Study of shrinkage porosity in spheroidal graphite cast iron

This study aims at identifying the relationship between the shrinkage cavities and the solidification structure in spheroidal graphite cast iron. Cast samples specially designed to contain shrinkage cavities were used. The solidification macrostructure was revealed using the Direct Austempering After Solidification method, while the solidification microstructure was revealed by using colour etching. At the midsection of the pieces, the shrinkage cavities and the solidification structure were observed jointly. The study showed that the classification of shrinkage porosity found in literature does not correspond to the ductile iron solidification model recognized by most of the scientific community. Early solidification models, and therefore shrinkage formation mechanisms, were proposed in instances when there was not a thorough knowledge of the morphology of the solid phases during solidification. Nowadays, defects formation mechanisms can be described with higher accuracy. Therefore, an updated classification of shrinkage porosity for spheroidal graphite iron is proposed.     

FOX-7和RDX基含铝炸药的冲击起爆特性

为研究FOX-7和RDX基含铝炸药的冲击起爆特性,对其进行了冲击波感度试验和冲击起爆试验,结合冲击波在铝隔板中的衰减特性,确定了FOX-7和RDX基含铝炸药的临界隔板值和临界起爆压力,并通过锰铜压阻传感器记录了起爆至稳定爆轰过程压力历程的变化。结果表明,以Φ40mm×50mm的JH-14为主发装药时,FOX-7和RDX基含铝炸药临界隔板值分别为37.51和34.51mm,对应的临界起爆压力为10.91和11.94GPa;起爆压力为11.58GPa时,FOX-7炸药的到爆轰距离为25.49~30.46mm,稳定爆轰后的爆轰压力为27.68GPa,爆轰速度为8 063m/s;起爆压力为14.18GPa时,RDX基含铝炸药的到爆轰距离为17.27~23.53mm,稳定爆轰后的爆轰压力为17.16GPa,爆轰速度为6 261m/s。     

锆合金激光熔覆镍基复合层微观组织及界面特征

以Ni35自熔性合金粉末为熔覆材料,采用激光熔覆技术在锆合金表面原位生成了NiZr₂/陶瓷增强镍基涂层.利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪等对熔覆界面附近的微观组织、物相组成及界面结合特征进行分析.结果表明,熔覆层基体组织为NiZr+Ni₁₀Zr₇,增强相NiZr₂以细针状均匀分布在熔覆层上部和底部,块状及棒状的陶瓷相Zr₅（Si_xNi_1-x）₄/Zr（Si_xNi_1-x）分布在熔覆层中部,熔覆层与基体间实现良好的熔焊冶金结合,界面结合区组织不均匀,分布有等轴状NiZr及晶间的α-Zr,熔覆层的显微硬度分布均匀,平均值约为1 100 Hv.     

基于TIA博途平台群控伺服比例阀的Profinet通信研究

针对西门子S7-1200 PLC与阿托斯伺服比例阀跨平台通信控制的需求,提出一种基于Profinet协议连接并由TIA博途自动化平台编程的通信系统。该系统通过以太网通信电缆连接设备,使用FBD编程语言设计通信程序。通过运行系统验证了其功能性,通过分析记录数据证明了系统运行稳定,满足系统方案的设计目的。     

冷轧预变形量对1460合金组织和性能的影响

本文研究了时效前不同冷轧预变形量（ε=7%,14%,20%,27%）对1460合金沉淀强化过程的影响。当冷轧变形量增加至20%时,合金中出现位错墙（Dense Dislocation Wall）。位错为T1相提供了形核位置,使得合金中T1相的数量增加同时尺寸保持在100 nm 左右,缩短了时效峰值时间。27%冷轧变形+160 ℃/12 h时效能提高合金的强度,同时塑性较好,此时合金的抗拉强度和延伸率分别为590 MPa和8%。     

Contrasting initial events of localized corrosion on surfaces of 2219-T42 and 6061-T6 aluminum alloys exposed in Caribbean seawater

Aluminum alloy samples, 6061-T6 and 2219-T42, were exposed to Caribbean seawater for 90 d. The fluctuations of open circuit potential, considered as electrochemical noise (EN), were used to characterize and compare initial pitting events, which appeared on their surfaces. EN analysis was carried out using the power spectral density (PSD) vs frequency. The decrease of the β exponent in PSD graphs indicated a release of spontaneous energy with the progress of pit formation in seawater. The fluctuations were associated with the breakdown and formation of new corrosion layers. The values of β exponent in PSD graphs suggest that corrosion process of AA2219-T42 alloy occurs as a persistent non-stationary process, the dynamics of which is controlled by fractional Brownian motion (fBm), while on AA6061-T6 alloy the corrosion process was dominated by stationary and weakly persistent features, with the contribution of fractional Gaussian noise (fGn). After the exposure in seawater, SEM-EDX analysis revealed insoluble intermetallic particles on the alloys, rich in Cu or Fe and irregularly distributed. The preferential dissolution of Mg and Al occurs from the S-phase (Al₂CuMg) of AA2219-T42 alloy.     

TiO2纳米粒子对铝锂合金微弧氧化膜结构及性能的影响

为改善微弧氧化膜层的耐蚀性及力学性能,向电解液中添加TiO₂纳米粒子后对2297铝锂合金进行了微弧氧化。利用SEM、XRD、EDS、辉光放电表征技术及电化学测试技术,分析了TiO₂纳米粒子对微弧氧化膜结构、力学性能及耐蚀性的影响。结果表明：添加TiO₂纳米粒子后,微弧氧化膜层变得平坦致密。随着TiO₂纳米粒子添加量的提高,膜层表面放电通道的孔径逐渐减小,数量逐渐增多。TiO₂纳米粒子会抑制熔融Al₂O₃与电解液中$ {\rm{SiO}}_{\rm{3}}^{{\rm{2 ^- }}}$的接触,所以膜层中Si元素的含量随TiO₂纳米粒子添加量的增加而逐渐下降(原子数分数从初始的10.27%下降到了3.10%)。显微硬度测试结果表明,TiO₂纳米粒子的引入增加了膜层的致密度及平整度,所以膜层的硬度得到了提升(添加1 g/L TiO₂纳米粒子后硬度提高了15%)。电化学测试结果显示,当微弧氧化的其它条件相同时,TiO₂纳米粒子的适量添加会提升膜层的耐蚀性,但过量添加时,由于膜层放电通道数量的增多等原因,其耐蚀性下降。     

回流温度对单板/板级BGA无铅焊点的剪切力学行为影响

采用试验的方法研究回流温度对Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu,Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu,Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu-0.07La-0.05Ce三种无铅钎料在单板结构/板级结构中剪切性能的影响.结果表明,随着回流温度的升高,单板结构中高银焊点的抗剪强度最高且一直增加,低银焊点呈现出先增加后降低的趋势.板级结构中焊点的抗剪强度均随回流温度的升高呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,其中添加稀土元素的低银焊点的抗剪强度最高.两种结构中焊点的至断位移均随回流温度的升高而降低.板级结构中,随着回流温度的升高,高银焊点的断裂模式由韧性断裂向脆性断裂转变,而低银焊点则一直为韧性断裂,其断裂位置向IMC方向移动.     

Effect of Silicon and Graphite Degeneration on High-Temperature Oxidation of Ductile Cast Irons in Open Air

Oxidation of Metals - The use of high silicon ductile irons is increasing as they offer some advantages with respect to conventional pearlitic–ferritic grades such as high elongation at...     

Effect of Tempering on the Oxidation Behaviour of a Roll-Grade High-Speed Steel During Thermal Cycling

Oxidation of Metals - The oxidation characteristics of a roll-grade high-speed steel with different tempering heat treatments were studied under thermal cycling conditions at 650 °C...