Effective parameters on diameter of carbon nanotubes by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition

The effective parameters on the diameter of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) were presented.Among lots of influential parameters,the effects of the catalytic film thickness and the pretreatment plasma power on the growth of CNTs were investigated.The results show that the size of catalytic islands increases by increasing the thickness of catalytic layer,but the density of CNTs decreases.The pretreatment duration time of 30 s is the optimal condition for growing CNTs with about 50 nm in diameter.By increasing the pretreatment plasma power,the diameter of CNTs decreases gradually.However,the diameter of CNTs does not change drastically from 80 to 120 W.The uniformly grown CNTs with the diameter of 50 nm are obtained at the pretreatment plasma power of 100 W.     

Highly efficient blue organic light-emitting diodes using quantum well-like multiple emissive layer structure

In this study, the properties of blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), employing quantum well-like structure (QWS) that includes four different blue emissive materials of 4,4′-bis(2,2′-diphenylyinyl)-1,1′-biphenyl (DPVBi), 9,10-di(naphth-2-yl)anthracene (ADN), 2-(N,N-diphenyl-amino)-6-[4-(N,N-diphenyl amine)styryl]naphthalene (DPASN), and bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinolate)-4-(phenyl phenolato) aluminum (BAlq), were investigated. Conventional QWS blue OLEDs composed of multiple emissive layers and charge blocking layer with lower highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level, and devices with triple emissive layers for more significant hole-electron recombination and a wider region for exciton generation were designed. The properties of triple emissive layered blue OLEDs with the structure of indium tin oxide (ITO) /N,N′-diphenyl-N,N′-bis(1-naphthyl-phenyl)-(1,1′-biphenyl)-4,4′-diamine (NPB) (700 Ǻ)/X (100 Ǻ)/BAlq (100 Ǻ)/X (100 Ǻ)/4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen) (300 Ǻ)/lithium quinolate (Liq) (20 Ǻ)/aluminum (Al) (1,200 Ǻ) (X = DPVBi, ADN, DPASN) were examined. HOMO-LUMO energy levels of DPVBi, ADN, DPASN, and BAlq are 2.8 to 5.9, 2.6 to 5.6, 2.3 to 5.2, and 2.9 to 5.9 eV, respectively. The OLEDs with DPASN/BAlq/DPASN QWS with maximum luminous efficiency of 5.32 cd/A was achieved at 3.5 V.     

Material Transfer Inside Head Disk Interface for Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording

Heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) promises to deliver higher storage areal density than the current perpendicular magnetic recording products. Laser heating is implemented in HAMR to achieve magnetic writing of the very high coercivity media. However, the high temperature environment creates several reliability challenges for the head disk interface (HDI). In this paper, material transfer within the HDI under HAMR recording conditions is studied. The mechanisms of material transfer are explored via experiments and modeling. This study revealed that temperature difference and mechanical interaction between the head and media are the main mechanisms for material transfer inside the HDI. Possible methods to remove the material are also discussed in this paper.     

Severe carbamazepine intoxication unresponsive to albumin‐enhanced continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration with low dialysate flow

Carbamazepine (CBZ) intoxication can be associated with severe toxicity, including neurological and cardio‐respiratory abnormalities. Highly protein‐bound, CBZ is not removed efficiently through conventional hemodialysis. Charcoal hemoperfusion is the most effective extracorporeal elimination therapy for CBZ intoxication. Recent reports have indicated that continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF), albumin‐enhanced continuous venovenous hemodialysis, high‐flux hemodialysis and plasma exchange can be as effective as charcoal hemoperfusion. In contrast to recent reports, which demonstrated the effectiveness of CVVHDF with high dialysate flow in CBZ intoxication, we observed that serum CBZ level was decreased minimally by albumin‐enhanced CVVHDF with low dialysate flow. Therefore, albumin‐enhanced CVVHDF with high dialysate flow should be considered in severe CBZ intoxication, if hemoperfusion is unavailable because of the lack of facilities or if it cannot be performed.     

Antioxidant capacity of japchae,Korean stir-fried sweet potato noodles with vegetables

Antioxidant capacities of japchae, a Korean traditional food were investigated. Japchae showed concentration dependent radical scavenging abilities with half maximal inhibitory concentration values (IC₅₀) of 0.68 and 1.36 mg/mL from DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. Positive correlations were observed between radical scavenging effects and the contents of total polyphenol (TPC), retinol, β-carotene, and ascorbic acid. Lipid peroxidation was inhibited by japchae with IC₅₀ values of 1.49 and 1.40 mg/mL based on ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assays, respectively.     

Optimization of molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) and homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine hybrid system for distributed power generation

In a previous study, a new hybrid system of molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) and homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine was developed, where the HCCI engine replaces the catalytic burner and produces additional power by using the left-over heating values from the fuel cell stack. In the present study, to reduce the additional cost and footprint of the engine system in a hybrid configuration, the possibility of engine downsizing is investigated by using two strategies, i.e. the use of a turbocharger and the use of high geometric compression ratio for the engine design, both of which are to increase the density of the intake charge and thus the volumetric efficiency of the engine. Combining these two strategies, we suggest a new engine design with ∼60% of displacement volume of the original engine. In addition, operating strategies are developed to run the new hybrid system under part load conditions. It is successfully demonstrated that the system can operate down to 65% of the power level of the design point, while the system efficiency remains almost unchanged near 63%.     

我国风景名胜区居民社会调控规划研究展望

结合相关规划实践经验,在社区参与、分类分区管理、先评价后规划等已有理论的基础上,对风景区内居民社会的研究进行了展望,指出居民社会调控规划应当在现有的基础上强化实践,深化理论,并且拓宽思维,促进多学科互动,加强新方法运用。     

Five New Oxylipins from Chaenomeles sinensis

In the course of our continuing search for bioactive constituents of Korean medicinal plants, we isolated five new oxylipins, chaenomic acid A–E ( 1 – 5 ), and six known ones ( 6 – 11 ) from the twigs of Chaenomeles sinensis. The structures of the new compounds ( 1 – 5 ) were determined by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR (¹H and ¹³C NMR, ¹H–¹H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY), olefin cross‐metathesis, and LC/MS analysis. The known compounds ( 6 – 11 ) were identified by comparison of their spectroscopic data and specific optical rotation with the reported data. The isolated compounds ( 1 – 11 ) were tested for their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide‐activated murine microglial cells and for their cytotoxic activities against four human cancer cell lines (A549, SK‐OV‐3, A498, and HCT‐15).     

Evaluation of the Missouri River shallow water habitat using a 2D‐hydrodynamic model

Many of the Upper Missouri River dikes have been notched to create additional shallow water habitat (SWH, operationally defined as areas in the stream with depth < 1.5 m, and velocity < 0.75 m s^?1) for fish populations. The goal of this study was to quantify the additional SWH gained from notching these dikes and to evaluate their performance under different flow conditions. A coupled field and numerical study was performed on a reach of the Missouri River, near Nebraska City, NE, which contains a number of dikes notched in 2004. The numerical simulations showed that the SWH criterion for depth was more difficult to satisfy in the study reach than the SWH criterion for velocity. Notching the dikes resulted in a slight shift of the bankline due to local erosion in the vicinity of the dikes and the formation of scour holes downstream of the notches. Results from the study suggested that notching the dikes had limited impact on the SWH because the area gained from the bankline shift was offset by the area lost from the scour holes formation. The performance of the notched dikes in sustaining the minimum habitat suitability conditions for the Missouri River ecosystem was also investigated. These conditions corresponded to discharges < 709 m³ s^?1 for the period from mid‐July to mid‐August, or equivalently SWH areas > 5225 m² dike^?1 during the same period. Analysis of the Missouri River annual discharge records at the study site showed that the dikes can provide the minimum required SWH for mean annual discharges < 667 m³ s^?1. For mean annual discharges > 667 m³ s^?1, new alternative structures or restoration facilities were needed, in addition to the existing dikes, to sustain the minimum required SWH. The dikes were not effective in providing any SWH for mean annual discharges > 2000 m³ s^?1. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

城市道路隔离护栏清洗技术研究

通过分析护栏污渍的微细成分、分布与动态变化规律,探索了适应工况面的可提高效果及效率的清洗途径。工况试验表明,清洗车优选行进速度为1.9～7.5 km/h,滚刷优选直径为500～600 mm,优选转速为350～500 r/min。针对顽固污渍与深度污染护栏,以四滚刷垂直对夹为框架,通过序配高压水湿润、低压水前喷刷、扫毛刷洗、低压水后喷刷、高压水冲洗的加强清洗模式进行清洗,可使其清洁度提高5%～7%。