The Effect of processing on the content and composition of free sterols and sterol esters in soybean oil

The content and composition of free sterols and sterol esters in crude soybean oil and in oils from different stages of two continuous refining systems were determined. The sterols were isolated by preparative thin layer chromatography and analyzed by gas chromatography with cholesterol as an internal standard. The free sterols in one of the degummed oils amounted to 3.1 mg/g and were diminished to 1.8 mg/g oil by the De Laval Short-Mix refining process. The content of free sterols of the other degummed oil was reduced from 3.4 to 1.6 mg/g oil by the Zenith process. The greatest reduction of sterol content was caused by the treatment with bleaching earth. The sterol esters accounted for 0.6 mg/g of the degummed oil, and only very small changes were observed during the processes. However, changes in the composition of fatty acids of the sterol esters were found. These changes might indicate a selective deacylation of sterol esters or an interesterification during the refining processes. The composition of sterols in free and esterified form were different. Campesterol, stigmasterol and sitosterol were obtained in both free and esterified form, but Δ7 stigmasterol was only found in esterified form. Only small changes in the percentage distribution of the sterols occurred during the processes. Present adress Food Technology Division, ALFA-LAVAL,S-14700 Tumba, Sweden     

重庆农村不同家庭能源消费研究

通过对重庆农村不同经济收入家庭的能源消费结构及消费指标的调查分析,得出重庆农村家庭能源消费结构与经济收入具有密切的相关性:随着人均收入的提高,农民生活的改善,薪柴、秸秆的使用比例降低,煤炭、电、液化气等商品能源的使用比例提高,能源消费结构趋于合理.农民收入较低是导致农村能源结构不合理的一个重要因素.实行农业产业化结构调整,增加农民收入是改善和优化农村能源结构的关键.     

聚氯乙烯生产中关键工序的危险因素分析和控制措施

总结了氯乙烯合成与聚合工序的生产装置和工艺过程中的危险因素及安全控制措施。     

甲磺酸倍他司汀片的离子色谱法测定

甲磺酸倍他司汀经氧瓶燃烧后用吸收液吸收,结构中的硫氧化成硫酸根,采用离子色谱法测定,并根据甲磺酸倍他司汀化学式的计量关系求出样品中有效药物的含量.结果硫在0.02～60 μg·m<'-1>浓度范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为98.8%,RSD为0.15%.     

虚拟三维交互技术的工业设计应用

虚拟三维交互技术广泛应用工业设计的多个过程,是现代工业设计一种不可或缺的重要设计方法,也是目前最流行的产品开发理念.本文介绍了虚拟三维交互工业设计的内容及技术支持;交互性、网络化、高效率、绿色设计的应用特点;在产品设计制造、展示体验、推广销售过程中的应用等形式和优势.这种技术的应用既能够有效降低产品开发成本,又方便用户...     

基于室外风环境与热舒适度的城市设计改进策略——以北京西单商业街为例

城市室外风热环境对于城市生活品质起着不容忽视的作用,对于城市室外公共空间,如商业街,行人层高度风环境与热舒适度的优劣对其商业价值有着直接的影响.选取北京西单商业街为案例进行研究,基于北京夏季炎热高温冬季寒冷风强的地域气候特征,结合其数次城市设计环境改造,通过数值模拟手段,对北京西单商业街冬夏两季室外开放空间行人层风环境与热舒适度进行综合评价,针对现存导致室外风热环境恶化的城市设计问题提出改进措施,并总结提升城市户外风热环境品质的普适性城市设计策略.结果可从户外舒适度的角度提供同类型商业街区的城市设计参考,从而创造宜居的城市户外环境与空间.     

自感式电磁阻尼器的研究

通过分析国内外转子振动控制技术,提出了自感式电磁阻尼器的转子横向振动主动控制的设计构思,并以前置滤波器的引入来实现系统功能,同时进行对模型的仿真研究,论证了自感式电磁阻尼器的可行性,具有结构简单,经济实用的特点。     

灌浆技术在紫山灰坝迎灰坡裂缝处理中的应用

本文分析了紫山灰坝迎灰坡裂缝的成因，并介绍了充填式灌浆处理方法，效果良好。     

轻集料混凝土多孔砖砌体基本力学性能试验研究

对在夏热冬冷地区应用达到自保温体系要求的轻集料混凝土多孔砖砌体的基本力学性能进行试验研究,并通过试验分析了块体高度、试件厚度及砌筑形式对砌体抗压强度的影响.试验结果表明,此种自保温墙材可应用于承重结构.