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21.
Although there have been a number of studies of the determinant factors of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) implementation, most studies were carried out in the United States or Europe. The purpose of this study is to identify the determinant factors which affect implementation of EDI systems by Korean companies. Decentralization, EDI standards, technical compatibility, technical support by EDI vendors, education and training and participation of trading partners positively affect the extent of EDI usage. Formalization, technical compatibility, user involvement and participation of trading partners affect EDI integration with internal applications. Top management support and the participation of trading partners promote the extent of EDI operations. This study provides evidence of the effect of important determinant factors such as participation of trading partners and technical compatibility replicating previous EDI studies conducted in that US and Europe. For policy makers ad EDI developers, this study provides insights as to appropriate measures and incentives system designed to encourage EDI and B2B implementation. 相似文献
22.
Jae Kyeong Jeong Jong Han Jeong Hui Won Yang Tae Kyung Ahn Minkyu Kim Kwang Suk Kim Bon Seog Gu Hyun‐Joong Chung Jin‐Seong Park Yeon‐Gon Mo Hye Dong Kim Ho Kyoon Chung 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2009,17(2):95-100
Abstract— A full‐color 12.1‐in.WXGA active‐matrix organic‐light‐emitting‐diode (AMOLED) display was, for the first time, demonstrated using indium‐gallium‐zinc oxide (IGZO) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) as an active‐matrix backplane. It was found that the fabricated AMOLED display did not suffer from the well‐known pixel non‐uniformity in luminance, even though the simple structure consisting of two transistors and one capacitor was adopted as the unit pixel circuit, which was attributed to the amorphous nature of IGZO semiconductors. The n‐channel a‐IGZO TFTs exhibited a field‐effect mobility of 17 cm2/V‐sec, threshold voltage of 1.1 V, on/off ratio >109, and subthreshold gate swing of 0.28 V/dec. The AMOLED display with a‐IGZO TFT array is promising for large‐sized applications such as notebook PCs and HDTVs because the a‐IGZO semiconductor can be deposited on large glass substrates (larger than Gen 7) using the conventional sputtering system. 相似文献
23.
Guilherme T. de Assis Alberto H. F. Laender Marcos André Gonçalves Altigran S. da Silva 《World Wide Web》2009,12(3):285-319
Focused crawlers have as their main goal to crawl Web pages that are relevant to a specific topic or user interest, playing
an important role for a great variety of applications. In general, they work by trying to find and crawl all kinds of pages
deemed as related to an implicitly declared topic. However, users are often not simply interested in any document about a
topic, but instead they may want only documents of a given type or genre on that topic to be retrieved. In this article, we
describe an approach to focused crawling that exploits not only content-related information but also genre information present
in Web pages to guide the crawling process. This approach has been designed to address situations in which the specific topic
of interest can be expressed by specifying two sets of terms, the first describing genre aspects of the desired pages and
the second related to the subject or content of these pages, thus requiring no training or any kind of preprocessing. The
effectiveness, efficiency and scalability of the proposed approach are demonstrated by a set of experiments involving the
crawling of pages related to syllabi of computer science courses, job offers in the computer science field and sale offers
of computer equipments. These experiments show that focused crawlers constructed according to our genre-aware approach achieve
levels of F1 superior to 88%, requiring the analysis of no more than 65% of the visited pages in order to find 90% of the
relevant pages. In addition, we experimentally analyze the impact of term selection on our approach and evaluate a proposed
strategy for semi-automatic generation of such terms. This analysis shows that a small set of terms selected by an expert
or a set of terms specified by a typical user familiar with the topic is usually enough to produce good results and that such
a semi-automatic strategy is very effective in supporting the task of selecting the sets of terms required to guide a crawling
process. 相似文献
24.
This study was designed to evaluate the incidence of the PSE/DFD status in a Portuguese pig slaughterhouse, covering two seasons of the year (spring and summer) in order to find out if the proportions of those poor meat quality categories were sufficient to concern the meat industry. Meat quality classification was based on the measurements of the pH(60), pH(24), drip losses and colour (L, a, b) in the longissimus dorsi muscle (between the last third and fourth ribs) of 380 pigs randomly chosen from the line. The high global incidence of PSE and likely PSE (30%) as well as DFD (10%) carcasses and the enormous variation of the meat quality between the different days of analysis proves that the pig population presents a great variation of halothane genotype and that handling procedures have to be optimized in order to decrease stress and glycogen store depletion. The percentage of PSE carcasses during the summer season was double that found in the spring, probably due to a higher environmental temperature and relative humidity. 相似文献
25.
Fouto Ana R. Nunes Rita G. Pinto Joana Alves Luísa Calado Sofia Gonçalves Carina Rebolo Margarida Viana-Baptista Miguel Vilela Pedro Figueiredo Patrícia 《Magma (New York, N.Y.)》2022,35(5):779-790
Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine - Histogram-based metrics extracted from diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) have been suggested as potential biomarkers for cerebral small... 相似文献
26.
27.
J. P. Carmo M. F. Silva J. F. Ribeiro R. F. Wolffenbuttel P. Alpuim J. G. Rocha L. M. Gon?alves J. H. Correia 《Microsystem Technologies》2011,17(8):1283-1291
This paper presents an approach for generating a well-defined cooling pattern over an area of tissue. An array of solid-state
microcoolers is used, which could be included in a probe that provides local cooling. This medical instrument can be used
for removal of scar tissue in the eye or for the rapid stopping of bleeding due to micro-cuts, which makes it a useful tool
to medical doctors and could make surgery more secure to the patient. The array of microcoolers is composed of 64 independent
thermo-electric elements, each controlled using an integrated circuit designed in CMOS. The independent control allows the
flexible programming of the surface temperature profile. This type of control is very suitable in case abrupt temperature
steps should be avoided. Cooling by lateral heat flow was selected in order to minimize the influence of heat by dissipation
from the electronic circuits. Moreover, a thermo-electric component with lateral heat allows fabrication of the cooling elements
using planar thin-film technology, lithography and wet etching on top of the silicon wafer. This approach is potentially CMOS
compatible, which would allow for the fabrication of the thermo-electric elements on top of a pre-fabricated CMOS wafer as
a post-process step. Each pixel is composed of thin-films of n-type bismuth telluride, Bi2Te3 and p-type antimony telluride, Sb2Te3, which are electrically interconnected as thermocouple. These materials have excellent thermoelectric characteristics, such
as thermoelectric figures-of-merit, ZT, at room temperatures of 0.84 and 0.5, respectively, which is equivalent to power-factors, PF, of 3.62 × 10−3 W K−1 m−2 and 2.81 × 10−3 W K−1 m−2, respectively. The theoretical study presented here demonstrates a cooling capability of 15°C at room temperature (300 K ≈ 27°C).
This cooling performance is sufficient to maintain a local tissue temperature at 25°C, which makes it suitable for the intended
application. A first prototype was successfully fabricated to demonstrate the concept. 相似文献
28.
Luís Miguel Alves Fernandes Gonçalo Cruz Matos Diogo Azevedo Ricardo Rodrigues Nunes Hugo Paredes Leonel Morgado 《Behaviour & Information Technology》2016,35(11):907-918
ABSTRACTGestural interaction devices emerged and originated various studies on multimodal human–computer interaction to improve user experience (UX). However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the use of these devices to enhance learning. We present an exploratory study which analysed the UX with a multimodal immersive videogame prototype, based on a Portuguese historical/cultural episode. Evaluation tests took place in high school environments and public videogaming events. Two users would be present simultaneously in the same virtual reality (VR) environment: one as the helmsman aboard Vasco da Gama’s fifteenth-century Portuguese ship and the other as the mythical Adamastor stone giant at the Cape of Good Hope. The helmsman player wore a VR headset to explore the environment, whereas the giant player used body motion to control the giant, and observed results on a screen, with no headset. This allowed a preliminary characterisation of UX, identifying challenges and potential use of these devices in multi-user virtual learning contexts. We also discuss the combined use of such devices, towards future development of similar systems, and its implications on learning improvement through multimodal human–computer interaction. 相似文献
29.
30.
Maria Eduarda Gonçalves 《Information & Communications Technology Law》2017,26(2):90-115
As the first broad reform of the EU data protection legislation is being achieved, and notwithstanding EU institutions’ confident discourse, scepticism remains about the reform’s ability to safeguard the fundamental right to data protection in the face of evolving data processing techniques underlying so-called big data. Yet, one might wonder whether the cause for this difficulty should be ascribed mainly to technological progresses that the law finds it hard to deal with or rather to the policy choices embedded in the legal reform itself. Indeed, a new data protection enforcement model is being adopted, which relies heavily on risk assessment and management by the data controllers themselves. Likewise, data protection authorities see their supervisory role significantly weakened. These developments and the underlying rationality are discussed. Given the limitations of the risk-based approach as currently devised, we suggest that it be reappraised in consideration of risk regulatory experiences in other domains. 相似文献