A Novel Ion-exchange Method for the Synthesis of Nano-SnO/micro-C Hybrid Structure as High Capacity Anode Material in Lithium Ion Batteries

A novel and simple ion-exchange method was developed for the synthesis of nano-SnO/micro-C hybrid structure. The structure of the as prepared nano-SnO/micro-C was directly revealed by scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）.SnO particles with the size about 25 nm were well confined in amorphous carbon microparticles.Carbon matrix in micrometer scale not only acts as a protective buffer for the SnO nanoparticles during the battery cycling processes,but also avoids the shortcomings of nanostructures, such as low tap density and potential safety threats.Electrochemical behaviors of the nano-SnO/micro-C were tested as anode material in lithium ion batteries.The initial reversible capacity is 508 mA h g^-1,and the reversible capacity after 60 cycles is 511 mA h g^-1,indicating good capacity retention ability.     

Effect of high power ultrasonic treatment on whey protein foaming quality

High power ultrasonic energy at 20%, 40% and 60% amplitude was applied on whey protein suspension at concentrations of 100, 150 and 200 g kg^?1 for 5, 15 and 25 min to improve its foaming quality. Ultrasound‐treated whey protein suspension at 200 g kg^?1 showed improvement in terms of increased foaming capacity by 18%, foam stability by 35%, consistency index by 18%, storage modulus by 17%, loss modulus by 26% and viscosity by 21% compared with untreated whey protein. For maximally ultrasound‐treated samples of 60% amplitude treated for 25 min, the improved whey protein foams also had a 46% increase in the number of more evenly distributed fine bubbles which had a size smaller than 0.0025 mm³ as imaged using X‐ray microtomography.     

Continuous reduction of the oxide scale of hot-rolled steel strip in hydrogen

The continuous reduction in the oxide scale of hot-rolled steel strip in H₂–N₂ atmosphere was simulated in laboratory. Scale specimens were reduced in 20% H₂–N₂ or 50% H₂–N₂ atmosphere. The sample weight losses were measured after soaking at 550, 700 and 800°C. In both atmospheres, specimen reduced at 700°C showed the minimum weight loss after soaking for 240?s. At 700 and 800°C, higher hydrogen concentration accelerated the reaction in the beginning of soaking, but had little effect once the dense-reduced iron layer formed. While at 550°C, the reduced iron kept growing in porous structure and the weight loss rate increased significantly in higher H₂ concentration.     

水下设备自测环境参数实时分析软件

利用MATLAB图形用户界面实时分析水下载体自测参数,对其自测数据进行存储和可视化处理,实现水下载体航行区域自测参数变化趋势的直观显示,为决策者提供水下载体活动区域最直观、准确的海洋环境要素,发挥重要的辅助决策作用.     

Meticulously tailoring phase boundary in KNN-based ceramics to enhance piezoelectricity and temperature stability

Although KNN-based ceramics with high electrical properties are obtained through a variety of strategies, the temperature sensitivity is still one of the key technical bottlenecks hindering practical applications. Here, we use a new strategy, meticulously tailoring phase boundary, to refine the ferroelectric boundary of KNN-based ceramics, leading to high piezoelectricity companied with improving temperature stability. The highest d₃₃ value in this system reaches 501 pC/N with a T_C ∼ 240°C, whereas a large strain of ∼0.134% can be kept with 10% lower deterioration until 100°C. The origin of high piezoelectricity is mainly attributed to the well-preserved multiphase coexistence and the appearance of nanodomains, which greatly facilitate the polarization rotation. Instead of the changed intrinsic thermal insensitivity, the precision phase boundary engineering plays an important role in strengthening the temperature stability of electric-induced strain. This work provides a simple and effective method to obtain both high electrical properties and excellent thermal stability in KNN-based ceramics, which is expected to promote the practical applications in the future.     

In vivo degradation and tissue compatibility of ZK60 magnesium alloy with micro-arc oxidation coating in a transcortical model

Magnesium alloys were studied extensively as a class of biodegradable metallic materials for medical applications. In the present study, ZK60 magnesium alloy was considered as a candidate and the micro-arc oxidation (MAO) treatment was adopted in order to reduce the degradation rate of the alloy. The in vivo degradation behaviors and biological compatibilities of ZK60 alloys with and without MAO treatment were studied with a transcortical model in rabbits. The implant and the surrounding bone tissues were characterized by CT, SEM and histological methods at 2, 4 and 12 weeks after the implantation. The results demonstrated that both the bare and MAO-coated ZK60 alloys completely degraded within 12 weeks in this animal model. The MAO coating decreased the degradation rate of ZK60 alloy and enhanced the response of the surrounding tissues within the first 2 weeks. After then, an acceleration of the degradation of the MAO-coated ZK60 alloy was observed. It was found that the alloy could be degraded before the complete degradation of the MAO coating, leading to the local peeling off of the coating. An in vivo degradation mechanism of the MAO-coated ZK60 alloy was proposed based on the experimental results. The severe localized degradation caused by the peeling off of the MAO coating was the main reason for the acceleration of the degradation of the MAO-coated ZK60 alloy.     

Application of genetic algorithm for fuzzy rules optimization on semi expert judgment automation using Pittsburg approach

Genetic algorithm is well-known of its best heuristic search method. Fuzzy logic unveils the advantage of interpretability. Genetic fuzzy system exploits potential of optimization with ease of understanding that facilitates rules optimization. This paper presents the optimization of fourteen fuzzy rules for semi expert judgment automation of early activity based duration estimation in software project management. The goal of the optimization is to reduce linguistic terms complexity and improve estimation accuracy of the fuzzy rule set while at the same time maintaining a similar degree of interpretability. The optimized numbers of linguistic terms in fuzzy rules by 27.76% using simplistic binary encoding mechanism managed to improve accuracy by 14.29% and reduce optimization execution time by 6.95% without compromising on interpretability in addition to promote improvement of knowledge base in fuzzy rule based systems.     

The geochemistry of trace elements in marine oil shales and their combustion residues: Occurrence and environmental aspects

With the aim of better understanding geochemistry of trace elements in marine oil shale and its combustion residues, 23 raw samples, 17 oil shale combustion residues, and 18 selected minerals from Bilong Co oil shale are studied. Potentially hazardous trace elements in raw samples include As, B, Cd, Mo, and Se, while Se, Mo, Cd, As, Bi, and U are potentially hazardous trace elements in combustion residues. As is controlled mainly by Fe-bearing minerals. B occurs mainly in clay minerals. Cd is enriched mainly in calcite. Mo is controlled mainly by organic matter. Se is mainly controlled by P-bearing minerals.     

某大型繁忙机场跑道大修工程设计分析

以虹桥机场东跑道大修工程为例,阐述了大修方案提出的技术依据和基础条件,介绍了方案设计中应重点考虑的关键因素,论证了所拟方案的技术合理性,最终形成完整的大修技术方案,为类似工程方案设计提供了参考。     

城市道路隔离护栏清洗技术研究

通过分析护栏污渍的微细成分、分布与动态变化规律,探索了适应工况面的可提高效果及效率的清洗途径。工况试验表明,清洗车优选行进速度为1.9～7.5 km/h,滚刷优选直径为500～600 mm,优选转速为350～500 r/min。针对顽固污渍与深度污染护栏,以四滚刷垂直对夹为框架,通过序配高压水湿润、低压水前喷刷、扫毛刷洗、低压水后喷刷、高压水冲洗的加强清洗模式进行清洗,可使其清洁度提高5%～7%。