Effect of chlorination practice on soluble organics

As the practice of chlorination for the disinfection of waste effluents is apparently to be extended, this study was initiated to examine the possibility that chlorinated organics could be formed in the disinfection process. A group of pure compounds that had been demonstrated to be susceptible to chlorination were examined under conditions likely to apply under normal disinfection practice.From the results obtained, it appears only organics with ring structures and electron activating substituents, or amino groupings are capable of chlorination. The frequent presence of ammonia or amino groups means that chloramine formation with its asociated toxicity is likely. However, the presence of ammonia or amino groups will retard the reaction with other compounds making chlorination of these unlikely.     

灭火救援理论和技术装备发展的需求分析

如何提高灭火救援理论和技术装备的整体水平，已成为当前公安消防部门面临的一个重要课题。对我国公安消防部队灭火救援理论和技术装备的发展进行了研究，从灭火救援实战的角度提出了当前灭火救援理论需要研究的主要课题，以及未来几年灭火救援作战和训练装备改革创新的重要需求。     

Essais d'aerateurs: Enseignements tires de 500 essais en eau claire effectues dans 200 stations d'epuration differentes—II ResultatsTests on aerators: Conclusions drawn from 500 clean water tests conducted in 200 different sewage treatment plants—II Data interpretation

The large number of aerator tests conducted in the field by the CEMAGREF teams has allowed developing a critical review of tests results by means of statistical analysis. Measurement quality is estimated from the variation of the transfer coefficient values from one sampling point to another. Individual transfer coefficient values $\text{(}\text{K}{}_{\mathrm{L}}\text{a)i}$ are compared with the average value of the test $\text{(}\text{K}{}_{\mathrm{L}}\text{a). (K}{}_{\mathrm{L}}\text{a)i/}\text{K}{}_{\mathrm{L}}\text{a}$ ratios correlating with one year's data are gathered in histogramms (Fig. 1).A χ² test is used for evaluating the fit of a Normal distribution on each histogram (Tables 1 and 2 results for two kinds of surface aerators). When the Normality is not rejected, the variances between distributions are compared by means of a Fisher test.$\text{(K}{}_{\mathrm{L}}\text{a)i/}\text{K}{}_{\mathrm{L}}\text{a}$ variations in a same run are independent of transfer coefficient when the K_La ranges 1–10 h^?1 and applied specific power ranges 15–70 W m^?3. Those variations allow evaluating the technique of measuring, the reliability of oxygen probes and the operator's experience (Table 3).In a well mixed tank and when the recommended procedure is correctly implemented the relative error in measuring the specific oxygen input (kg O₂ kWh^?1) is 5%. In less favorable cases it reaches 10%.Tables 4 and 5 show the reproductibility of repetitive run results in the same plant and of tests performed with the same aerator in different plants.The histograms of the performances of the main types of mechanical surface aerators (high speed vertical shaft turbine, slow speed vertical shaft turbine, horizontal shaft aerator) are presented (Figs 2, 4, 5). Relations between oxygenation capacity and specific power consumption are plotted in Figs 3 and 6. As to other aeration systems, fewer data are available. Table 6 summarizes the usual range of performances.In 1974, after a series of measurements performed on 72 different plants, CEMAGREF stated that the oxygenation capacities claimed by manufacturers were, on the average, 40% higher than actual results. Now, the performances predicted by manufacturers in France are generally very close to the measured values. A difference higher than 10% between predicted values and measured ones now occurs as an exception.     

多曲面建筑不均等轴线的定位测量技术

上海中山医院综合楼由法国思构设计有限公司设计，体形奇特，曲面颇多，用传统的定圆心拉半经的方法无法做到精确定位．为此，借助AutoCAD技术，采用定位控制线方法来确定直线轴线，建筑外围弧形轴线则根据弧长加矢高来实现定位，取得了预期的效果．     

新的钢化技术及检验方法

近期有几个因素影响到玻璃钢化领域,不仅钢化工艺本身是推动钢化工业的主要因素,其它因素比如钢化市场的参与者们正面临着日益上升的全球化的竞争;客户需要高质量的产品和安全装配规则,新发明的非破坏性检验方法正代替成本较高的老方法;市场上满足汽车及建筑工业要求的新产品;最后钢化设备制造商所生产的满足于新玻璃产品的热处理要求的新产品。对这些问题全面进行了讨论以便为今天的钢化技术提供一个完整的画面。同时也对使用新钢化技术使钢化工业有更辉煌的明天提出了一些建议。     

Determination of flexibility of beam-to-column connectors used in thin walled cold-formed steel pallet racking systems

This paper describes a new test to determine flexibility of beam-to-column connectors used in conventional pallet racking systems. In this study, two different ways were used to find the flexibility of a connector. The connector developed was tested using the conventional cantilever method [Bajoria, KM. Three dimensional progressive collapse of warehouse racking, PhD Thesis, University of Cambridge, UK 1986], and then also using a newly proposed double cantilever method. To verify the results obtained from both the tests, a full scale frame test was carried out. In the double cantilever test the connector is subjected to three types of forces namely moment, shear and the axial pull by the beams, thereby giving behavior close to practical usage of connectors. Non-linear finite element analysis of both the tests and also of the full scale test were carried out using ANSYS [ANSYS 7.0—User's Manual, ANSYS Inc., 2005] software. The results obtained from the double cantilever test were found to match well with the full scale frame test. The experimental results and the finite element results are compared in this paper.     

Aggregate and concrete microfracture

Thin sections cut from cast concrete cylinders have been examined in transmitted light to investigate the significance of coarse aggregate type in “primary” microfracturing. Concretes manufactured with crushed-rock aggregates and gravel aggregates were studied and, in every case, the dominant fracture type was a parting of the aggregate-matrix bond. Bond cracking was least severe with the marble aggregate where epitaxial calcite over-growth was indicated. The ability of bond cracks to maintain continuity by bridging surface irregularities, via mortar cracks, reduced the inhibiting influence of rough-surfaced aggregate on bond-crack development.     

多阶变截面杆弯曲自由振动的计算

本文通过引入一组用矩阵形式表示的基本函数,分解了单阶杆的精确解,导出了相应于多阶变截面杆的频率方程和振型函数的通式,并通过计算机处理得到了精确数字解。最后还给出了数值解与理论解的比较。     

水景住区设计的新构想——“衡水天元—怡水花园水景公寓”项目设计

通过回顾衡水天元—怡水花园水景公寓设计过程,表述了尊重自然、因地制宜的设计理念,把建筑与环境融合,凸显了滨水住区的特色,营造了高品质的人居环境。     

电能回馈式传动系疲劳寿命试验台的研制

为解决现有传动系疲劳寿命试验台能耗大的问题,研制开发了一种以直流测功电机为加载器、数字直流可逆调速器为控制器,将直流测功电机产生的电能回馈到电网的传动系疲劳寿命试验台。该装置的电能回馈率达76%左右,节能效果显著。