Characterization and Food Application of an Amperometric Needle-Type L-Lactate Sensor

There have been increasing needs for biosensing in the food industry because it is accurate, rapid and efficient. A needle-type L-lactate sensor with a three-layer membrane system which uses lactate oxidase as the biological component was prepared. The sensor had an optimum pH around 9–10 and an optimum temperature at 45 C. The current response was stable over 40 days and specifically responded to L-lactic acid. The sensor gave accurate L-lactate measurements in kimchi and yogurt of 187.4 ± 4.1 and 734.1 ± 34.5 mg/dL, similar to those of a spectrophotometric L-lactate kit.     

Microstructure and Hydrodynamic Properties of Soybean Protein Bodies in Solutions

The changes in the size and shape of soybean protein bodies in different solvent systems were observed, and their influence on hydrodynamic properties in solutions was investigated by capillary viscometer. The intrinsic viscosity of the isolated protein bodies varied with the type of dispersion media; 0.036 cm³/g in CCI₄-benzene solution, 0.355 cm³/g in 50% glycerol-water mixture, 0.574 cm³/g in water at pH 7, and 1.18 cm³/g in the aqueous solution at pH 12. The hydration of the protein bodies in different dispersion media was estimated by Oncley's method and Mooney's method. The estimated degree of hydration agreed well with the swelling of the protein bodies as observed by microscope.     

Elastic-plastic fracture mechanics assessment for steam generator tubes with through-wall cracks

The present work provides an elastic‐plastic fracture mechanics (EPFM) assessment scheme for a steam generator tube with a through‐wall crack under internal pressure. Noting that the geometry and material are rather uniform for steam generator tubes, and furthermore the only loading to be considered is internal pressure, an engineering EPFM analysis method is proposed to assess through‐wall cracks in steam generator tubes. Important outcomes of the present work are closed‐form approximations for J and crack opening displacement (COD). Sufficient confidence in the proposed J and COD estimates is gained from good agreements with the finite element results over a wide range of the crack length and pressure magnitude. Another important element of the EPFM assessment is to determine relevant J‐resistance curve for steam generator tubes. To improve the accuracy of predicting tube failure, the present paper also proposes a new method to determine fracture toughness using an actual tubular specimen instead of using a standard specimen, from which J‐resistance curves of steam generator tubes are obtained. Using the proposed J and toughness estimates, maximum pressures of steam generator tubes with through‐wall crack are estimated based on EPFM analysis, which is compared with experimental results and predicted ones based on limit load approach.     

Performance analysis of the IEEE 802.16e power management for the initiations of awakening

To increase battery life in IEEE 802.16e systems, it is essential to efficiently manage energy in mobile stations. The sleep-mode operation in power management helps to increase the life of a station by saving energy consumption. In power management, there are two important performance metrics energy consumption and the response delay of awakening medium access control (MAC) service data unit (SDU). While in a base station (BS) initiation of awakening, the two performance metrics should be simultaneously considered, in a mobile subscriber station (MSS) initiation of awakening, the response delay is not considered because it is self-operational. There performance metrics are affected by the minimum sleep interval (Tmin), the maximum sleep interval (Tmax), and the average interarrival time of awakening MAC SDUs (TI) during sleep-mode operation. Therefore, it is imperative to evaluate the two initiations of awakening depending on TI. To reach a fuller understanding of the performance, this paper shows an analytical mode and simulations results for the standard sleep-mode operation in the IEEE 802.16e MAC.     

A LOGIC PROGRAMMING APPROACH TO HYBRID KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION

A new hybrid system called Sphinx is presented which combines classification-based reasoning with logic programming technique. It consists of two major components: a terminological component and an assertional one. The former uses a frame-based knowledge representation scheme based on classification and the latter is a theorem prover based on Horn logic. The assertional component can also handle a first-order query language and wh-questions. A new knowledge base maintenance mechanism based on the negation as failure inference rule enables Sphinx to support incremental assertions and retractions. In addition, Sphinx provides explanation capability to help the user in developing and debugging knowledge bases.     

从难处理金精矿氯化浸金溶液中吸附金

对国内某难处理金精矿高压氧化渣进行氯化浸出及吸附试验。结果表明,在下述最佳条件下浸金率达到96.5%:次氯酸钠浓度10g/L、pH=4、氯化钠浓度75g/L、温度40℃、液固比3∶1、搅拌速度300r/min、时间120min。浸金液在室温采用1g/L的717阴离子交换树脂吸附30min,金吸附率达到99.2%。该方法污染少、操作简单、反应速度快。     

Starch Noodle Quality as Related to Potato Genotypes

Starch noodles were prepared using potato starch from 8 genotypes, mung bean starch, mung bean-potato starch blends, and sweet potato starch. The cooking quality of noodles from selected potato starches compared well with commercial starch noodles. Of the unblended potato starches, Mainechip exhibited cooking quality similar to commercial starch noodles with respect to cooking loss, cooked weight, and ?rmness. Appearance and texture of starch noodles from three genotypes (E55-35, Mainechip, and Shasta) were evaluated by a trained sensory panel. Noodles made from unblended potato starches had higher glossiness and transparency than those from other starches. Noodles from both un-blended and blended Mainechip starch had the highest press and elasticity.     

Calculation of optimal current density of double side permanent magnet linear synchronous motor

The use of design method considering a coil temperature to maximize the thrust density of a double side coreless permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) was presented. The optimal current density where the coil temperature reaches an allowable temperature with heat analysis was applied to a magnetic circuit design. Changing optimal current density is verified whenever the design parameters of the motor are altered. The design parameters of the motor were applied to thrust calculation. In this way, the optimal model, which is a reversal of the existing design method, is deduced. The results were compared with the experimental data to verify their validity. When the convection heat transfer coefficient is applied to other models, the results of the analysis and test values show good concordance. The method proposed has some limitations.     

热挤压对AZ31-0.25%Sb合金组织与性能的影响

通过不同温度热挤压处理、力学性能测试和组织形貌观察,研究了热挤压处理对AZ31-0.25%Sb镁合金组织与性能的影响.结果表明：热挤压处理可有效提高合金的力学性能,经220 ℃热挤压处理,合金的室温抗拉强度由263 MPa提高到297.6 MPa,屈服强度由96 MPa提高到222.1 MPa,提高幅度达131.4%;热挤压处理提高AZ31-0.5Sb%合金强度的原因是：挤压期间产生了形变强化和发生的动态再结晶,形变产生的高密度位错可提高合金的抗拉强度,而发生动态再结晶形成的细小晶粒可有效提高合金的屈服强度.