新型甜味剂N-（对氯苯甲基）-阿斯巴甜的制备研究

为制备新型高倍二肽甜味剂,从甜味机理出发,通过钯碳催化和阿斯巴甜分子选择性催化加氢反应方法,以对氯苯甲醛为原料,研究制备新型高倍甜味剂N-(对氯苯甲基)-阿斯巴甜.结果表明,所得产物由于在阿斯巴甜分子上引入了疏水基团"Cl",甜度大大提高,约为蔗糖的1 500倍.     

丙烯酸填充树脂乳液的改性方法

丙烯酸树脂广泛应用于皮革加工过程中的复鞣、填充和涂饰过程。对目前皮革填充用丙烯酸树脂的改性方法和原理进行综述 ;指出今后皮革填充剂的发展方向。     

含氟复鞣剂研究进展

含氟复鞣剂可以赋予皮革良好的手感、优异的透气性、抗水抗油性、抗污性等性能。阐述了合成含氟复鞣剂用含氟单体和非氟共聚单体的选择及其合成工艺 ,介绍了含氟复鞣剂的研究进展 ,指出含氟复鞣剂今后将会向着高质量、多功能化方向发展     

Free amino acids identification and process optimization in greengage wine fermentation and flavor formation

Greengage wine with low alcohol content is increasing in popularity owing to its fruity taste and rich nutrition. The key to wine aroma and taste is flavor substances like free amino acids (FAAs), volatile fatty acids, higher alcohols, and esters. Amino acid (AA) metabolisms in yeast are an important source of these secondary compounds, which vary with the fermentation conditions. This study explored and optimized the impact of different parameters (carbon source, inoculum, pH, temperature) on FAA contents and dynamics in greengage wine. The results demonstrated that total and essential amino acid (EAA) content rose with a higher proportion of glucose, less yeast inoculation, higher temperature, and higher initial pH. With the results obtained it was concluded that the condition of 22.4°C, pH 4.5, and 3% inoculation was optimum for a 14.9-fold increase of EAAs in fermented greengage wine. In the long run, the research will aid in the development of the greengage brewing industry.     

臭豆腐发酵过程中丙酸形成的机制

为探究臭豆腐发酵过程中丙酸产生的原因及机制,采用宏基因组学对卤水和臭豆腐中微生物组成进行分析鉴定。与丙酸含量极低的“对照卤水”相比,1号臭豆腐卤水中产丙酸的丙酸杆菌属种类和丰度整体上升,其中丙酸杆菌科细菌NML＿160184的丰度上升7.6倍,产酸丙酸杆菌的丰度上升4.7倍,丙酸杆菌＿细菌的丰度上升3.8倍。与2号臭豆腐相比,1号成品豆腐中产丙酸的丙酸杆菌属种类和丰度也显著增加,丙酸杆菌科细菌P6A17的丰度上升59.4倍,未分类丙酸杆菌科的丰度上升54.9倍,丙酸杆菌＿细菌的丰度上升47倍,假丙酸杆菌＿massiliense的丰度上升29.7倍。采用非靶向代谢组学分析卤水中微生物代谢产物和功能,结果发现不同卤水的微生物组成的代谢活动有显著差异,臭豆腐中丙酸水平的差异极有可能是受卤水中微生物的种类和代谢活动的影响。结论：臭豆腐中检出丙酸是因发酵过程中微生物自然产生而非人为添加,不同来源的卤水产丙酸菌的种类和丰度也不同,最后产品的丙酸含量也会呈现显著差异。     

微波消解ICP-AES法测定马奶酒中多种微量元素

采用微波消解ICP-AES法测定了3种马奶酒中Ca、Mg、Mn、Ag、Cd、Cr、As、Zn、Fe、Cu、Ni、Pb、Al、Co、Sr等15种微量元素的含量。结果表明,不同产地的马奶酒中均含有多种微量元素,但各元素的含量有所差异。马奶酒(1#)中Ca含量最高为135.37μg/g,其次是Mg,为25.634μg/g。马奶酒(2#)中Ca含量为101.94μg/g,其次是Mg,为16.969μg/g。马奶酒(3#)中Ca含量为79.648μg/g,其次是Mg,为16.543μg/g。相对标准偏差RSD≤4.31%,检出限≤0.009μg/m L。     

Effect of storage parameters on freeze‐dried kefir grains

The purpose of this study was to use freeze‐drying to preserve microbial activity while extending the shelf life of kefir grains and to determine the best storage temperature. Freeze‐dried kefir grains were lyophilised and were later stored in a multilayer plastic film with a moisture barrier for 90 days at varying temperatures. Microbial activity continued until the 60^th day of storage at 4 °C. PCR analysis was performed to determine Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens as an indicator kefir micro‐organism. It was concluded that the conservation of kefir grains by freeze‐drying protects the natural embedded microbiota; therefore, both the shelf life of kefir grains and the consumption of natural kefir increase.     

临涣煤矿9#煤层回采巷道支护效果的数值模拟分析研究

采用FLAC软件,对临涣煤矿9#“三软”煤层回采巷道的3种支护方式,即工字钢梯形棚、锚杆钢带、梯形棚-锚杆钢带联合支护的支护效果进行了数值模拟分析,提出了适合该煤层工作面回采巷道条件的巷道支护方式。     

Recycle effect on heat transfer enhancement in double-pass parallel-plate heat exchangers under asymmetric wall fluxes

A new design of conjugated heat transfer in double-pass parallel-plate laminar countercurrent operations subjected to asymmetric wall heat fluxes has been investigated theoretically, and the analytical results obtained with superposition model which introduces the an eigenfunction expansion in terms of power series for the homogeneous part and an asymptotic solution for the inhomogeneous part. The influences of the design parameters, the impermeable-sheet position (Δ), and the operating parameters, the mass-transfer Graetz number (Gz), wall heat flux ratio (Q_r) and recycle ratio (R), are examined. The results are represented graphically and compared with those in a single-pass parallel-plate heat exchanger (without inserting an impermeable sheet). Considerable improvement in heat transfer is obtainable by employing such a recyclic double-pass device, instead of using the single-pass one. A technical feasibility of the new double-pass device was investigated in terms of the Nusselt number and device performance improvement under the effect of variable ratio of heat fluxes on both sides. It concluded that a substantial heat-transfer efficiency improvement is achieved by employing such a recyclic device with suitable elections of impermeable-sheet position and recycle ratio.