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81.
Fan Zhang To-yat Cheung 《IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence》2003,29(1):1-14
The fault-state detection approach for blackbox testing consists of two phases. The first is to bring the system under test (SUT) from its initial state to a targeted state t and the second is to check various specified properties of the SUT at t. This paper investigates the first phase for testing systems specified as observable nondeterministic finite-state machines with probabilistic and weighted transitions. This phase involves two steps. The first step transfers the SUT to some state t' and the second step identifies whether t' is indeed the targeted state t or not. State transfer is achieved by moving the SUT along one of the paths of a transfer tree (TT) and state identification is realized by using diagnosis trees (DT). A theoretical foundation for the existence and characterization of TT and DT with minimum weighted height or minimum average weight is presented. Algorithms for their computation are proposed. 相似文献
82.
Carlos Fernandes Agostinho C. Rosa 《Soft Computing - A Fusion of Foundations, Methodologies and Applications》2008,12(10):955-979
Mate selection plays a crucial role in both natural and artificial systems. While traditional Evolutionary Algorithms (EA)
usually engage in random mating strategies, that is, mating chance is independent of genotypic or phenotypic distance between
individuals, in natural systems non-random mating is common, which means that somehow this mechanism has been favored during
the evolutionary process. In non-random mating, the individuals mate according to their parenthood or likeness. Previous studies
indicate that negative assortative mating (AM)—also known as dissortative mating—, which is a specific type of non-random mating, may improve EAs performance by maintaining the genetic diversity of the
population at a higher level during the search process. In this paper we present the Variable Dissortative Mating Genetic Algorithm (VDMGA). The algorithm holds a mechanism that varies the GA’s mating restrictions during the run by means of simple rule
based on the number of chromosomes created in each generation and indirectly influenced by the genetic diversity of the population.
We compare VDMGA not only with traditional Genetic Algorithms (GA) but also with two preceding non-random mating EAs: the
CHC algorithm and the negative Assortative Mating Genetic Algorithm (nAMGA). We intend to study the effects of the different methods in the performance of GAs and verify the reliability of
the proposed algorithm when facing an heterogeneous set of landscapes. In addition, we include the positive Assortative Mating Genetic Algorithm (pAMGA) in the experiments in order test both negative and positive AM mechanisms, and try to understand if and when negative
AM (or DM) speeds up the search process or enables the GAs to escape local optima traps. For these purposes, an extensive
set of optimization test problems was chosen to cover a variety of search landscapes with different characteristics. Our results
confirm that negative AM is effective in leading EAs out of local optima traps, and show that the proposed VDMGA is at least
as efficient as nAMGA when applied to the range of our problems, being more efficient in very hard functions were traditional
GAs usually fail to escape local optima. Also, scalability tests have been made that show VDMGA ability to decrease optimal
population size, thus reducing the amount of evaluations needed to attain global optima. We like to stress that only two parameters
need to be hand-tuned in VDMGA, thus reducing the tuning effort present in traditional GAs and nAMGA. 相似文献
83.
84.
Somsak Vanit-Anunchai Jonathan Billington Guy Edward Gallasch 《International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer (STTT)》2008,10(1):29-56
State space explosion is a key problem in the analysis of finite state systems. The sweep-line method is a state exploration
method which uses a notion of progress to allow states to be deleted from memory when they are no longer required. This reduces
the peak number of states that need to be stored, while still exploring the full state space. The technique shows promise
but has never achieved reductions greater than about a factor of 10 in the number of states stored in memory for industrially
relevant examples. This paper discusses sweep-line analysis of the connection management procedures of a new Internet standard,
the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP). As the intuitive approaches to sweep-line analysis are not effective, we
introduce new variables to track progress. This creates further state explosion. However, when used with the sweep-line, the
peak number of states is reduced by over two orders of magnitude compared with the original. Importantly, this allows DCCP
to be analysed for larger parameter values.
Somsak Vanit-Anunchai was partially supported by an Australian Research Council Discovery Grant (DP0559927) and Suranaree
University of Technology.
Guy Edward Gallasch was supported by an Australian Research Council Discovery Grant (DP0559927). 相似文献
85.
Takeshi Shiofuku Norihiro Abe Yoshihiro Tabuchi Hirokazu Taki Shoujie He 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2008,13(1):290-293
This paper presents an approach of measuring in real-time the vector of finger that is pointing to an object. DSP is used
in the operation processing unit in order to do the real-time processing. The steps include the extraction of flesh-colored
regions from an image, the labeling of the flesh-colored regions, and the detection of two characteristic positions on the
finger so that the direction that the finger is pointing at will be calculated. The entire process takes about 29 msec, which
makes it possible to have the frame rate of 34 fps. With this frame rate, this measurement approach is considered real-time
and promising to be merged into other application systems.
This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January
31–February 2, 2008 相似文献
86.
Amnon H. Eden 《Minds and Machines》2007,17(1):121-123
87.
Entrainment and musicality in the human system interface 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Satinder P. Gill 《AI & Society》2007,21(4):567-605
What constitutes our human capacity to engage and be in the same frame of mind as another human? How do we come to share a sense of what ‘looks good’ and what ‘makes sense’? How do we handle differences and come to coexist with them? How do we come to feel that we understand what someone else is experiencing? How are we able to walk in silence with someone familiar and be sharing a peaceful space? All of these aspects are part of human ‘interaction’. In designing interactive technologies designers have endeavoured to explicate, analyse and simulate, our capacity for social adaptation. Their motivations are mixed and include the desires to improve efficiency, improve consumption, to connect people, to make it easier for people to work together, to improve education and learning. In these endeavours to explicate, analyse and simulate, there is a fundamental human capacity that is beyond technology and that facilitates these aspects of being, feeling and thinking with others. That capacity, we suggest, is human entrainment. This is our ability to coordinate the timing of our behaviours and rhythmically synchronise our attentional resources. Expressed within the movements of our bodies and voices, it has a quality that is akin to music. In this paper, disparate domains of research such as pragmatics, social psychology, behaviourism, cognitive science, computational linguistics, gesture, are brought together, and considered in light of the developments in interactive technology, in order to shape a conceptual framework for understanding entrainment in everyday human interaction. 相似文献
88.
The main difficulty with EM algorithm for mixture model concerns the number of components, say g. This is the question of model selection, and the EM algorithm itself could not estimate g. On the contrary, the algorithm requires g to be specified before the remaining parameters can be estimated. To solve this problem, a new algorithm, which is called stepwise split-and-merge EM (SSMEM) algorithm, is proposed. The SSMEM algorithm alternately splits and merges components, estimating g and other parameters of components simultaneously. Also, two novel criteria are introduced to efficiently select the components for split or merge. Experimental results on simulated and real data demonstrate the effectivity of the proposed algorithm. 相似文献
89.
绿色易切削无铅黄铜棒的研制 总被引:10,自引:3,他引:7
铅黄铜广泛应用于水暖卫浴领域,但铅易溶出造成污染。我公司开发研制的HB-20易切削无铅黄铜棒,用铋元素替代铅黄铜中的铅元素,既能达到铅黄铜棒的切削性能和机械性能,又能达到水暖卫浴行业的环保要求。 相似文献
90.
本文运用全面质量管理的方法,对设备故障进行分析,提出预防措施,降低设备故障率,进而取消值班制实现减人增效、系统降本。 相似文献