植物单宁对油酸抗氧化性研究

以固载单宁皮粉(IT-HP)作为含单宁的成品革模型物,以油酸模拟皮革中的不饱和油脂类加脂剂,研究植物单宁对油酸的抗氧化性。系统研究了固载单宁皮粉中3种不同单宁对油酸的抗氧化作用,并优选抗氧化性最好的黑荆树单宁,考察了单宁用量、pH值和温度等条件对其抗氧化作用的影响。结果表明:3种单宁均具有良好的抑制油酸过氧化作用;抗油酸过氧化能力的强弱顺序为:黑荆树单宁>杨梅单宁>落叶松单宁;黑荆树单宁用量为20%时,抗氧化性最强;较高的pH值有利于黑荆树单宁的抗氧化作用;温度主要对油酸过氧化速度产生影响;在油酸过氧化反应初期,温度对黑荆树单宁抗氧化性的影响较小。     

Sorption of four hydrophobic organic compounds by three chemically distinct polymers: role of chemical and physical composition

The sorption behavior of four hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) (i.e., phenanthrene, naphthalene, lindane, and 1-naphthol) by three types of polymers namely polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and polyphenyleneoxide (PPO) was examined in this work. The organic carbon content-normalized sorption coefficients (K(oc)) of phenanthrene, lindane, and naphthalene by PEs of same composition but distinct physical makeup of domains increased with their crystallinity reduction (from 58.7 to 25.5%), suggesting that mobility and abundance of rubbery domains in polymers regulated HOC sorption. Cross-linking in styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer (PS2) created substantial surface area and porosity, thus, K(oc) values of phenanthrene, lindane, naphthalene, and 1-naphthol by PS2 were as high as 274.8, 212.3, 27.4, and 1.5 times of those by the linear polystyrene (PS1). The K(oc) values of lindane, naphthalene, and 1-naphthol by polar PPO were approximately 1-3 orders of magnitude higher than those by PS1, and PPO had comparable sorption for phenanthrene but higher sorption for naphthalene and 1-naphthol than PS2. This can be a result that a portion of O-containing moieties in PPO were masked in the interior part, while leaving the hydrophobic domains exposed outside, therefore demonstrating the great influence of the spatial arrangement of domains in polymers on HOC sorption.     

改性涤纶棉Viloft绢丝混纺面料的开发

总结改性涤纶棉Viloft绢丝混纺面料的生产技术要点。分析了改性涤纶纤维、Viloft纤维和绢丝的性能特点,并合理配置混纺比;优选梳棉各部速度及隔距,选用新型针布;严格控制浆纱各工艺参数,最终使成品质量达到行业标准优等品要求。     

Changes in bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity during convective drying of murta (Ugni molinae T.) berries

Murta (Ugni molinae T.) berries were air‐dried at five temperatures (40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 °C), and the changes in β‐carotene, phenolic acids, total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant capacities (DPPH and ORAC) were investigated. The berries showed a high content of β‐carotene, which decreased during drying temperature between 40 °C and 80 °C. Free and bound phenolic acids were also determined, showing gallic acid to be the prevalent phenolic acid. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the dried berries showed a higher decrease at lower temperature due to longer drying time. The radical‐scavenging activity also showed higher antioxidant activity at higher drying temperatures (70–80 °C) than at lower drying temperatures (40–50 °C). Total phenolic content (TPC) and flavonoids showed good correlation with antioxidant capacity. Murta berries proved to be an excellent source of antioxidants and bioactive compounds and are therefore a potential ingredient for new functional food products.     

电子服装用织物导电连接件的设计与织造

为了解决电子服装因使用金属导线作为电子器件连接件带来的服装柔软性差、舒适性差的问题,设计制作了具有导通单元结构的织物连接件,电子器件之间的导通连接由织物连接件直接连接。织物连接件的经纱为包芯纱,芯纱为0.04㎜表面涂有聚氨酯膜的镀膜金属铜丝,皮纱为棉纤维;纬纱为普通棉纱。利用织物连接件制作音乐服装,对服装穿着前后及洗涤后的音乐播放系统进行评价。试验结果表明:采用织物连接件的音乐播放系统音质稳定,服装柔软、舒适。     

基于模糊规则的动态矩阵预测控制及其应用

把动态矩阵控制原理应用到模糊系统，提出了一种基于模糊模型的时滞多变量预测控制方法，仿真研究表明，该模糊动态矩阵控制方法适用于工业过程的动态辨认和控制，并能解决有时滞的问题。     

捻系数和混纺比与玉米纤维纱强伸性能的关系

为了了解玉米纤维纯纺纱捻系数、玉米纤维混纺纱混纺比对成纱强伸性能的影响，纺制了13种捻系数的18．2tex玉米纤维纯纺纱，不同混纺比例的18．2tex玉米纤维腈纶纤维混纺纱、玉米纤维大豆纤维混纺纱，测试了成纱断裂强力、断裂伸长率、断裂功及初始模量等强伸性能指标。结果表明：玉米纤维纯纺纱的临界捻系数在405．9附近；在玉米纤维腈纶纤维混纺纱中，随着玉米纤维含量从0增至100％，成纱强力呈非线性关系逐渐下降；对于玉米纤维大豆纤维混纺纱，随着玉米纤维含量的增加，成纱强力逐渐下降，当玉米纤维含量在90％左右时，强力处于最低谷，且低于玉米纤维纯纺纱。     

Development of an ELISA and Immunochromatographic Assay for Tetracycline,Oxytetracycline, and Chlortetracycline Residues in Milk and Honey Based on the Class-Specific Monoclonal Antibody

A sensitive class-specific monoclonal antibody against tetracyclines (TCs) was generated and used to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an immunochromatographic assay for TC, oxytetracycline (OTC), and chlortetracycline (CTC) detection in milk and honey samples. The dynamic range of detection for TC in ELISA was 0.26–2.00 μg L^?1 with an IC₅₀ of 0.72 μg L^?1. The IC₅₀ value of OTC and CTC was 3.2 and 6.4 μg L^?1, respectively. The recovery of TC, OTC, and CTC in milk samples was 82–102, 91–105, and 90–101 %, respectively, and 88–101, 89–101, and 89–95 % in honey samples, respectively. In the immunochromatographic assay, the cutoff values for TC, OTC, and CTC were 15, 15, and 50 μg L^?1 in milk, respectively, and 40, 40, and 40 μg L^?1 in honey, respectively. The results revealed that ELISA and the immunochromatographic assay can be applied for the rapid and sensitive detection of TC, OTC, and CTC in milk and honey samples.     

Physicochemical and structural characteristics of starches from Chinese hull‐less barley cultivars

Fourteen hull‐less barley cultivars, collected from four major cultivated areas in China, were employed to investigate the structural and physicochemical properties of their starches in this study. Relatively wide variations in physicochemical properties of the starches were observed. Amylose content ranged from 23.1% to 30.0%, swelling power and water solubility index ranged from 12.8 to 19.9 g g^?1 and 12.7% to 23.7% respectively. Peak viscosity was from 170 to 346 Rapid Visco Unit (RVU), peak temperature (T_p) of starch gelatinisation was from 55.6 to 61.8 °C and enthalpy of starch retrogradation ranged from 0.3 to 3.1 J g^?1. Weight‐based chain‐length proportions of fa, fb₁, fb₂ and fb₃ in amylopectins ranged from 21.65% to 24.95%, 44.48% to 49.44%, 15.56% to 17.19% and 9.83% to 16.66% respectively. Correlation analyses showed that amylose content was inversely related to pasting parameters and enthalpy of gelatinisation. Pasting properties and amylopectin structures were the most important parameters to differentiate starch properties among different hull‐less barley cultivars in this study. This work will be useful for exploring applications of Chinese hull‐less barley starches in food and non‐food industries.     

小麦发芽过程中抑制根叶芽生长的研究

对氢氧化钠、甲醛、赤霉酸、溴酸钾等浸麦过程中的添加剂的添加量进行了研究，并将其对小麦芽的影响进行了比较。研究结果表明：氢氧化钠对于小麦芽生长的影响不显著，甲醛可以显著抑制根芽的生长，对叶芽的影响不显著；赤霉酸可以显著促进根芽和叶芽的生长，溴酸钾对小麦发芽有抑制作用。赤霉酸作为发芽促进剂的理想添加量为0．25ppm，采用甲醛(0．15％)与赤霉酸(0．25ppm)结合使用以及赤霉酸(0．25ppm)与溴酸钾(125ppm)结合处理，都可以在不影响麦芽溶解的情况下降低制麦损失2．0％左右。