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41.
A Wada Y Masuda M Fukayama T Hatakeyama Y Yanagawa H Watanabe T Inamatsu 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,40(10):767-771
Zinc is an important trace element for immune function. Here, we show that zinc addition in a serum- and lipopolysaccharide-free cell culture system leads to significantly enhanced levels of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and to expression of the corresponding mRNA in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Structurally related divalent cations like cobalt, nickel, and mercury also partially increase monokine secretion but to a much lower and thus insignificant extent. They fail to induce mRNA of TNF-alpha after 3 h of culture. Therefore, monokine induction is a zinc-specific effect influenced by the physicochemical properties of the ion. Confirmation of the unique significance of zinc for immune function provides a better understanding of the mechanisms of specific zinc-mediated immune modulation. 相似文献
42.
43.
Koichiro Koyama Masao Morishita Tomohiro Harada Nobuyuki Maekawa 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B》2003,34(5):653-659
The standard Gibbs energies of formation of Fe2Mo3O12, Fe2Mo3O8, FeMoO4, and Fe2MoO4 of the Fe-Mo-O ternary system and the μ phase of the Fe-Mo binary system have been determined by measuring electromotive forces of galvanic cells having an Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 solid electrolyte. The results are as follows: $$\begin{gathered} \Delta _f G^\circ (FeMoO_4 )/kJ \cdot mol^{ - 1} = - 1053.5 + 0.2983(T/K) \pm 0.4 \hfill \\ Temperature range: 1112 to 1339 K \hfill \\ \Delta _f G^\circ (Fe_2 Mo_3 O_8 )/kJ \cdot mol^{ - 1} = - 2347 + 0.6814(T/K) \pm 1 \hfill \\ Temperature range: 1112 to 1339 K \hfill \\ \Delta _f G^\circ (Fe_2 Mo_3 O_{12} )/kJ \cdot mol^{ - 1} = - 2993 + 0.9105(T/K) \pm 2 \hfill \\ Temperature range: 1040 to 1145 K \hfill \\ \Delta _f G^\circ (Fe_{0.58} Mo_{0.42} )/kJ \cdot mol^{ - 1} = - 18.7 + 0.0117(T/K) \pm 0.1 \hfill \\ Temperature range: 1162 to 1223 K \hfill \\ \Delta _f G^\circ (Fe_2 MoO_4 )/kJ \cdot mol^{ - 1} = - 1174 + 0.342(T/K) \pm 1 \hfill \\ Temperature range: 1243 to 1466 K \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ where the standard pressure is 1 bar (100 kPa). 相似文献
44.
45.
Waichiro Kawakami Takeshi Wada Terutaka Watanabe Sueo Machi Tsutomu Kagiya 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1971,15(6):1507-1514
The influence of the turbulence of reactant on the radiation-induced polymerization of ethylene in 40 mole-% Freon-114 (C2Cl2F4) was studied using a tubular reactor at 400 kg/cm2 and 25°C with a dose rate of 1.3 × 105 rad/hr. At constant linear velocity and tube diameter, the polymer concentration was shown to increase linearly with the reactor tube length. This indicates that the polymerization is in a stationary state. By changing the linear velocity from 3.5 to 42.7 cm/sec and the tube diameter from 5 to 14 mm, the space time yield and the molecular weight of polymer were found to vary between 0.21 and 0.46 mole ethylene/1.-hr and from 5.0×103 to 10.5×103, respectively. The space time yield and molecular weight decreased sharply to about one half those in the static polymerization with increasing fluid turbulence and then slowly increased in the highly turbulent state. Similar effects were observed in a tank reactor when the stirring speed was changed. 相似文献
46.
Koichiro Kato 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1975,19(4):951-957
Polyethylene films were irradiated in air by ultraviolet light. 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine was reacted on the irradiated films. The changes in amounts of carbonyl groups and 2,4-dinitrophenynlhydrazones formed in the films were inferred by comparing their absorptions in the infrared and ultraviolet spectra, respectively. It seems that the contents of carbonyl groups formed in the amorphous regions in the high-density polyethylene films by the irradiation were larger than the contents of carbonyl groups formed in the amorphous regions in the low-density polyethylene films. The decreases in contact angles of water on the high-density polyethylene films by the irradiation were larger than the decreases in the contact angles on the low-density polyethylene films. The amounts of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones formed in the irradiated high-density polyethylene films were less than the amounts of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones formed in the irradiated low-density polyethylene films. 相似文献
47.
Akiyama M Murakami K Ikeda M Iwatsuki K Wada A Tokuno K Onishi M Iwabuchi H 《Journal of food science》2007,72(7):C388-C396
ABSTRACT: Headspace volatiles of freshly brewed drip coffee were investigated by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and gas chromatography/olfactometry (GC/O, CharmAnalysis™) analyses. For this purpose, a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) sampling method for the headspace volatiles of freshly brewed drip coffee was developed. SPME fiber coated with divinylbenzene (DVB)/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was selected from 6 types, and sampling time was determined at 2 min. The headspace coffee volatiles stayed constant in proportion for the first 2 min to keep the freshness of the brewed coffee aroma. Using this sampling method, the headspace volatiles of freshly brewed drip coffee (Ethiopian arabica coffee, roast degree: L value; 23) were examined by GC/MS and GC/O analyses. From the GC/O results, 1-(3,4-dihydro-2 H -pyrrol-2-yl)-ethanone (nutty-roast odor) and 4-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone (raspberry ketone, sweet-fruity odor) were newly detected as components in the aroma of coffee. 相似文献
48.
Hideaki Katayama Tsutomu Tawa Shinzaburo Ito Masahide Yamamoto Yoshio Wada 《Polymer Bulletin》1992,29(3-4):365-367
Summary The effect of side chain length on intramolecular triplet energy migration of naphthalene containing polymers was investigated by a delayed fluorescence (DF) spectroscopy for the solid solution of the polymers. The degree of triplet energy migration depends strongly on whether the chromophores are directly attached to the main chain or not. 相似文献
49.
Shingo Kanehira Soshu Kirihara Yoshinari Miyamoto Kazuaki Sakoda Mitsuo Wada Takeda 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2003,86(10):1691-1694
Photonic crystals with a diamond structure of epoxy lattices in which TiO2 -based ceramic particles are dispersed were fabricated by stereolithography. The periodicity of the lattice was designed to reflect electromagnetic waves in the gigahertz range. The volume fraction (β) of the dielectric lattice medium was modified from 14% to 33% by changing the rod diameter of the lattice. The photonic band gap was observed along Γ-L 〈111〉, Γ-X 〈100〉, and Γ-K 〈110〉 directions and the complete photonic band gap was formed at over β= 20%. The width of the forbidden gap increased gradually when the β increased over 14%, and reached 2.4 GHz at β= 33%. These results agreed with the band calculation using the plane wave expansion method. 相似文献
50.
Pulsed Electric Current Sintering of Silicon Nitride 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Motohiro Suganuma Yasunori Kitagawa Shigetaka Wada Norimitsu Murayama 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2003,86(3):387-394
Pulsed electric current sintering (PECS) has been used to densify α-Si3 N4 powder doped with oxide additives of Y2 O3 and Al2 O3 . A full density (>99%) was achieved with virtually no transformation to β-phase, resulting in a microstructure with fine equiaxed grains. With further holding at the sintering temperature, the α-to-β phase transformation took place, concurrent with an exaggerated grain growth of a limited number of elongated β-grains in a fine-grained matrix, leading to a distinct bimodal grain size distribution. The average grain size was found to obey a cubic growth law, indicating that the growth is diffusion-controlled. In contrast, the densification by hot pressing was accompanied by a significant degree of the phase transformation, and the subsequent grain growth gave a broad normal size distribution. The apparent activation energy for the phase transformation was as high as 1000 kJ/mol for PECS, almost twice the value for hot pressing (∼500 kJ/mol), thereby causing the retention of α-phase during the densification by PECS. 相似文献