Dynamics Response and Non-linear Characteristics Analysis of Complex Planar 2-DOF Mechanism with Revolute Clearances

二自由度含回转间隙九杆机构的动力学响应及非线性特性分析

陈修龙 潘鹏

（山东科技大学 机械电子工程学院,山东 青岛,266590）

创新点说明：

现有研究主要集中在单间隙的单自由度机构上,而考虑多间隙多自由度的机构研究较少,本文以含双间隙具有两个自由度的新型九杆机构为对象,该机构中的三角板处于摆杆位置,其承载能力较大,可作为多连杆压力机的主体机构,对此机构进行了系统的动态响应研究,分析了机构在不同间隙位置、间隙值和间隙数下的动态响应;当前针对机构混沌现象的研究较少,本文也着重研究了转动副间隙处的混沌现象,分析了其非线性特性,并利用相图和庞加莱映射图对其混沌现象进行了识别,给出了不同间隙值和驱动速度下的分岔图。

研究目的：

由于制造、装配误差和磨损等原因,机构中必然存在间隙,降低了机构的使用寿命和工作精度,对平面机构的动态响应有很大影响。通过本文研究可较准确地预测含间隙九杆机构的动力学特性,为机构的间隙设计、混沌控制和可靠性设计奠定基础。

研究方法：

首先,采用L-N模型建立了机构的法向接触力模型,利用改进的库仑摩擦模型建立了机构的切向摩擦模型,利用拉格朗日方程建立了多间隙平面机构的动力学方程。然后,利用MATLAB软件分析了含多间隙九杆机构在不同间隙数、不同间隙值和不同位置下的动力学特性。最后,利用庞加莱映射和分岔图研究了机构在不同间隙值和不同驱动速度下的非线性动力学特性。

研究结果：

随着间隙值的增大,含多间隙九杆机构的动态响应峰值和振动频率增大,间隙处的轴心轨迹变得更加混乱,机构的输出精度降低。随着间隙数的增加,机构的动态响应峰值和振动频率增大,输出精度降低。随着间隙值的增大,机构的运动由周期状态变为混沌状态。随着驱动速度的增大,机构的混沌现象更加明显。

结论：

1）采用L-N模型建立机构的法向接触力模型,利用改进的库仑摩擦模型建立机构的切向摩擦模型。通过拉格朗日乘子法,建立了改进的动力学模型。

2）分析不同间隙位置、间隙值和间隙数对机构动态响应的影响。不同位置间隙对机构动态响应的影响不同。随着间隙值的增大,机构的动态响应峰值和振动频率增大,间隙处的轴轨迹变得更加混乱,机构的输出精度降低。随着间隙数的增加,机构的动态响应峰值和振动频率增大,输出精度降低。其为机构间隙的选择和设计提供了可靠的依据。

3） 研究不同间隙和驱动速度对间隙接头处非线性特性的影响。利用相图和庞加莱映射图分析机构中的混沌现象,得到不同间隙值和不同驱动速度下的分岔图。结果表明,随着间隙值的增大,机构的运动由周期状态变为混沌状态。合理的间隙值有利于机构的稳定。随着驱动速度的提高,机构的混沌现象更加明显。因此,适当降低驱动速度也有利于提高机构的稳定性。

关键词：平面连杆机构;转动间隙;动态响应;非线性特性;混沌现象

     

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