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21.
A phenomenon was discovered wherein light scattering strength from cracks increases when tensile stress is applied to micro-cracks produced in the interlayer dielectric film by chemical mechanical polishing treatment. It is likely that the change in light scattering intensity occurs because a region of high stress concentration (region with high variation in index of refraction) is produced near the crack tip due to stress, thus forming a type of scatterer. With this method, it is possible to detect only scatterers which respond to stress, and thus, it is possible to classify and separately detect cracks and particles. 相似文献
22.
Yoshiaki Ukita Kazuhiro Kanda Shinji Matsui Mitsuyoshi Kishihara Yuichi Utsumi 《Microsystem Technologies》2008,14(9-11):1567-1572
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microstructures’ processing characteristics using X-ray photo dcomposition and desorption are studied in the highest energy region (2 keV to >12 keV). While the exposed surface states are seen melting and boiling from the remaining bubble structure of the irradiated surface, basic photochemistry of PTFE is also same as previous reports and high-aspect ratio structures are successfully formed. We developed new Ni stencil electroformed stencil masks and successfully fabricated first and practical example of PTFE micro fluidic parts. The characteristics of fabricated micro fluidic parts, a PTFE fluid filter for vertical fluid flow operation which works as passive valve, agreed with the calculated results. This suggests that the accuracy of patterning is adequate to apply this technique to fabricate microfluidic parts and other various microparts. 相似文献
23.
Zihan Ma Xiaofei Lu Sunghyun Park Tatsuya Shinagawa Masashi Okubo Kazuhiro Takanabe Atsuo Yamada 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(25):2214466
Hydrogen is a promising alternative to fossil fuels that can reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Decoupled water electrolysis system using a reversible proton storage redox mediator, where the oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction are separated in time and space, is an effective approach to producing hydrogen gas with high purity, high flexibility, and low cost. To realize fast hydrogen production in such a system, a redox mediator capable of releasing protons rapidly is required. Herein, α-MoO3, with an ultrafast proton transfer property that can be explained by a dense hydrogen bond network in the lattice oxygen arrays of HxMoO3, is examined as a high-rate redox mediator for fast hydrogen production in acidic electrolytes. The α-MoO3 redox mediator shows both a large capacity of 204 mAh g−1 and fast hydrogen production at a current rate of 10 A cm−2(≈153 A g−1), outperforming most of the previously reported solid-state redox mediators. 相似文献
24.
Factors associated with serum magnesium and vascular stiffness in maintenance hemodialysis patients
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Mai Yorifuji Takahiro Kuragano Sayuri Kawada Wataru Fukao Kazuhiro Toyoda Takeshi Nakanishi 《Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis》2018,22(3):342-350
Introduction : We evaluated the associated factors of serum magnesium in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Furthermore, we evaluated the relationship between low serum magnesium and arteriosclerosis in these patients. Methods : In 129 patients on MHD, we evaluated the blood levels of magnesium, brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (ba‐PWV), ankle‐brachial index (ABI), and intima‐media thickness of the common carotid artery (IMT). Findings : In MHD patients, the serum level of magnesium was significantly correlated with age, calcium, TNF‐α, albumin, and ba‐PWV but not with ABI or IMT. In the multiple regression analysis, albumin (P = 0.0001, β = 0.31) and calcium (P = 0.029, β = 0.18) were selected as significant predictors of the magnesium level in MHD patients. Furthermore, the serum level of magnesium, as well as systolic blood pressure (P = 0.0001, β = 0.32) and age (P = 0.005, β = 0.25), were selected as significant (P = 0.012, β = ?0.22) predictors of ba‐PWV in MHD patients. Discussion : In MHD patients, the serum magnesium level was associated with the serum levels of calcium and albumin. Furthermore, a low serum magnesium level in MHD patients was associated with the index of vascular stiffness. 相似文献
25.
Masahiro Kitada Kazuhiro Yamamoto 《Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics》1996,7(6):447-449
The effects of Ta addition on the magnetic properties of permalloy thin films have been investigated. The alloy compositions on a weight basis are (Ni81Fe19)1-x
Ta
x
with 0 x 0.105, and the films are sputtered onto a glass substrate at between room temperature and 300 C. The saturation magnetization and anisotropic magnetic field decrease with increasing Ta content. The saturation magnetization is 0.75 T at 5 wt % Ta. The coercivity remains constant at 125 Am-1. The electrical resistivity increases linearly with increasing Ta content, then saturates at approximately 7.5 wt% Ta. The saturation resistivity is approximately 1.00 m. The magnetoresistivity ratio (/) decreases with increasing Ta content, mainly due to increased electrical resistivity (). The magnetostriction changes from negative to positive with increasing Ta content and reaches nearly zero at 2 wt% Ta. The NiFeTa films containing 5–6 wt% Ta have potential for use as the soft-biasing film in magnetoresistive elements. 相似文献
26.
The activity of CaO in the CaO-ZrO2 system has been measured at 1572 to 1877 K with a Galvanic cell composed of 4CaO ? P2O5 as the solid electrolyte. The activity ZrO2 was calculated from the activity of CaO by integrating the Gibbs-Duhem relation. From the activities of CaO and ZrO2, the standard Gibbs free energy of formation of CaO ? ZrO2 was determined as follows: ΔG f 0 /J mol?1 = -25,200 (±150) - 17.58 (±0.085)T (1633 to 1873 K) 相似文献
27.
Kazuhiro Hotta Author Vitae 《Pattern recognition》2010,43(3):906-913
Kernel-based methods are effective for object detection and recognition. However, the computational cost when using kernel functions is high, except when using linear kernels. To realize fast and robust recognition, we apply normalized linear kernels to local regions of a recognition target, and the kernel outputs are integrated by summation. This kernel is referred to as a local normalized linear summation kernel. Here, we show that kernel-based methods that employ local normalized linear summation kernels can be computed by a linear kernel of local normalized features. Thus, the computational cost of the kernel is nearly the same as that of a linear kernel and much lower than that of radial basis function (RBF) and polynomial kernels. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated in face detection and recognition problems, and we confirm that our kernel provides higher accuracy with lower computational cost than RBF and polynomial kernels. In addition, our kernel is also robust to partial occlusion and shadows on faces since it is based on the summation of local kernels. 相似文献
28.
This paper presents an algebraic approach to polynomial spectral factorization, an important mathematical tool in signal processing and control. The approach exploits an intriguing relationship between the theory of Gröbner bases and polynomial spectral factorization which can be observed through the sum of roots, and allows us to perform polynomial spectral factorization in the presence of real parameters. It is discussed that parametric polynomial spectral factorization enables us to express quantities such as the optimal cost in terms of parameters and the sum of roots. Furthermore an optimization method over parameters is suggested that makes use of the results from parametric polynomial spectral factorization and also employs two quantifier elimination techniques. This proposed approach is demonstrated in a numerical example of a particular control problem. 相似文献
29.
Shiro Kumano Kazuhiro Otsuka Junji Yamato Eisaku Maeda Yoichi Sato 《International Journal of Computer Vision》2009,83(2):178-194
In this paper, we propose a method for pose-invariant facial expression recognition from monocular video sequences. The advantage
of our method is that, unlike existing methods, our method uses a simple model, called the variable-intensity template, for
describing different facial expressions. This makes it possible to prepare a model for each person with very little time and
effort. Variable-intensity templates describe how the intensities of multiple points, defined in the vicinity of facial parts,
vary with different facial expressions. By using this model in the framework of a particle filter, our method is capable of
estimating facial poses and expressions simultaneously. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. A recognition
rate of over 90% is achieved for all facial orientations, horizontal, vertical, and in-plane, in the range of ±40 degrees,
±20 degrees, and ±40 degrees from the frontal view, respectively.
Electronic Supplementary Material The online version of this article () contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
30.
Takashi Soga Akihiro Musa Koki Okabe Kazuhiko Komatsu Ryusuke Egawa Hiroyuki Takizawa Hiroaki Kobayashi Shun Takahashi Daisuke Sasaki Kazuhiro Nakahashi 《Computers & Fluids》2011,45(1):215-221
The building-cube method (BCM) is a new generation algorithm for CFD simulations. The basic idea of BCM is to simplify the algorithm in all stages of flow computation to achieve large-scale simulations. Calculation of a pressure field using the Successive Over Relaxation (SOR) method consumes most of the total execution time required for BCM. In this paper, effective implementations on modern vector and scalar processors are investigated. NEC SX-9 and Intel Nehalem-EX are the latest vector and scalar processors. Those processors have much higher peak performances than their previous-generation processors. However, their memory bandwidth improvement cannot catch up with the performance improvement of processors. This is the so-called memory wall problem. In our paper, we discuss optimization techniques for implementation of the SOR method based on architectural characteristics of these modern processors, and evaluate their effects on the sustained performances of these processors for BCM. 相似文献