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991.
The major challenge in designing wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is the support of the functional, such as data latency, and the non-functional, such as data integrity, requirements while coping with the computation, energy and communication constraints. Careful node placement can be a very effective optimization means for achieving the desired design goals. In this paper, we report on the current state of the research on optimized node placement in WSNs. We highlight the issues, identify the various objectives and enumerate the different models and formulations. We categorize the placement strategies into static and dynamic depending on whether the optimization is performed at the time of deployment or while the network is operational, respectively. We further classify the published techniques based on the role that the node plays in the network and the primary performance objective considered. The paper also highlights open problems in this area of research. 相似文献
992.
Effects of inulin and oligofructose on the rheological characteristics and probiotic culture survival in low-fat probiotic ice cream 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ABSTRACT: The effects of supplementation of oligofructose or inulin on the rheological characteristics and survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12 in low-fat ice cream stored at –18 °C for 90 d were studied. Addition of oligofructose or inulin to ice cream mix significantly increased apparent viscosity and overrun and developed the melting properties in ice cream during storage ( P < 0.05). However, the highest increase in firmness, the lowest change in melting properties, and the longest 1st dripping time were obtained in probiotic ice cream containing inulin ( P < 0.05). Some textural properties have also improved especially by the end of storage. Freezing process caused a significant decrease in the viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12 ( P < 0.05). Oligofructose significantly improved the viability of L. acidophilus La-5 and B. animalis Bb-12 in ice cream mix ( P < 0.05). Although the viable numbers for both bacteria decreased throughout the storage, the minimum level of 106 CFU/g was maintained for B. animalis Bb-12 in only ice cream with oligofructose during storage. 相似文献
993.
The acetone extract of the aerial parts of the plant Salvia cedronella Boiss. was screened for its total phenolic content and flavonoid content. The antioxidant potential was evaluated, in vitro, by using three different assays; β-carotene–linoleic acid test system for total antioxidant activity, DPPH for free radical scavenging activity, Fe2+–ferrozine test system for metal chelation. A high content of phenolics, potent radical scavenging ability and significant iron chelating effect were observed. However, the inhibition of lipid peroxidation was not significant in β-carotene–linoleic acid test system. A phytochemical analysis yielded a new coumarin, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymethyl coumarin, together with p-hydroxyphenylethyl docosanoate, and two triterpenoids oleanolic acid and betulinic acid. 相似文献
994.
The aerial parts of Salvia halophila and Salvia virgata were subjected to Soxhlet extraction with different solvents such as n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and aqueous methanol (50%). Plants were also extracted with water under reflux. The effects of the extracts were studied in p-benzoquinone-induced abdominal constriction test for the assessment of antinociceptive activity and carrageenan-induced hind paw edema and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate (TPA)-induced ear edema models in mice for the anti-inflammatory activity. The extracts were analysed using a HPLC–PDA method. Results showed that methanol extract of S. virgata significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced paw edema and p-benzoquinone-induced abdominal constriction at 100 mg/kg dose, while it showed no effect in the TPA-induced ear edema. On the other hand, the other extracts did not show any inhibitory antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in these in vivo models. Rosmarinic acid was found as main constituent in the extracts, while caffeic acid and luteolin derivatives were also detected. 相似文献
995.
Yusuf Kayalı Ismail Ucun Kubilay Aslantaş 《Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention》2009,9(3):288-294
Tapered roller bearings, which are also known as angular-contact bearing, are suitable for supporting radial and axial loads.
The more frequent types of defects in such bearings are caused by contact fatigue in these machine components, and this examination
focuses on a contact fatigue failure in a tapered rolling bearing. The examination included visual inspection, microscopic
analysis (optical and scanning electron microscope), and microhardness measurements. These measurements were conducted to
help understand the failure mechanisms. Based on the results of visual examination and microstructure and fracture surface
analysis, it was determined that the tapered roller bearing failed by contact fatigue that was caused by overloading of the
bearing. 相似文献
996.
Kemal Mese Oskar Bunz Wolfram Volkwein Sahithya P. B. Vemulapalli Wenli Zhang Sebastian Schellhorn Kristin Heenemann Antje Rueckner Andreas Sing Thomas W. Vahlenkamp Anna-Lena Severing Jian Gao Malik Aydin Dominik Jung Hagen S. Bachmann Kurt S. Znker Ulrich Busch Armin Baiker Christian Griesinger Anja Ehrhardt 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(18)
Previous studies reported on the broad-spectrum antiviral function of heparin. Here we investigated the antiviral function of magnesium-modified heparin and found that modified heparin displayed a significantly enhanced antiviral function against human adenovirus (HAdV) in immortalized and primary cells. Nuclear magnetic resonance analyses revealed a conformational change of heparin when complexed with magnesium. To broadly explore this discovery, we tested the antiviral function of modified heparin against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and found that the replication of HSV-1 was even further decreased compared to aciclovir. Moreover, we investigated the antiviral effect against the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and measured a 55-fold decreased viral load in the supernatant of infected cells associated with a 38-fold decrease in virus growth. The advantage of our modified heparin is an increased antiviral effect compared to regular heparin. 相似文献
997.
Daria Terekhov Mustafa K. Doğru Ulaş Özen J. Christopher Beck 《Computers & Industrial Engineering》2012
This paper considers a scheduling problem with component availability constraints in a supply chain consisting of two manufacturing facilities and a merge-in-transit facility. Three mixed-integer programming (MIP) models and a constraint programming (CP) model are compared in an extensive numerical study. Results show that when there are no components shared among the two manufacturers, the MIP model based on time-index variables is the best for proving optimality for problems with short processing times whereas the CP model tends to perform better than the others for problems with a large range of processing times. When shared components are added, the performance of all models deteriorates, with the time-indexed MIP providing the best results. By explicitly modelling the dependence of scheduling decisions on the availability of component parts, we contribute to the literature on the integration of inventory and scheduling decisions, which is necessary for solving realistic supply chain problems. 相似文献
998.
Adem Göleç Atılım Murat Ekin Tokat İ. Burhan Türkşen 《Expert systems with applications》2012,39(10):9275-9281
This paper examines the long-run relationship between the Shanghai index and CRB commodity index. We run our vector error correction model (VECM) for two sub-samples as pre-crisis period and post-crisis period. In pre-crisis period, there is strong bidirectional causality link between the Shanghai and CRB. In post-crisis period, there is no causality between the indices. In the second part of the article, we employ Fuzzy System Modeling (FSM) to increase the performances of root mean-square error, R2 and Adjusted R2. We show the results of our analysis for both Shanghai and CRB indexes. We have demonstrated the results for a good number of our investigations ANFIS, GENFIS, Classical LSE and three versions of support vector regression. For both Shanghai and CRB indexes, our FSMIFF with LSE obtains better results than all other models we have investigated and thus are more suitable for forecasting stable and unstable stock market behavior. 相似文献
999.
Murat Subaşı Sıdıka Şule Şener Yeşim Saraç 《Computers & Mathematics with Applications》2011,61(9):2854-2862
In this paper, we apply the Galerkin method to the problem of vibration of a one-dimensional system with free end conditions. Giving a MAPLE®procedure, we test the results on two numerical examples. 相似文献
1000.
Nabih Jaber Kemal E. Tepe Esam Abdel-Raheem 《Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory》2011,19(5):1294-1317
In this paper, a design of a new object-oriented simulation environment and graphical user interface (GUI) for versatile orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is presented. This is achieved using high-level design, parallelism and usability for the simulation environment. GUI interface can serve as a learning/research tool for students or practiced professionals to investigate particular designs. It is evident that OFDM systems intended to be used in dynamic environments must be tested under various conditions in order to be designed for optimality. Hence, a simulation design is proposed coupling the GUI, parallelism, and high-level object-oriented design techniques to be beneficial to the researcher. A high-level design and GUI layouts of the proposed simulator is shown in details. Important OFDM parameters needed for reconfiguration of transmitter components, channel condition parameters, and receiver components are discussed. In addition, this paper provides a simple technique to implement simulation partitioning for increased parallel performance of reconfigurable object-oriented OFDM simulators. This simple technique applies to scenarios where there is disproportionate simulation duration between different OFDM configurations. It is shown to decrease total simulation time considerably. 相似文献