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101.
102.
The effects of hydrogen (protium) or deuterium absorption∕desorption cycling on the strength and hardness of well-annealed palladium have been evaluated in this study. The results indicate that absorption followed by complete desorption of hydrogen or deuterium increases the strength and hardness characteristics of the palladium matrix while decreasing the metal's ductility. Increasing the amount of hydrogen or deuterium during absorption leads to more pronounced effects on the strength, hardness, and ductility of palladium. The effects of hydrogen absorption∕desorption are more pronounced than those of deuterium absorption∕desorption. The observed results have been explained in terms of the generation of dislocations during hydrogen or deuterium cycling. 相似文献
103.
Molecular quantum-dot cellular automaton (QCA) offers an alternative paradigm for computing at the nano-scale. QCA circuits
require an external clock which can be generated using a network of submerged electrodes to synchronize information flow and
provide the required power to drive the computation. In this paper, the effect of electrode separation and applied potential
on the likelihood of different QCA cell states of molecular cells located above and in between two adjacent electrodes is
analyzed. Using this analysis, estimates of operational ranges are developed for the placement, applied potential, and relative
phase between adjacent clocking electrodes to ensure that only those states that are used in the computation are energetically
favorable. Conclusions on the trade-off between cell size, cell-to-cell distance, and applied clocking potential are drawn
and the temperature dependence of the operation of fundamental QCA building blocks is considered. 相似文献
104.
105.
Approximate analytical expressions are derived for the mean gain and the excess noise factor of avalanche photodiodes including the effect of dead space. The analysis is based on undertaking a characteristic-equation approach to obtain an approximate analytical solution to the existing system of recurrence equations which characterize the statistics of the random multiplication gain. The analytical expressions for the excess noise factor and the mean gain are shown to be in good agreement with the exact results obtained from numerical solutions of the recurrence equations for values of the dead space reaching up to 20% of the width of the multiplication region 相似文献
106.
Improvement of the corrosion fatigue behavior of steels by paint-coating Paint-coatings have been used extensively to prevent corrosion of steel. In order to investigate the influence of an anticorrosive paint on the corrosion fatigue strength of steel, specimens of SAE 4135 in a quenched and tempered state, and in salt bath nitrocarburized state, on the one hand, and specimens of the steel SAE 5115 in a salt bath carburized state, on the other hand, were subjected to comparative rotating bending fatigue tests in inert media and in aqueous 5 pct NaCl. The results demonstrate that the 5 pct NaCl environment is reducing fatigue life drastically, but the painting treatment, however, was found to improve significantly the corrosion fatigue life. Regarding the beneficial effect of the painting treatment on the corrosion fatigue behavior, a superiority of the nitrocarburized variant in contrast to the other variants was ascertained. 相似文献
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109.
Karim A. Black K.A. Abraham P. Lofgreen D. Chiu Y.J. Piprek J. Bowers J.E. 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》2000,12(11):1438-1440
We report 85/spl deg/C continuous-wave electrically pumped operation of a 1528-nm vertical-cavity laser. An InP-InGaAsP active region was wafer bonded to the GaAs-AlGaAs mirrors, with a superlattice barrier to reduce the defect density in the active region. 相似文献
110.
A.A. Karim A. Pei‐Lang Tie D.M.A. Manan I.S.M. Zaidul 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2008,7(3):215-228
ABSTRACT: The common industrial starches are typically derived from cereals (corn, wheat, rice, sorghum), tubers (potato, sweet potato), roots (cassava), and legumes (mung bean, green pea). Sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) starch is perhaps the only example of commercial starch derived from another source, the stem of palm (sago palm). Sago palm has the ability to thrive in the harsh swampy peat environment of certain areas. It is estimated that there are about 2 million ha of natural sago palm forests and about 0.14 million ha of planted sago palm at present, out of a total swamp area of about 20 million ha in Asia and the Pacific Region, most of which are under‐ or nonutilized. Growing in a suitable environment with organized farming practices, sago palm could have a yield potential of up to 25 tons of starch per hectare per year. Sago starch yield per unit area could be about 3 to 4 times higher than that of rice, corn, or wheat, and about 17 times higher than that of cassava. Compared to the common industrial starches, however, sago starch has been somewhat neglected and relatively less attention has been devoted to the sago palm and its starch. Nevertheless, a number of studies have been published covering various aspects of sago starch such as molecular structure, physicochemical and functional properties, chemical/physical modifications, and quality issues. This article is intended to piece together the accumulated knowledge and highlight some pertinent information related to sago palm and sago starch studies. 相似文献