案浓缩母液与不循环利用母液的两种情况进行了对比。对母液浓缩过程中的一些问题提出了看法。     

基于数据库的陶瓷材料计算机辅助设计

根据已知文献的数据建立了陶瓷材料性能和组分数据库 ,开发了管理和操纵该数据库的应用程序 ,利用该程序可以查询已知陶瓷材料系统性能与组分的关系 ;建立了基于该数据库的人工神经网络预测模型 ,通过操纵陶瓷材料数据库中相关数据 ,并结合人工神经网络预测模型程序可以预测未知材料系统在给定性能条件下的各相组分 ,预测了Al2 O3 (W ,Ti)C陶瓷材料在两种目标性能下的组分 ,并计算了其预测误差 ,结果表明 ,其实验值与预测值较为吻合。     

臭氧处理对碳纤维表面及其复合材料性能的影响

利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究了碳纤维经臭氧(O3)氧化处理后表面元素组成及表面官能团的变化，结果发现，O3表面处理主要增加了碳纤维表面上的羟基或醚基官能团；研究了表面O3氧化处理对复合材料力学性能的影响，结果表明，碳纤维经O3氧化处理后明显改善了碳纤维与环氧树脂间的界面粘结，其复合材料的层间剪切强度明显提高。     

建筑用高阻燃型硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的研制

以国产聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇和泡沫稳定剂、催化剂、发泡剂等助剂为原料,配以液体阻燃剂制备的组合聚醚与多异氰酸酯反应制得的阻燃型聚氨酯泡沫塑料,其密度为50 kg/m~3,氧指数为32,导热系数低于30 mW/(m·K),压缩强度为310 kPa,满足了建筑阻燃要求。     

Co9S8@CNFs复合材料的制备及其在锂离子电池的应用

静电纺丝是一种使聚合物在高压静电场作用下进行拉伸纺丝的纤维制造工艺。静电纺丝制备方法简单,成本低且易纺出微纳米级的纤维,在材料化学领域被广泛应用。采用硫杂杯芳烃构筑的多硫高核笼簇化合物（Co₄₈）为负载物,以聚丙烯腈（PAN）和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）共混物（PAN/PMMA）为纺丝载体,通过静电纺丝技术,制备了负载Co₉S₈纳米颗粒的碳纳米纤维（Co₉S₈@CNFs）。分别以PAN和PMMA质量比为10∶0、7∶3和5∶5的纺丝载体制备复合物纳米纤维,将其热处理后得到的碳纳米纤维复合材料作为电极材料用于锂离子电池材料的研究。与Co₄₈晶体煅烧的产物相比,PAN和PMMA的加入对最终产物的电化学有促进作用。由PAN和PMMA混合物制备的复合物材料兼具较高比容量、良好循环稳定性以及倍率性能。     

Anionic ring‐opening polymerization of adipic anhydride initiated by potassium poly(ethylene glycol)ate

Poly(adipic anhydride) (PAA) was prepared by the ring‐opening polymerization of adipic anhydride (AA) initiated by potassium poly(ethylene glycol)ate. The effects of various factors, such as the amount of initiator, concentration of the monomer, reaction time and temperature, and polarity of the solvent on the polymerization were investigated. The crude polymerized product was a mixture of PAA homopolymer and poly(ethylene glycol)–poly(adipic anhydride) block copolymer, as confirmed by ¹H‐NMR and gel permeation chromatography. Chain‐transfer reactions occurred intensively for the AA polymerization in both the nonpolar solvent toluene and the polar solvents CHCl₃ and tetrahydrofuran, which predominantly determined the molecular weight and the monomer conversion for the polymerized product. The lower monomer conversion in toluene was ascribed to a lower livingness for the initiator in the nonpolar solvent when compared with other two, polar solvents. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 2194–2201, 2003     

新型铝酸酯光稳定剂的研究

合成了五种新型铝酸酯光稳定剂并对其紫外吸收性能、荧光性能和热稳定性能进行了表征，探讨了光稳定剂结构、相对分子质量与其性能的关系，并验证它们的光稳定性及其在PE—LD中的光氧化稳定作用。还与紫外线吸收剂BAD和Tinuvin327进行了应用比较。     

Water‐soluble/dispersible cationic pressure‐sensitive adhesives. II. Adhesives from emulsion polymerization

In our previous work, we reported that cationic water‐soluble pressure‐sensitive adhesives (PSAs) could be synthesized in ethanol or methanol. These cationic water‐soluble adhesives would not cause a stickies problem during paper recycling and can be easily removed from the papermaking system by adsorbing on wood fibers. In this study we report the synthesis and application of water‐based cationic PSAs using miniemulsion polymerization. A redox initiator system of cumene hydroperoxide/tetraethylenepentamine was used to force interfacial polymerization. The end‐use properties of the PSAs were evaluated, and the repulpability of the PSAs in paper recycling was studied. It was found that the cationic PSA from miniemulsion polymerization itself was insoluble and nondispersible in water during the paper recycling process. However, if this water‐insoluble cationic PSA from miniemulsion was formulated with a water‐soluble cationic PSA made from ethanol, the solubility or dispensability of the former PSA in water was improved. The molecular weight and degree of crosslinking of the PSA polymer have significant effects on the properties and dispersability of PSA. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 347–353, 2004     

Combination of bifunctional aldehydes and poly(vinyl alcohol) as the crosslinking systems to improve paper wet strength

Two bifunctional aldehydes (i.e., glyoxal and glutaraldehyde) are used as the crosslinking agents to improve paper wet strength in the presence of fully hydrolyzed poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a co‐reactant. These bifunctional aldehydes alone improve paper wet strength but diminish its folding endurance. The use of PVA as a co‐reactant not only improves paper wet strength but also increases its dry strength and folding endurance. Glutaraldehyde is able to impart much higher levels of wet strength to the treated paper than glyoxal when a catalyst is present. The wet strength of the treated paper increases as the amount of PVA added is increased, and it also increases as the molecular weight (M_w) of the PVA increases. The data suggest that the reaction between glutaraldehyde and PVA promotes the formation of interfiber crosslinking, thus improving the wet strength without diminishing the flexibility of the treated paper. The use of a catalyst is critical to achieve high levels of durable wet strength of the treated paper. We studied the effects of different Lewis acids as the catalysts for crosslinking of pulp cellulose by glutaraldehyde and found that Zn(NO₃)₂ is the most effective one. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 1673–1680, 2004     

用电去离子方法去除高纯水中硅的研究

研究了电压、pH、流量等因素对EDI去除高纯水中硅的影响,探讨了EDI装置对高纯水中硅的去除机理．并对传统工艺与EDI的除硅效果进行了对比。实验结果表明：在pH、流量等因素不变的情况下,电压的增加有利于EDI对硅的脱除;在电压、流量等因素不变的情况下,EDI对硅的脱除率随着pH的增加先增加,然后有所下降;在电压、pH等因素不变的情况下,流量的增加不利于EDI对硅的脱除。