Pressure vessel steel fracture toughness in the regime from room temperature to 400°C

The fracture toughness of steels that are susceptible to dynamic strain aging shows a minimum at temperatures higher than the upper shelf starting temperature. This phenomenon is caused simultaneously by strain aging and plastic deformation. The first aim of the present work is to analyze the effect of dynamic strain aging on the fracture toughness values of three pressure vessel steels in the temperature range between room temperature and 400°C. Fracture mechanics tests were carried out on A533 GB, A516 G70 and 304L steels to obtain the following parameters: J_IC, CTOD_m and the J-R curves. These values were compared against those available in the present references, and good agreement was found. Charpy V notch tests were also carried out on A516 G70 steel at the same test temperatures as for the fracture mechanics tests to analyze the effect of the strain rate. The critical wide stretch zones of the 304L steel specimens were also measured to verify another author's hypothesis about a toughness drop at the upper shelf temperature.     

家用自动洗碗机专用洗碗粉的配方研制

通过洗碗机洗碗粉体的流动性、稳定性实验确定配方中无机盐原料及其含量,测试比较含有特定原料的配方洗碗粉性能,确定其配方中酶、螯合剂及聚合物的种类及含量;洗碗机洗碗粉最终配方经过实验室性能测试及消费者实际试用,结果表明其具有较好的去污性能。     

A holographic waveguide based eye tracking device

We demonstrated the feasibility of using a holographic waveguide imager for eye tracking. A holographic waveguide placed in front of the eye was used to capture images of the anterior segment of the eye and to guide the images to a camera distant from the eye. The pupil centre (PC) and corneal reflection (CR) of the eye was used to compute eye position. A custom-built model eye was used to validate the prototype eye tracker. A linear relationship between the angular eye position and the PC/CR vector was found over 60 horizontal degrees and 40 vertical degrees. The tracking accuracy and precision were 0.72 degree and 0.50 degree over these tracking ranges. These results confirmed that holographic waveguide could be a viable platform for developing compact, wearable, see-through eye trackers that can continuously monitor eye movements during real life tasks and thus can facilitate diagnosis of oculomotor disorders.     

Dynamic Response Solution of Multi-Layered Pavement Structure Under FWD Load Appling the Precise Integration Algorithm

The pavement layered structures are composed of surface layer, road base and multi-layered soil foundation. They can be undermined over time by repeated vehicle loads. In this study, a hybrid numerical method which can evaluate the displacement responses of pavement structures under dynamic falling weight deflectometer (FWD) loads. The proposed method consists of two parts: (a) the dynamic stiffness matrices of the points at the surface in the frequency domain which is based on the domain-transformation and dual vector form equation, and (b) interpolates the dynamic stiffness matrices by a continues rational function of frequency. The mixed variables formulation (MVF) can treat multiple degree of freedom systems with considering the coupling term between degree of freedoms. The accuracy of the developed method has been demonstrated by comparison between the proposed method and published results from the other method. Then the proposed method can be applied as a forward calculation technique to emulate the falling weight deflectometer test for multi-layered pavement structures.     

转Bt玉米暴露对亲代及子代大鼠免疫细胞分型及细胞因子的影响

为研究转苏云金芽胞杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,Bt)基因抗虫玉米长期食用对大鼠免疫的影响,以其亲本非转基因玉米饲料及商业饲料为对照,分别采用流式细胞术及液相芯片法检测喂养90 d后亲代及子代刚断乳大鼠外周血、脾脏免疫细胞分型及相关血清细胞因子的表达。结果发现,转Bt基因抗虫玉米饲料组亲代大鼠外周血和脾脏及子代脾脏各淋巴细胞亚群(CD4~+、CD8~+、TCRαβ~+、TCRγδ~+)的细胞数量比例及亲代血清中10种细胞因子表达水平均与非转基因玉米饲料组无显著差异(P0.05);子代外周血B淋巴细胞数量比例显著增高,巨噬细胞炎症蛋白-1α、单核细胞趋化因子-1β、白细胞介素-5表达水平明显降低(P0.05)。结果表明:转Bt基因抗虫玉米暴露90 d对亲代大鼠免疫系统影响不大;对子代刚断乳大鼠的细胞免疫及体液免疫有一定的影响。     

Happiness versus sadness as a determinant of thought confidence in persuasion: A self-validation analysis.

The present research introduces a new mechanism by which emotion can affect evaluation. On the basis of the self-validation hypothesis (R. E. Petty, P. Bri?ol, & Z. L. Tormala, see record 2002-12575-003), the authors predicted and found that emotion can influence evaluative judgments by affecting the confidence people have in their thoughts to a persuasive message. In each study, participants first read a strong or weak persuasive communication. After listing their thoughts about the message, participants were induced to feel happy or sad. Relative to sad participants, those put in a happy state reported more thought confidence. As a consequence, the effect of argument quality on attitudes was greater for happy than for sad participants. These self-validation effects generalized across different emotion inductions, different persuasion topics, and different measures of thought confidence. In one study, happy and sad conditions each differed from a neutral affect control. Most important, these metacognitive effects of emotion only occurred under high elaboration conditions. In contrast, individuals with relatively low motivation to think showed a main effect of emotion on attitudes, regardless of argument quality. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

圆柱齿轮减速器设计中应考虑的问题

以二级圆柱齿减速器为例，就圆柱齿轮减速器中传动布置型式的选择、箱体的设计．一些辅助零件的设计、润滑与密封等相关问题进行了简要阐述。     

两种组织脱钙法对免疫组织化学染色影响比较

目的:了解1%(体积分数)盐酸和10%(体积分数)硝酸脱钙液对多种抗原免疫组织化学染色效果的影响.方法:选择伴有灶状钙化的软组织标本包括甲状腺乳头状癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、结肠癌和淋巴结各3例,骨组织标本包括活检和尸检病例共9例,将样本分为3组,一组分别用10%(体积分数)硝酸处理24、42和48 h,另一组分别用1%(体积分数)盐酸处理1、2和3 h,还有一组不用酸处理作为对照组,同时进行多种抗原免疫组织化学染色,其中乳腺癌组织作ER、PR和Ki-67染色,甲状腺癌组织作TTF-1染色,前列腺癌作34βE12和P504s染色,结肠癌作AE1/AE3、P504s和Ki-67染色,淋巴结作CD3、CD20和Ki-67染色,骨组织作CD3、CD20、CD68、CD235a、MPO、Ki-67、AE1/AE3和TTF-1染色.结果:伴有钙化的软组织和骨组织内多种抗原免疫组织化学染色阳性程度均随酸处理时间的延长而有不同程度的下降,骨组织对酸处理的耐受力比软组织强;不同抗原对酸处理的敏感性不同,TTF-1和Ki-67最为敏感,ER、CD3、和CD20耐受性较好.结论:大多数情况下,盐酸和硝酸处理都会降低组织免疫组织化学染色的敏感性,但是对不同抗原的影响程度不同.大块骨组织可以采用10%(体积分数)硝酸脱钙,软组织比例较高的骨组织和骨髓活检组织尽可能使用1%(体积分数)盐酸脱钙.