Measurement of Nasal Mucosal Blood Flow by a Thermal Clearance Method

A new method for nasal mucosal blood flow measurement is described. The orifice of the nasal cavity is closed by a probe which includes a thermocouple. The temperature of the mucosa is increased, since cooling by airflow is now impossible. The temperature increase is due to blood flow. The rate of temperature increase depends both on blood flow and the heat capacity of the probe. A method to obtain mucosal blood flow from a temperature versus time curve is presented. Experimental results are compared to those obtained by other methods.     

基于反冲响应的深水钻井隔水管张紧力计算方法

张紧力是深水钻井隔水管系统作业的安全的关键因素,尤其对隔水管系统紧急脱离作业安全影响显著,但目前的隔水管张紧力设计方法（包括API算法、底部残余张力算法以及下放最大钩载算法）均未考虑隔水管系统的反冲问题。为此,基于隔水管系统反冲响应,确定了隔水管张紧力设计准则,提出了张紧力修正API算法及计算流程,并通过实例分析验证了修正API算法的可行性。研究结果表明,修正API算法可为隔水管系统提供合理的张紧力,改善了隔水管紧急脱离反冲过程中的隔水管底部总成位移、张紧器冲程以及有效张力波动范围,从而提高了紧急脱离后隔水管系统的安全性,有效保证了深水钻井隔水管系统紧急脱离作业的安全。      

Remarkable Acid Stability of Polypyrrole‐MoS4: A Highly Selective and Efficient Scavenger of Heavy Metals Over a Wide pH Range

The new material polypyrrole/MoS₄^2?(MoS₄‐Ppy), prepared by ion‐exchange of NO₃‐ of NO₃‐Ppy with MoS₄^2?, displays high acid stability and excellent uptake for heavy metal ions such as Hg²⁺, Ag⁺, Cu²⁺, and Pb²⁺. The different maximum adsorption capacities (q_m) for Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺, Hg²⁺, and Ag⁺ depend on the various binding modes arising from the different thiophilicity of these metal ions. The removals of Ag⁺ and Pb²⁺ reach >99.6% within 5 min, and for highly toxic Hg²⁺, >98% removal achieves at 1 min. At strong acid limit, the exceptional q_m(Ag⁺) of 725 mg g^?1 places the MoS₄‐Ppy at the top of materials for such removal. Uptake kinetics of Ag⁺, Hg²⁺, and Pb²⁺ is extremely fast: >99.9% removal rates at wide pH range (0.5–6) within 1–5 min. Also, at strongly acidic conditions (pH ≈ 1), for highly toxic Hg²⁺, <2 ppb concentration can be achieved, accepted as safe limit. The MoS₄‐Ppy demonstrates an outstanding ability to separate low‐concentrated Ag⁺ from high concentrated Cu²⁺ especially under strong acidic conditions (pH ≈ 1), showing a large separation factor SF_Ag/Cu (K_d^Ag/K_d^Cu) of 10⁵ (>100). MoS₄‐Ppy is a superior and novel sorbent material for water remediation applications as well as precious metals recovery.     

硝酸银显色法变色边界处氯离子浓度的影响因素

研究了砂浆的碱度和AgNO3溶液指示剂的浓度对测量砂浆变色边界Cl-浓度的影响.将AgNO3,NaOH及NaCl 3种物质混合,发现溶液中生成的沉淀反应产物中的AgCl的质量分数随溶液中OFF浓度的增加而减少、沉淀反应产物的颜色随AgCl的含量而变化.用0.100mol/L和0.035mol/L的AgNO3指示剂喷洒到按北欧标准NT Build492进行电迁移试验之后的砂浆试件上,并测试试件变色边界Cl-浓度,结果表明:0.035mol/L的AgNO3指示剂比用0.100mol/L的AgNO3指示剂测试试件变色边界的Cl-浓度小,因此,0.035mol/L的AgNO3指示剂检测到的变色深度大些;变色边界处的Cl-浓度随砂浆的pH值升高而增大.     

基于混凝土基体和界面过渡区性质的疲劳方程

根据混凝土材料在静态荷载与疲劳荷载作用下破坏的相似性,结合其在静态荷载作用下的破坏分析了疲劳破坏过程,通过引入基体和界面过渡区对疲劳性能的影响因子f1,f2,定义基体性质特征参数I和界面过渡区性质特征参数M,应用数学模型描述f1,f2随疲劳寿命对数值lgN的变化趋势,建立混凝土材料基体、界面过渡区性质与疲劳性能之间的定量关系,并得到基于基体与界面过渡区性质的疲劳方程.测试了水胶比为0.35,不同矿物掺合料掺量混凝土在不同应力水平下的疲劳寿命.应用所建立的疲劳方程能较好地拟合S-N关系,尤其是大矿物掺合料掺量的情况下,反映了低周疲劳向高周疲劳过渡的非线性变化.     

Sera of Neuromyelitis Optica Patients Increase BID-Mediated Apoptosis in Astrocytes

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare disease usually presenting with bilateral or unilateral optic neuritis with simultaneous or sequential transverse myelitis. Autoantibodies directed against aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG) are found in most patients. They are believed to cross the blood–brain barrier, target astrocytes, activate complement, and eventually lead to astrocyte destruction, demyelination, and axonal damage. However, it is still not clear what the primary pathological event is. We hypothesize that the interaction of AQP4-IgG and astrocytes leads to DNA damage and apoptosis. We studied the effect of sera from seropositive NMO patients and healthy controls (HCs) on astrocytes’ immune gene expression and viability. We found that sera from seropositive NMO patients led to higher expression of apoptosis-related genes, including BH3-interacting domain death agonist (BID), which is the most significant differentiating gene (p < 0.0001), and triggered more apoptosis in astrocytes compared to sera from HCs. Furthermore, NMO sera increased DNA damage and led to a higher expression of immunological genes that interact with BID (TLR4 and NOD-1). Our findings suggest that sera of seropositive NMO patients might cause astrocytic DNA damage and apoptosis. It may be one of the mechanisms implicated in the primary pathological event in NMO and provide new avenues for therapeutic intervention.     

小样本条件下的RGB-D显著性物体检测

目的 现有基于RGB-D(RGB-depth)的显著性物体检测方法往往通过全监督方式在一个较小的RGB-D训练集上进行训练,因此其泛化性能受到较大的局限。受小样本学习方法的启发,本文将RGB-D显著性物体检测视为小样本问题,利用模型解空间优化和训练样本扩充两类小样本学习方法,探究并解决小样本条件下的RGB-D显著性物体检测。方法 模型解空间优化通过对RGB和RGB-D显著性物体检测这两种任务进行多任务学习,并采用模型参数共享的方式约束模型的解空间,从而将额外的RGB显著性物体检测任务学习到的知识迁移至RGB-D显著性物体检测任务中。另外,训练样本扩充通过深度估计算法从额外的RGB数据生成相应的深度图,并将RGB图像和所生成的深度图用于RGB-D显著性物体检测任务的训练。结果 在9个数据集上的对比实验表明,引入小样本学习方法能有效提升RGB-D显著性物体检测的性能。此外,对不同小样本学习方法在不同的RGB-D显著性物体检测模型下(包括典型的中期融合模型和后期融合模型)进行了对比研究,并进行相关分析与讨论。结论 本文尝试将小样本学习方法用于RGB-D显著性物体检测,探究并利用两种不同小样本...     

海洋钻井隔水管浮力块配置方法

浮力块是钻井隔水管系统的重要部件,能改善钻井隔水管的性能。但是如何配置浮力块,对隔水管张力器的张力、钻井隔水管在海洋深水条件下的应用等都有很大影响。目前国内外对于钻井隔水管浮力块配置方法的研究较少,因此,进一步研究其配置方法很有必要。首先,介绍了目前国内外海洋钻井隔水管浮力块配置的基本经验;然后,以我国南海某海域500 m水深为例,采用ABAQUS有限元软件,讨论了海洋钻井隔水管浮力块的配置方法,拟定了5种浮力块配置方案,并对其进行了详细的计算分析。结果表明:拟定的方案2和方案3为较优方案;与波浪力相比,海流力对隔水管动力学响应特性的影响更大;浮力块安装位置不同,对隔水管横向变形、等效应力、弯矩和底部柔性接头转角等力学响应的影响很大。建议:在适当位置配置厚壁隔水管以降低其局部等效应力;浮力块的安装位置应避开海流流速最大位置;研制钻井隔水管分析系统软件,实现多个有限元软件的联合调用,以提高分析效率和准确性。      

焦化废水处理工艺的改造和优化

主要介绍了马钢煤焦化公司现行污水处理A／OO活性污泥法的运行状况、存在问题、解决方案、运行效果和发展前景。     

Psychotherapy, professional relationships, and ethical considerations in the myspace generation.

The pervasive use of Internet technologies has created new ethical dilemmas for psychology trainees and professionals. In particular, Web sites that allow users to post personal information have sparked controversy regarding the amount of freedom psychologists should have in placing personal information online and how discovering such information may impact professional relationships, including the therapeutic relationship. Results from a graduate student survey (N = 302) address the prevalence of the use of online social networking sites, security measure efforts that limit public access, incidents of client access to psychotherapists’ personal Web sites and Internet use by psychotherapists to obtain client information, and their subsequent effect on the therapeutic relationship. Using applicable ethical principles and standards, we provide recommendations for the field in an effort to decrease potential harm and maximize areas of opportunity for psychologists and constructive professional relationships. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)