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排序方式: 共有892条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Kentaro Okada Masataka Mori Kazuko Shimazaki Tatsuji Chuman 《Journal of chemical ecology》1991,17(4):695-706
The biological activities of synthetic periplanone analogs, including four candidates of periplanone-A (P-A), were evaluated by behavioral and electroantennogram (EAG) assays. Among 16 periplanone analogs, six compounds evoked pheromonal activity from the male American cockroaches. The threshold dosages of these biological active analogs were 10–105 times lower than that of the known periplanone mimic, germacrene-D. The conformation required for eliciting the pheromonal activity is discussed in terms of the structure-activity relationship of these analogs. Hauptmann's P-A elicited the strongest pheromonal activity among four candidates of P-A in our bioassay, suggesting that Hauptmann's P-A is a natural P-A produced from female cockroaches. 相似文献
22.
Hitomi Natomi Toshihito Saitoh Kentaro Sugano Masao Iwamori Masahisa Fukayama Yoshitaka Nagai 《Lipids》1993,28(8):737-742
The composition of the glycosphingolipids of the human gastrointestinal tract was studied. The major neutral glycosphingolipids
were ceramide monohexosides (e.g., GalCer, GlcCer), LacCer, Gb3Cer, Gb4Cer and more polar ones with more than four sugars, whereas neither Gg3Cer nor Gg4Cer were present. The acidic glycosphingolipids consisted of sulfatides and gangliosides such as GM3, GM1, GD3 and GD1a. Also a large amount of sulfatides was found in the gastric mucosa and duodenum. The concentrations of sulfatides in the
fundic mucosa, antral mucosa and duodenum amounted to 416.0, 933.8 and 682.9 nmol/g of dry weight, respectively, exceeding
those in the gastric mucosa and kidney of other mammals. The major molecular species of the sulfatides were identified as
I3SO3-GalCer with hydroxylated longer-chain fatty acids based on the analyses by gas-liquid chromatography and negative ion fast-atom
bombardment mass spectrometry. In contrast, gangliosides in these regions showed a tendency to be lower than sulfatides, and
the molar ratios of sulfatides to gangliosides were about 2.0, whereas those in other parts were less than 0.5. A high content
of sulfatides in the gastric and duodenal mucosa, where mucosa is easily insulted by acid, pepsin and bile salts, may be closely
related to their roles in mucosal protection.
The nomenclature used for gangliosides and other glycosphingolipids follows the system of Svennerholm (Ref. 1) and the recommendation
of the IUPAC-IUB Commission (Ref. 2), respectively. 相似文献
23.
Masayoshi Ohashi Kazuo Nakamura Kiyoshi Hirao Shuzo Kanzaki Stuart Hampshire 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1995,78(1):71-76
Homogeneous Y-Si-O-N glasses containing 15 or 20 eq% nitrogen (N) were prepared from compositions with Y/Si ratios in the vicinity of that of the lowest eutectic point on the Y2 O3 –SiO2 phase diagram. The liquidus on the phase diagram shifted toward lower temperatures by incorporation of N. The density, the elastic moduli, and the glass transition temperature of the Y-Si-O-N glasses increased with incorporation of N. This is due to the closer packing of atoms in the glasses by the substitution of N, which is in three-fold coordination with Si, for O which is in two-fold coordination, and the stronger covalent nature of the Si–N bond compared with the Si–O bond. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the Y-Si-O-N glasses increased with increasing Y content, because the discontinuity of the glass network developed with increasing nonbridging anions by the introduction of Y. In contrast, the glass transition temperature and the elastic moduli increased with Y content due to the high coordination of Y for O, and the relatively high cationic field strength of Y. Furthermore, the effect of cationic field strength on properties of Ln-Si-O-N glasses (Ln = lanthanides or Y) is discussed. 相似文献
24.
Kiyoshi Hirao Masayoshi Ohashi Manuel E. Brito Shuzo Kanzaki 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1995,78(6):1687-1690
Silicon nitride with a preferred orientation of large elongated grains was obtained by tape casting of raw powder slurry seeded with rodlike β-Si3 N4 particles, followed by a gas pressure sintering under 1 MPa nitrogen pressure. The large elongated grains developed from seeds lay in planes parallel to the casting direction in a two-dimensional distribution. Increased fracture toughness (11.1 MPa·m1/2 ) and bending strength (1100 MPa) were achieved in the direction perpendicular to the grains alignment compared to specimens with a random distribution of elongated grains. Morover, the specimens exhibited a high Weibull modulus of 46 due to the uniform distribution of large grains. 相似文献
25.
Toshihiro Nagao Yuji Shimada Yoshie Yamauchi-Sato Takaya Yamamoto Masaaki Kasai Kentaro Tsutsumi Akio Sugihara Yoshio Tominaga 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2002,79(3):303-308
A commercial product of CLA contains almost equal amounts of cis-9,trans-11 (c9,t11)-CLA and trans-10,cis-12 (t10,c12)-CLA. We attempted to enrich the two isomers by a two-step selective esterification using Candida rugosa lipase that acted on c9,t11-CLA more strongly than on t10,c12-CLA. An FFA mixture containing CLA isomers was esterified with an equimolar amount of lauryl alcohol in a mixture of 20%
water and the lipase. When the esterification of total FA reached 50%, two isomers were fractionated in a good yield: t10,c12-CLA was enriched in FFA, and c9,t11-CLA was recovered in lauryl esters. The FFA were esterified again to enrich t10,c12-CLA. At 27.3% esterification of total FA, the t10,c12-CLA content in FFA increased to 64.8 wt% with 89.3% recovery: The ratio of the content of t10,c12-CLA to that of two isomers was 95.9%. Lauryl esters obtained by the single esterification were employed for enrichment
of c9,t11-CLA. After the esters were hydrolyzed, the resulting FFA were esterified again with lauryl alcohol. At 62.0% esterification
of total FA, the c9,t11-CLA content in lauryl esters increased to 73.3 wt% with 79.4% recovery: The ratio of the content of c9,t11-CLA to that of two isomers was 95.6%. In a 600-g-scale purification, molecular distillation was effective in separating
the reaction mixture into lauryl alcohol, FFA, and lauryl ester fractions. 相似文献
26.
Yu-ichi Yoshizawa Kiyoshi Hirao Shuzo Kanzaki 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2004,87(11):2147-2149
The mechanical properties of a textured alumina made by high-temperature deformation of normal-purity sintered alumina have been investigated. The textured alumina shows very high bending strength and extremely high fracture toughness. Fracture toughness of more than 10 MPa·m1/2 was measured by the single-edge precracked beam method, and even using the single-edge V-notched beam method, toughness of over 8 MPa·m1/2 was obtained. This high fracture toughness was attributed to a large number of aligned small platelike grains of the textured structure enhancing the grain bridging effect. 相似文献
27.
Mayu Iwata Hiroki Miyamoto Takahiro Hara Daijiro Komaki Kentaro Shimatani Tomohiro Mashita Kiyoshi Kiyokawa Toshiaki Uemukai Gen Hattori Shojiro Nishio Haruo Takemura 《Personal and Ubiquitous Computing》2013,17(5):1035-1050
People routinely carry mobile devices in their daily lives and obtain a variety of information from the Internet in many different situations. In searching for information (content) with a mobile device, a user’s activity (e.g., moving or stationary) and context (e.g., commuting in the morning or going downtown in the evening) often change, and such changes can affect the user’s degree of concentration on his or her mobile device’s display and information needs. Therefore, a search system should provide the user with an amount of information suitable for the current activity and a type of information suitable for the current context. In this study, we present the design and implementation of a content search system that considers a mobile user’s activity and context, with the goal of reducing the user’s operation load for content search. The proposed system switches between two kinds of content search systems according to the user’s activity: the location-based content search system is activated when the user is stationary (e.g., standing and sitting), while a menu-based content search system is activated when the user is moving (e.g., walking). Both systems present information according to user context. The location-based system presents detailed information via menus and a map according to location-based categories. The menu-based system presents only a few options to enable users to get content easily. Through user experiments, we confirmed that participants could get desired information more easily with this system than with a commercial search system. 相似文献
28.
We developed equipment and methods for measuring quantitatively the local Young's modulus of solids. It consists of an electrodeless langasite oscillator and line antennas, and oscillator vibrations are generated and detected contactlessly. A constant biasing force results from oscillator mass and is independent of surface roughness. The effect of material anisotropy on the measured stiffness is theoretically discussed for studying the limitation of the quantitative measurement. The microscopy has been applied to polycrystalline copper, and the measured modulus is compared to calculations based on electron-backscatter-diffraction measurements. Also, we applied it to a duplex stainless steel and an embedded silicon-carbide fiber. The results reveal textured regions, defects with high sensitivity, and even stiffness distribution in a single grain. 相似文献
29.
Kuramochi K Suzuki K Yamazaki T Mitsuishi K Furuya K Hashimoto I Watanabe K 《Ultramicroscopy》2008,109(1):96-103
The structure and composition of the 1/4{110} twin boundary in alpha-Zn7Sb2O12 have been determined by using quantitative high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF STEM) analysis. The noise in the experimental HAADF STEM images is reduced by using the maximum entropy method and average processing, and the parameters used in dynamical simulations are experimentally determined. From the analysis, it has been found that octahedral sites in the twin boundary slightly shift parallel to the [110] direction, and a reduction of the Sb concentration at the octahedral sites on the plane adjacent to the twin boundary was detected. The reduction was measured from three regions in the same twin boundary, and the Sb concentrations were 4 +/- 3, 8 +/- 3 and 19 +/-2 at% from 33 at%. 相似文献
30.
Hideaki Adachi Toshifumi Satoh Masahiro Sakai Koichi Mizuno Kentaro Setsune 《Journal of Superconductivity》1994,7(4):737-741
Epitaxial multilayer thin films of infinite-layer (Sr, Ca)CuO2 and perovskite (Sr, Ca)RuO3 have been prepared on (100) SrTiO3 substrates by multitarget rf magnetron sputtering. X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that the multilayer structure of (Sr, Ca)CuO3/(Sr, Ca)RuO3 was successfully fabricated with a minimum layer thickness of 20 Å. Transmission electron microscopy measurements of the multilayers indicated that there was no dislocation which normally exists in single-layer films with an infinite-layer structure. Resistivities of multilayer films at room temperature ranged from 1 to 10 m cm and showed semiconductor-like dependence against the temperature. 相似文献