产低温纤维素酶南极细菌的筛选、生长特性及酶学性质的初步研究

以南极海冰细菌作为实验材料,用刚果红染色和发酵培养法从64株细菌中筛选得到产纤维素酶菌株Pseudoalteromonassp.545。经生长条件优化,该菌以麦芽糖为碳源,蛋白胨为氮源,初始生长pH为8.0,10℃培养96h时产酶最高。对菌株粗酶液进行酶学性质初步研究,此酶在pH9.0、35℃下反应40min时酶活最高。另外,该菌株所产纤维素酶在0～60℃范围内均有活性,属于低温酶。     

不同地区烟蚜对药剂的反应及其羧酸酯酶活性

测定了吡虫啉和氧化乐果对福建三明和安徽合肥地区烟蚜的毒力,并研究了两地烟蚜的羧酸酯酶活力、米氏常数和最大反应速度。结果表明:吡虫啉对两个地区烟蚜的生物活性远高于氧化乐果,三明地区烟蚜对两种药剂的敏感性均低于合肥地区的烟蚜,种群毒力方程的b值也低于合肥烟蚜,烟蚜存在一定的异质性。两地烟蚜的羧酸酯酶活性、米氏常数和最大反应速度差异不显著。     

应用电解镀层消除铜材复合界面及其有限元分析

控制电解沉积过程在纯铜的表面制得宏观上致密、光滑的铜镀层,以此镀层来消除叠轧金属层间的复合界面;对此镀层消除叠轧金属层间复合界面的机理进行初步的分析;并应用有限元软件对轧制过程进行计算机模拟分析,验证提出的机理;得出镀层材料塑性变形程度大,有利于消除金属层间复合界面;镀层不引起界面处塑性变形热效应的明显变化.     

B型超声和CT双导向射频消融治疗肝肿瘤15例

【摘要】 目的 探讨B型超声（B超）及CT双导向在经皮肝穿射频消融术（RFA）治疗肝肿瘤的应用价值。方法 15例患者的20个肝肿瘤病灶,在B超和CT双导向下行RFA。首先在B超导向下穿入RFA针,使其接近病灶,再于CT导向下精确定位完成RFA。结果 20个肝肿瘤病灶均在双导向下精准穿刺成功,顺利完成RFA,而且操作时间短。经治疗的20个肝肿瘤病灶在术后随访复查期间行相关影像学检查未见有明显肿瘤残存。15例患者均未出现RFA治疗的相关并发症。结论 B超和CT双导向下的经皮肝穿RFA,可以更精准地完成在B超下显示欠完整或欠清晰的肝肿瘤RFA,较单CT导向下的RFA,其减少了穿刺步骤及提高了穿刺的精准性,而且并发症少。     

Comparative studies of configurations and preparation methods for direct methanol fuel cell electrodes

Catalyst-coated membrane (CCM) and catalyzed diffusion medium (CDM) prepared either by brush painting method or by spraying method were compared for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) anode and cathode. The pore structure and the morphology of the electrodes were characterized by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Internal resistance corrected polarization curves were employed to separate the contribution of each compartment of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) to the overall polarization. It was shown that the increased mass transport resistance in the anode diffusion layer made the anode in CDM form act as the methanol barrier. The CCM configuration and the increased pores in micron scales in the catalyst layer were in favor of improving the performance of both anode and cathode. Accounting for the effect of methanol permeation, the combination of the anode in CDM form prepared by brush painting method and the cathode in CCM form prepared by spraying method was finally selected as the optimized configuration for MEA, which had the highest DMFC performance under near-ambient conditions.     

Mn-SOD的纯化方法研究

以嗜热芽孢杆菌B．S110—2所产Mn—SOD为研究对象,对其纯化方法进行了研究,用碱处理的方法替代了传统的硫酸铵分级沉淀蛋白的方法;通过对金属螯合层析中二价金属离子的选择及洗脱液pH的选择,初步建立了一套适合分离纯化Mn-SOD的金属螯合层析体系,为实际生物产品的分离奠定了基础。     

Nano-sized Fe2O3–SO4 solid superacid composite Nafion membranes for direct methanol fuel cells

In this paper, Fe₂O₃–SO₄²⁻/Nafion^® composite membranes were prepared by a solution casting method. The physico-chemical properties of composite membranes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM–EDX and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The water uptake ability, proton conductivity, and methanol permeability of the composite membranes were evaluated and compared with the recast Nafion^® membrane. The results showed that the proton conductivity and the water uptake of the composite membranes were slightly higher than that of the recast Nafion^® membrane. The composite membrane containing 5 wt.% Fe₂O₃–SO₄^2- showed superior ability to suppress methanol crossover, and it further improved the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) performances with both 1 M and 5 M methanol feeding, compared with the recast Nafion^® membrane. The preliminary 30 h lifetime test of the DMFC with the composite membrane with 5% Fe₂O₃–SO₄²⁻ indicated that the composite membrane is stable working at the real DMFC operating conditions at least during the test. These results suggest the applicability of the composite membranes in DMFCs.     

小型复杂零件成形工艺研究及试验验证

根据小型复杂零件的结构特点及技术要求,围绕如何降低生产成本、提高工作效率、简化模具结构,制订了一套由落料、冲孔、弯曲等工序组成的冲压工艺方案.设计了每道工序的模具结构,最后的试验证明,采用此工艺方案和模具结构能显著提高小型复杂零件生产效率和产品质量.     

特高压换流变压器泡沫喷雾灭火系统失效分析

模拟不同数量喷头掉落下的冷喷试验,考察泡沫喷雾灭火系统受爆炸冲击、高温炙烤等特殊因素的影响,对特高压换流变压器泡沫喷雾灭火系统进行失效分析。结果表明,喷头工作压力、有效喷雾量和覆盖范围受掉落喷头占比影响显著,当掉落喷头占比超过20%时,喷头工作压力和有效喷雾量均低于标准要求,喷雾射程下降,喷雾范围缩小,无法形成全覆盖;喷头掉落后喷射的水柱有引发火灾扩大的风险;通过提高供液流量进行增强的方案仍会形成灭火盲区,满足不了灭火需求。     

压电叠堆泵驱动的新型直线马达

提出一种利用压电叠堆泵驱动的新型直线马达(简称压电液压马达),介绍了其系统构成及工作原理,并进行了理论及试验研究.理论分析结果表明,压电液压马达的性能是由压电振子/泵腔/截止阀/液压缸的结构尺寸、负载及工作频率等多种要素共同决定的,只有当相关要素合理配置时才能实现压电液压马达的预期功能.在其他参数确定的情况下,当负载为其最大驱动力的二分之一时输出功率和能量最大.利用尺寸为4 mm×4 mm×80 mm的压电叠堆制作了腔体直径为30 mm的压电泵,并对其直接输送流体及驱动液压缸时的流量、压力及功率等性能进行了测试与对比分析.结果表明,采用直径为15 mm的液压缸时,压电液压马达的最大速度、推力及功率分别为12.5 mm/s、32 N和93 mW.