Multimodal medical image fusion based on discrete Tchebichef moments and pulse coupled neural network

Multimodal medical image fusion plays a vital role in clinical diagnoses and treatment planning. In many image fusion methods‐based pulse coupled neural network (PCNN), normalized coefficients are used to motivate the PCNN, and this makes the fused image blur, detail loss, and decreases contrast. Moreover, they are limited in dealing with medical images with different modalities. In this article, we present a new multimodal medical image fusion method based on discrete Tchebichef moments and pulse coupled neural network to overcome the aforementioned problems. First, medical images are divided into equal‐size blocks and the Tchebichef moments are calculated to characterize image shape, and energy of blocks is computed as the sum of squared non‐DC moment values. Then to retain edges and textures, the energy of Tchebichef moments for blocks is introduced to motivate the PCNN with adaptive linking strength. Finally, large firing times are selected as coefficients of the fused image. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme outperforms state‐of‐the‐art methods and it is more effective in processing medical images with different modalities. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 27, 57–65, 2017     

碳、铈共掺杂改性TiO2负载ACFS复合水净化材料的制备与性能

分别采用偶联法与溶胶-凝胶法制备了碳、铈共掺杂改性TiO<,2>负载活性碳纤维(ACFS)复合水净化材料(Ce,C-TiO<,2>/ACFS).以亚甲基蓝模拟废水的脱色效果为考察目标,对其负载量进行了优化,得出最佳负载率分别为:5.82%和8.41%.扫描电镜(SEM)表征显示:偶联法制备的复合材料中,改性TiO<,2...     

连续式加热炉内钢坯黑印的模拟研究

用数值模拟的方法研究了连续式加热炉内钢坯的加热过程,分析了滑轨结构、滑轨高度和滑轨材质等对钢坯黑印温差的影响,为消除钢坯黑印、提高钢坯加热质量提供了理论依据.结果表明,使用孔桥式全热滑轨时钢坯黑印最小,且随孔洞个数增加,黑印温差逐渐降低;黑印温差与滑轨高度基本呈双曲函数关系,当滑轨达到一定高度时,继续增加轨高对黑印温差的影响已不明显;滑轨材质对钢坯黑印基本无影响.     

Ferroelectric Localized Field–Enhanced ZnO Nanosheet Ultraviolet Photodetector with High Sensitivity and Low Dark Current

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanosheets have demonstrated outstanding electrical and optical properties, which are well suited for ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors. However, they have a high density of intrinsically unfilled traps, and it is difficult to achieve p‐type doping, leading to the poor performance for low light level switching ratio and a high dark current that limit practical applications in UV photodetection. Here, UV photodetectors based on ZnO nanosheets are demonstrated, whose performance is significantly improved by using a ferroelectric localized field. Specifically, the photodetectors have achieved a responsivity of up to 3.8 × 10⁵ A W^?1, a detectivity of 4.4 × 10¹⁵ Jones, and a photocurrent gain up to 1.24 × 10⁶. These device figures of merit are far beyond those of traditional ZnO ultraviolet photodetectors. In addition, the devices' initial dark current can be easily restored after continuous photocurrent measurement by using a positive gate voltage pulse. This study establishes a new approach to produce high‐sensitivity and low‐dark‐current ultraviolet photodetectors and presents a crucial step for further practical applications.     

Mach—Zehnder干涉型光纤弱磁场传感器稳定性的研究

近年来,Mach—zehnder干涉型光纤弱磁场传感器的研究和应用获得了很大的发展,但是,外界环境因素的干扰始终影响着传感器的稳定性。本文选择直流相位跟踪法来保证传感器的稳定性,给出了理论阐述和具体电路。结果表明,该方法很好的消除了外界环境因素的干扰,保证了传感器的稳定性。     

Ti-Al-B合金空心管状初生TiB的生长机制

采用原位自生法制备了Ti-17Al-1.5B复合材料,并用XRD、SEM对复合材料的相组成和微观组织进行了研究。结果表明:该合金由Ti₃Al和TiB两相组成。初生TiB多呈较粗长的空心管状,共晶TiB呈短纤维状。根据晶体生长的固-液界面稳定性理论分析认为:TiB的B27晶体结构和晶体生长过程中的棱边效应导致初生TiB容易生长成空心管状。这是因为,在初生TiB晶体的[010]方向的固-液界面生长至一临界尺寸以后,晶面中心处因扩散受阻(热扩散和溶质扩散)而存在非常大的扩散过冷使晶面中心的台阶停止生长,这时TiB优先在棱边处长大;另外,TiB [010]方向生长速度非常快。二者的共同作用使初生TiB易于长成与 方向一致的空心管状。而共晶TiB则由于径向尺寸很小(呈纤维状),不易于长成空心管状。      

Conductometric chemical sensor based on individual CuO nanowires

CuO nanowires with high crystalline quality are synthesized via a simple thermal oxidation method. Charge conduction on individual nanowires under a transverse electric field exhibits an intrinsic p-type semiconducting behavior. Variations in signal transducer in different chemical gas environments are measured on individual CuO nanowire field effect transistors. They demonstrate good performance to both NO(2) and ethanol gasses. In particular, the nanowire chemical sensor reveals a reverse response to ethanol vapor under temperature variation. Experimental results and first-principles calculations indicate that ethanol is oxidized in air at high temperature, resulting in the production of CO(2) and H(2)O. The strong H(2)O adsorption leads to the reversal behavior, due to the electron transfer from H(2)O molecules to the CuO surface.     

Investigation of small fatigue crack initiation and growth behaviour of nickel base superalloy GH4169

Surface replication method was utilized to monitor the small fatigue crack initiation and growth process of single‐edge‐notch tension specimens fabricated by nickel base superalloy GH4169. Three different stress levels were selected. Results showed that small fatigue cracks of nickel base superalloy GH4169 initiated from grain boundaries or surface inclusions. The small fatigue crack initiation and growth stages took up about 80–90% of the total fatigue life. Multiple major cracks were observed in the notch root, and specimen with more major cracks seemed to have smaller fatigue life under the same test conditions. At the early growth stage, small crack behaviour might be strongly influenced by microstructures; thus, the crack growth rates had high fluctuations. However, the stress level effect on the small fatigue crack growth rates was not distinguishable for the three different stress levels. And no clear differences were found among the crack initiation lives by using replication technique.