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31.
MICHAEL KOZEMPEL NEIL GOLDBERG J. ANDRA DICKENS KIM D. INGRAM JAMES C. CRAIG 《Journal of food process engineering》2003,26(5):447-468
The Vacuum/Steam/Vacuum surface intervention pilot plant processor was scaled up to a mobile unit that can be transported to close proximity of chicken processing plants. After several modifications to the mandrel that supports the broiler carcass in the treatment chamber to minimize mechanical damage, the unit was capable of 1.1 log cfu/mL kill of inoculated Listeria innocua and 1.4 log cfu/mL kill of inoculated E. coli K‐12. Field tests achieved 1.4 log kill of E. coli and 1.2 log kill of Campylobacter on freshly processed chicken using 3 cycles and 138C saturated steam. But, there was extensive mechanical damage. the mandrel was modified in the Eastern Regional Research Center pilot plant to eliminate the mechanical damage. With mechanical damage eliminated, the bacteria kill was 1.1–1.5 log of inoculated E. coli K‐12 with a total process time of 1.1 s. 相似文献
32.
YOUNG-IN KWON EMMANOUIL APOSTOLIDIS YOUNG-CHEUL KIM KALIDAS SHETTY 《Journal of Food Biochemistry》2009,33(5):649-673
Tissue culture-generated shoot-based clonal lines of oregano that have a short and long life span during in vitro culture were investigated to determine the role of proline-linked pentose phosphate pathway in modulating phenolic response following ultraviolet (UV) exposure. This novel reductant cycling pathway for energy and oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is more efficient in long life span O-17 clonal line in response to UV and this supported antioxidant response. UV treatment stimulated rosmarinic acid and associated antioxidant enzyme response in O-17 clonal line compared with short life span O-3 clonal line. Additionally, O-17 clonal line had higher glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and guaicol peroxidase activity in response to UV exposure compared with O-3 clonal line, indicating stimulation of anabolic pathway supporting PPP during UV treatment. The stimulation of proline dehydrogenase (PDH) activity in O-17 clonal line in response to UV indicated a switch to PDH-linked energy pathway via proline oxidation.
This oregano clonal model of ultraviolet (UV)-induced oxidative stress management has implications for designing dietary phytochemicals to manage oxidation-linked disease in humans. Further, the correlation between UV-linked inducibility of phenolic-linked antioxidant enzyme response through proline-linked pentose phosphate pathway and life span of in vitro shoot cultures of specific oregano clonal lines can be a good model for aging studies. The metabolic response link to aging and protective phytochemicals can be investigated in oregano tissue cultures, and phenolic extracts from various responding clonal lines could be explored in other eukaryotic aging models. 相似文献
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
This oregano clonal model of ultraviolet (UV)-induced oxidative stress management has implications for designing dietary phytochemicals to manage oxidation-linked disease in humans. Further, the correlation between UV-linked inducibility of phenolic-linked antioxidant enzyme response through proline-linked pentose phosphate pathway and life span of in vitro shoot cultures of specific oregano clonal lines can be a good model for aging studies. The metabolic response link to aging and protective phytochemicals can be investigated in oregano tissue cultures, and phenolic extracts from various responding clonal lines could be explored in other eukaryotic aging models. 相似文献
33.
34.
Masazumi OKIDO Ryoichi ICHINO Seong-Jong KIM Seok-Ki JANG 《中国有色金属学会会刊》2009,19(4):892-897
The chemical conversion coating was formed on Mg alloy for low cost and harmlessness in environment by using the colloidal silica as the main component. The film formed at 298 K was thick, which was thought to be the combination of Si and O. In salt spray test, the ratio of black rust on the specimen that did not conducted chemical conversion treatment was five times or more than those of the chemical conversion treated specimen. The film of chemical conversion coating produced by alkali treatment process was thinner than the specimen produced in basic chemical conversion treatment solution. 相似文献
35.
Daily meat consumption produces a lot of bone waste, and dumped bone waste without treatment would result in environmental hazards. Conventional treatment methods of waste bones have some disadvantages. Herein, an investigation of bone waste treated using thermal plasma technology is presented. A high-temperature plasma torch operated at 25.2 kW was used to treat bone waste for seven minutes. The bone waste was finally changed into vitric matter and lost 2/3 of its weight after the treatment. The process was highly efficient, economical, convenient, and fuel-free. This method could be used as an alternative for disposal of bone waste, small infectious animals, hazardous hospital waste, etc. 相似文献
36.
Despite the fact that a radio frequency (RF) shielding box affects a coil inductance used in matching network, RF engineers have used a coil inductance measured in open space on designing matching networks since it is difficult to precisely measure the coil inductance within the RF shielding box. In this work, we investigate the influences of the RF shielding box on the coil inductance via a 3D full electromagnetic wave simulation. Simulation results shows that the coil inductance decreases from -6.0% to -11.9% compared with its ideal inductance depending on coil positions within the RF shielding box. Both inductive and capacitive coupling between the coil and surfaces of the RF shielding box contribute to the reduction of the coil inductance. We expect that these results would be useful for those who design RF matching networks. 相似文献
37.
Youn-Bae KANG Dae-Hee WOO Ye-Jin KIM Henri GAYE Hae-Geon LEE 《Baosteel Technical Research》2010,(Z1):23
MnO-SiO2-Al2O3-MnS oxysulfide system has been investigated by experimental phase diagram and activity measurement coupled with thermodynamic modeling.Phase equilibria of the MnO-MnS,MnO-SiO2-MnS, MnO-Al2O3-MnS and MnO-SiO2-Al2O3-MnS systems under low oxygen partial pressure have been experimentally investigated for the temperature range of 1 185 to 1 500℃using equilibration and quenching techniques. Equilibrium phases were analyzed by scanning electron microscope,electron probe X-ray microanalysis(EPMA), and differential thermal analysis(DTA ).Phase diagrams were successfully constructed for the systems investigated.Two ternary compounds in the MnO-SiO2-MnS system were found.Activities of MnO and MnS in MnO-SiO2-Al2O3-MnS liquid oxysulfide solution from very low sulfur concentration to high sulfur concentration at solid MnS saturation were investigated employing gas/liquid/Pt - Mn alloy under controlled atmosphere at 1 500℃.As X(SiO2)/(X(MnO) + X(SiO2)) increases in liquid oxysulfide solution,activity coefficient of MnO decreases while that of MnS increases.As X(AlO1.5) increases,the activity coefficient of MnS increases while no remarkable change was observed for the activity coefficient of MnO.Quantitative analysis of the thermodynamic properties of the oxysulfide solution as well as phase diagram of the system was also earned out by employing the Modified Quasichemical Model in the quadruplet approximation.In view of inclusion utilization for free - cutting steel,it might have an advantage to decrease the Al2O3 content and increase the MnO/SiO2 ratio. 相似文献
38.
Compatible phases in the system Li2 O-Al2 O3 -TiO2 at various temperature levels were determined mainly by solid-state reactions for the portion of the ternary system bounded by Li2 O Al2 O2 , Li2 O.TiO2 , Al2 O, and TiO2 . The existence of a ternary compound, Li2 O.Al2 O3 .4TiO2 , and nine joins was established. The ternary compound has a lower limit of stability at 1090°± 15°C. and dissociates and recombines rapidly at 1380°± 15°C. 相似文献
39.
A novel approach is proposed for improving adaptive feedback cancellation using a variable step-size affine projection algorithm(VSS-APA) based on global speech absence probability(GSAP).The variable step-size of the proposed VSS-APA is adjusted according to the GSAP of the current frame.The weight vector of the adaptive filter is updated by the probability of the speech absence.The performance measure of acoustic feedback cancellation is evaluated using normalized misalignment.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach has better performance than the normalized least mean square(NLMS) and the constant step-size affine projection algorithms. 相似文献
40.
Cloud computing is becoming a key factor in the market day by day. Therefore, many companies are investing or going to invest in this sector for development of large data centers. These data centers not only consume more energy but also produce greenhouse gases. Because of large amount of power consumption, data center providers go for different types of power generator to increase the profit margin which indirectly affects the environment. Several studies are carried out to reduce the power consumption of a data center. One of the techniques to reduce power consumption is virtualization. After several studies, it is stated that hardware plays a very important role. As the load increases, the power consumption of the CPU is also increased. Therefore, by extending the study of virtualization to reduce the power consumption, a hardware-based algorithm for virtual machine provisioning in a private cloud can significantly improve the performance by considering hardware as one of the important factors. 相似文献