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101.
Summary Hydro- and vinyl-bifunctionalized di- or tetrasiloxane were synthesized by degradative cleavage of functional cyclic siloxanes with methyllithium followed by quenching with a functional chlorosilane, or by ring-opening of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3) by functional alkyllithium followed by quenching with a functional chlorosilane. These bifunctionalized siloxanes were used as monomers in polyaddition with transition metal catalysts. 相似文献
102.
Koji Ishida Ken Hirota Osamu Yamaguchi Hideki Kume Suguru Inamura Hiroki Miyamoto 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1994,77(5):1391-1395
In the system ZrO2 –Al2 O3 , a new method for preparing ZrO2 solid solutions from ZrCl4 and AlCl3 using hydrazine monohydrate is investigated. c -ZrO2 solid solutions containing up to ∼40 mol% Al2 O3 crystallize at low temperatures from amorphous materials. The formation mechanism is discussed from IR spectral data. The values of the lattice parameter α increase linearly from 0.5072 to 0.5105 nm with increasing Al2 O3 content. At higher temperatures, transformation of the solid solutions proceeds as follows: c ( SS ) → t ( ss ) → t ( ss ) +α-Al2 O3 → m +α-Al2 O3 . m -ZrO2 –α-Al2 O3 composite ceramics are fabricated by hot isostatic pressing for 2 h at 1250°C and 196 MPa. Microstructures and mechanical properties are examined, in connection with increasing Al2 O3 content. 相似文献
103.
Agglomeration control of hydroxyapatite nano-crystals grown in phase-separated microenvironments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kimiyasu Sato Yuji Hotta Takaaki Nagaoka Masaki Yasuoka Koji Watari 《Journal of Materials Science》2006,41(17):5424-5428
Materials synthesis processes that require high temperatures consume large quantities of energy that generate an environmental burden. We attempted to synthesize hydroxyapatite (HAp) nano-crystals without firing or melting. “Water in oil” (W/O) emulsions were employed as microreactors for HAp formation. The surfactant-bounded water mediated HAp crystal nucleation, and HAp nano-crystallites were obtained. The obtained particles were aggregates composed of plate-like nano-crystals and monodisperse tiny crystals. Utilization of the W/O emulsions resulted in tunable nucleation frequency and the reactant provision, and yielded HAp nano-crystals with characteristic agglomeration properties. 相似文献
104.
Koji Matsumoto Ken Oikawa Masashi Okada Yoshikazu Teraoka Tetsuo Kawagoe 《International Journal of Refrigeration》2006,29(6):1010
This study focuses on an emulsion as a new thermal storage material for ice storage. Two types of emulsions were formed using an oil–water mixture with a small amount of additive. A silicone, light and lump oils were used. The water contents of the emulsions were 70, 80 and 90%. The additive was an amino group modified silicone oil. No depression of freezing point was observed for the emulsions because of their hydrophobic properties. In order to determine the structure of the emulsions, their electrical resistances were measured. Moreover, components of the liquids separating from the emulsions were analyzed. The results indicated that one emulsion was a W/O type emulsion, while the other was an O/W type. Finally, adaptability of the two emulsions to ice storage was discussed, it was concluded that a high performance ice slurry could be formed by the W/O type emulsion. 相似文献
105.
Crystal orientation changes of Ag thin films due to the tribo-assisted recrystallization have been studied using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction with synchrotron radiation. After preparation of an Si(111) √3 × √3-Ag surface, a 5-nm-thick Ag film was deposited on the surface at the substrate temperature of 303 K in an ultra-high vacuum chamber. The friction experiments were carried out using a diamond pin-on-plate type tribometer just after the Ag deposition in the same UHV chamber. We found that the coefficient of friction of the Ag films on the Si(111) √3 × √3-Ag surface decreases from 0.07 to 0.03, with increasing reciprocal sliding cycles. In synchronization with the coefficient change, Ag{100} grains are gradually disappearing. As a result, the Ag{111} grains cover the entire surface after 50 sliding cycles. Moreover, we found that the domain size of the Ag{111} grains increases with increasing reciprocal sliding cycles by measuring the rocking curve width. These results directly show that the Ag(111) plane is the sliding plane of friction and the coefficient of friction of Ag films is determined by the fraction of the Ag(111) grains in the Ag films. Moreover, to clarify the reaction between the Ag film and the Si substrate due to the tribo-assisted recrystallization, the substrate strain has been studied by an extremely asymmetric X-ray diffraction technique using synchrotron radiation. 相似文献
106.
Bismuth titanate (BiT) based composites containing silver particles are fabricated by a solution chemical process. Incorporation
of silver particles does not result in unwanted reaction phase. SEM micrographs reveal fine silver particles distribute at
BiT grain boundaries and into larger BiT plate-like grains. With the addition of silver, the dielectric constant increases
up to ∼10 times higher than that of pure BiT ceramic, which can be attributed to the effective electric fields developed around
the dispersed metal particles and the percolation effect. Additionally, the dielectric losses are significantly reduced by
incorporating silver particles, and the values of BiT/Ag composites are lower than 0.5%. The dielectric properties of BiT/Ag
composites are nearly frequency independent in the measured frequency range (1 kHz to 1 MHz). 相似文献
107.
Hori T. Otani A. Kaiho K. Yamaguchi I. Morita M. Yanabu S. 《Applied Superconductivity, IEEE Transactions on》2006,16(4):1999-2004
Using a high-temperature superconductor, we constructed and tested a model superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL). The superconductor and the vacuum interrupter as the commutation switch were connected in parallel using a bypass coil. When the fault current flows in this equipment, the superconductor is quenched and the current is transferred to the parallel coil because of the voltage drop in the superconductor. This large current in the parallel coil actuates the magnetic repulsion mechanism of the vacuum interrupter. Due to the opening of the vacuum interrupter, the current in the superconductor is broken. By using this equipment, the current flow time in the superconductor can be easily minimized. On the other hand, the fault current is also easily limited by large reactance of the parallel coil 相似文献
108.
Nobuyoshi Koshino Masayuki Harada Yasuji Morita Toshiaki Kiikuchi Yasuhisa Ikeda 《Progress in Nuclear Energy》2005,47(1-4):406-413
We have developed a simple reprocessing process for spent FBR fuels using N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone (NCP) which has selective precipitation ability for UO22+ ions. It was confirmed that NCP has sufficient precipitation ability for UO22+ ions, decontamination capability (separation of UO22+ from simulated fission products), and resistance to γ-ray radiation in nitric acid solutions. These findings indicate that NCP is applicable to our reprocessing process. We have also evaluated performances of other precipitants such as N-n-propyl-2-pyrrolidone (NProP), N-n-butyl-2-pyrrolidone (NBP), and N-n-butyl-2-pyridone (NBPyr). It was found that higher decontamination factors (DFs) are obtained by using NProP and NBP. This can be interpreted that the hydrophobicity of NProP and NBP is lower than that of NCP. Furthermore, we have obtained an experimental result that the resistance of NBPyr to γ-ray radiation is superior to that of NCP. 相似文献
109.
Noriaki Murakami Koji Arafune Tadanobu Koyama Yoshimi Momose Tetsuo Ozawa Yasunori Okano Sadik Dost Le. H. Dao Masashi Kumagawa Yasuhiro Hayakawa 《Microgravity science and technology》2005,16(1-4):79-83
The effect of gravity on dissolution of GaSb in InSb melt and growth of InGaSb was experimentally investigated. Experiments were carried out in a GaSb(seed)/InSb/GaSb(feed) sandwich system under an imposed temperature gradient. In the experiments, the GaSb feed crystal dissolved into the InSb melt to supply the required GaSb component for the growth of In0.1Ga0.9Sb crystal. Two parameters were considered: (1) the inclination angle (θ) of the sample for gravity as 0° and 53°, and (2) the sample diameter (D) as 9 mm and 5mm. When θ was 0°, the interface was almost flat, indicating that convection was axisymmetric and stable. Whereas the interface was distorted towards gravitational direction when θ was 53°, indicating that solutal convection was dominant. The decrease of growth temperature and sample diameter reduced the distortion of interface and the dissolution amount of GaSb feed. The homogeneous crystals were grown at the initial growth stage by supplying the GaSb component during growth. 相似文献
110.
Su Guanghui K. Morita K. Fukuda Mark Pidduck Jia Dounan Jaakko Miettinen 《Nuclear Engineering and Design》2003,220(1):17-35
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) for predicting critical heat flux (CHF) under low pressure and oscillation conditions have been trained successfully for either natural circulation or forced circulation (FC) in the present study. The input parameters of the ANN are pressure, mean mass flow rate, relative amplitude, inlet subcooling, oscillation period and the ratio of the heated length to the diameter of the tube, L/D. The output is a nondimensionalized factor F, which expresses the relative CHF under oscillation conditions. Based on the trained ANN, the influences of principal parameters on F for FC were analyzed. The parametric trends of the CHF under oscillation obtained by the trained ANN are as follows: the effects of pressure below 500 kPa are complex due to the influence of other parameters. F will increase with increasing mean mass flow rate under any conditions, and will decrease generally with an increase in relative amplitude. F will decrease initially and then increase with increasing inlet subcooling. The influence curves of mean mass flow rate on F will be almost the same when the period is shorter than 5.0 s or longer than 15 s. The influence of L/D will be negligible if L/D>200. It is found that the minimum number of neurons in the hidden layer is a product of the number of neurons in the input layer and in the output layer. 相似文献