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941.
Nisha Sheth Carl Greenley Raul Bermejo John C. Mauro Carlo G. Pantano Seong H. Kim 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2021,104(9):4550-4558
Water or acid soaking surface treatments have been shown to increase the mechanical strength of soda-lime silicate (SLS) glasses. This increase in strength has traditionally been attributed to effects related to residual stress or changes in fracture resistance. In this work, we report experimental data that cannot be explained based on the existing knowledge of glass surface mechanics. In dry environments, annealed and acid-leached SLS surfaces have comparable crack initiation stress and fracture stress as measured by Hertzian indentation and biaxial bending tests, respectively. Yet, in the presence of humidity, acid-leached surfaces have higher failure stress than the annealed surfaces. This apparent enhancement in the crack resistance of the acid-leached surface of SLS glass in humid environments supports the hypothesis that acid-leached surface chemistry can lower the transport kinetics of molecular water to critical flaws. 相似文献
942.
The effect of 0–12 wt% AlN addition on the electrical resistivity of SiC ceramics pressureless sintered with 0.7 wt% B4C and 2.5 wt% C additives was investigated. The elemental analysis of SiC grains revealed a codoping of Al and N in the SiC lattice with a higher N concentration with 1 wt% AlN addition and a higher Al concentration with 12 wt% AlN addition. The electrical resistivity decreased by four orders of magnitude (1.7 × 105 → 8.3 × 101 Ω cm) with 1 wt% AlN addition due to the increased carrier density (1.7 × 1010 → 2.3 × 1015 cm−3) caused by excess N-derived donors. However, subsequent AlN addition (4 → 12 wt%) led to an increase (2.9 × 103 → 1.2 × 104 Ω‧cm) in electrical resistivity due to (1) increased Al dopants which act as deep acceptors for trapping N-derived carriers causing a decrease in carrier density (2.3 × 1015 → 5.9 × 1013 cm−3), (2) the formation of electrically insulating SiC-AlN solid solution, and (3) the presence of electrically insulating AlN grains at the grain boundaries. 相似文献
943.
Hyunjun Kim Brahim Akdim James Park Woo-Yong Jang Randall S. Hay Augustine M. Urbas Christopher Woodward 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2021,104(11):5659-5670
High-throughput computation, based on density functional theory (HT-DFT), is used to predict the bounds for optical transparency, from the ultraviolet to the infrared, for materials in the pyrochlore family. The HT-DFT approach adopted here uses an initial screening from Materials-Project database, with millions of calculated properties. Band gaps and phonon spectra were calculated from selected pyrochlore crystal structures taken from the Materials Project database. Short and long wavelength bounds for optical transparency were calculated for chemistries with stable, cubic structures. The calculations predict that La2Ce2O7 has one of the broadest range of transparency for the pyrochlore family. Based on these calculations, dense polycrystalline samples of La2Ce2O7 were produced by sintering and hot-isostatic pressing. Transparency was characterized by methods that did not require large samples with high optical quality, obtaining 7.15 and 7.5 µm at 95% and 90% normalized transmittance, respectively. Bandgap calculations suggest a lower bound of UV transparency cut-off of 0.3 µm. The infrared wavelength cut-off is higher than that reported for other pyrochlores, and higher than for yttria, zirconia, or other common infrared transparent ceramics. We discuss our prediction and characterization methods as well as the suitability of pyrochlores for mid- and far-infrared optical applications. 相似文献
944.
Lee Seung Eun Kim Ji Hong Lee Young-Seak Im Ji Sun 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2021,51(10):1407-1418
Journal of Applied Electrochemistry - In this study, Needle and Regular coke, which has different crystalline and orientation characteristics, were graphitized, and the effect of crystal changes on... 相似文献
945.
Seong-Joong Kim Yeojin Ahn Jeong F. Kim Seung-Eun Nam Hosik Park Young Hoon Cho Kyung-youl Baek You-In Park 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(7):49860
To overcome the plasticization effect in polyimide membranes, many researchers have proposed crosslinking method. This can reduce an inter-segmental mobility by tightening and rigidifying the polymer chains. However, it is difficult to modify the whole polymer chains throughout the membrane because the reaction can be hindered by the diffusion rate of the crosslinker. In particular, it is hard for bulky crosslinker to penetrate a dense membrane with a small d-spacing. This study investigated the effect of crosslinking a dense Matrimid membrane with p-phenylenediamine (p-PDA) via two different crosslinking methods (i.e., methanol-swelling crosslinking process [M-SCP] and liquid-phase crosslinking process [L-PCP]). Most of the crosslinking reaction in M-SCP occurs on the membrane surface due to difficulty in penetration of the bulky p-PDA into the Matrimid dense membrane. In contrast, the L-PCP allows uniform crosslinking across the membrane. The membranes crosslinked using L-PCP showed excellent chemical resistance. Furthermore, the plasticization phenomenon was not observed in the membranes crosslinked using L-PCP with p-PDA more than 15%. Meanwhile, the membrane crosslinked using M-SCP exhibited poor plasticization and chemical resistance properties. These results showed that the L-PCP method can be more effective for the crosslinking of dense membrane to deliver both high plasticization and chemical resistance. 相似文献
946.
Ji-Won Jang Jae-Hyong Park Il-Jin Kim Jae-Hak Sim Seung-gun Yu Dong-Jin Lee Young-Hee Lee Sang-Hui Park Han-Do Kim 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(6):49788
In this study, a series of thermoresponsive cross-linked copolymer poly [N-isopropylacrylamide(NIPAm)-co-N-isopropylmethacrylamide(NIPMAm)] (P-M series samples: P-M-0, 10, 20, 30, 40, where numbers are co-monomer contents) hydrogels were prepared by free radical polymerization using the main monomer N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm), co-monomer N-isopropylmethacrylamide (NIPMAm), cross-linking agent N, N-methylenebisacrylamide, initiator (ammonium persulfate)/catalyst, and solvent water. In addition, a series of samples [P-G series samples: P-G-0, 10, 20, 30, 40, where numbers are co-solvent glycerol content) were prepared using P-M-40 as components and water/co-solvent glycerol as a mixed solvent. The effects of co-monomer NIPMAm and co-solvent glycerol contents on the lower critical solution temperature (LCST)/freezing temperature and light transmittance as function of temperature of the prepared copolymer gels were investigated. The resulting thermoresponsive polymer gels had LCSTs in the range of 17.9 to 38.7°C and freezing points in the range of 6.3 to −38.5°C. These gels are suitable materials for smart windows that are responsive to various environmental conditions. 相似文献
947.
Silicone elastomers are used in a wide range of applications, including artificial muscles, biomedical devices, and soft robotics, for which chemical, thermal, and mechanical stability are important requirements that these elastomers must fulfill. However, to ensure that silicone elastomers' properties and performance remain constant under long-term deployment, it is necessary to examine and account for the Mullins effect, which has the potential to significantly alter certain elastomer properties of interest. In this article, the mechanical properties of soft and hard commercial silicone elastomers and two blends of commercial silicone elastomers are investigated—specifically their softening behavior due to the Mullins effect. Ultimate stresses, ultimate strains, and Young's moduli are obtained from uniaxial tensile tests. Results show that the point of softening greatly depends on both the elastomer type and its strain history. Furthermore, a significant permanent set is observed in the softest commercial formulations. 相似文献
948.
Tae Y. Kim Kwon M. Koo Gayeong Yun Yangsoo Kim 《Polymer Engineering and Science》2021,61(6):1842-1853
Two types of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT)-based elastomer nanocomposites are used as a sensor material for the detection of gasoline spills by applying the interdigitated electrode (IDE) device. MWNT-g-polyisoprene (PI) and Si-MWNT/natural rubber (NR) are prepared by applying “grafting-from” and “grafting-to” process, respectively. When compared based on the identical condition of gasoline sensing test, the maximum response value to the exposure of gasoline is 17.5 for MWNT-g-PI sensor and 12.9 for Si-MWNT/NR sensor, which reach the maximum in less than 3 min. The MWNT-g-PI sensor selectively detects gasoline, and its response is completely reversible. It shows that the longer chain length of PI brings about the larger response of MWNT-g-PI sensor to gasoline. The sensitivity of MWNT-g-PI sensor highly depends on both how much gasoline is exposed to the sensor and what bias voltage is applied to the IDE device. The IDE sensor using MWNT-g-PI nanocomposites effectively detects gasoline spills. 相似文献
949.
The superplastic deformation behavior of quasi-single phase Zn-0.3 wt. %Al was investigated. A series of load relaxation and
tensile tests was conducted at various temperatures ranging from RT (20 °C) to 200 °C. The recently proposed internal variable
theory of structural superplasticity was applied. The flow curves obtained from load relaxation tests were shown to consist
of contributions from interface sliding (IS) and accommodating plastic deformation. In the case of quasi-single phase Zn-0.3
wt.% Al alloy with an average agrain size of 1 μm, the IS behavior could be described as a viscous flow process characterized
by a power index of Mg=0.5. A large elongation of about 1400% was obtained at room temperature and the strain rate sensitivity parameter was about
0.4. Although relatively large-grained (10 μm) single phase alloy showed a high value of strain rate sensitivity comparable
to that of fine-grained alloy at very low strain rate range, IS was not expected from the analysis based on the internal variable
theory of structural superplasticity at room temperature. As the temperature increased above 100 °C, however, the contribution
from IS was observed at a very low strain rate range. A high elongation of ∼400% was obtained in a specimen of 10-μm-grain-size
at 200 °C under a strain rate of 2×10−4/sec.
Jointly appointed at Center for Advanced Aerospace Materials (CAAM) 相似文献
950.
Jeong-Sun Oh Joon-Hyung An Sun-Ok Lee Yeon-Hum Yun Bo-An Kang Sang-Bok Kim Kyu-Seog Hwang 《Metals and Materials International》2002,8(5):459-462
We prepared zirconia thin films on (100) Si wafer by using a chemical solution deposition with a zirconium naphthenate as
a starting material. The films were pyrolyzed at 500°C for 10 min and finally annealed for 30 min in air at 500°C. Amorphous
films after annealing had no distinct structure and were uniform along the cross section line.In vitro formation of the calcium phosphate was evaluated by the field emission-scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray
spectrometer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 相似文献