异构车载自组网中两级资源调度机制研究

WiMAX网络和WAVE网络中资源调度方式不同,但又需要在移动网关节点处进行互通。为此,提出一种基于反馈的两级资源调度机制。在WiMAX网络中采用基于权重的轮询调度,针对WAVE网络提出一种基于反馈的EDCA接入方式,使节点各业务的发送速率契合WiMAX 网络中的调度规则。仿真结果表明,相比同类方法,该机制使系统的平均传输时延降低至20 ms,网关节点处的排队队长缩短了50%。     

A coevolutionary algorithm for rules discovery in data mining

One of the major challenges in data mining is the extraction of comprehensible knowledge from recorded data. In this paper, a coevolutionary-based classification technique, namely COevolutionary Rule Extractor (CORE), is proposed to discover classification rules in data mining. Unlike existing approaches where candidate rules and rule sets are evolved at different stages in the classification process, the proposed CORE coevolves rules and rule sets concurrently in two cooperative populations to confine the search space and to produce good rule sets that are comprehensive. The proposed coevolutionary classification technique is extensively validated upon seven datasets obtained from the University of California, Irvine (UCI) machine learning repository, which are representative artificial and real-world data from various domains. Comparison results show that the proposed CORE produces comprehensive and good classification rules for most datasets, which are competitive as compared with existing classifiers in literature. Simulation results obtained from box plots also unveil that CORE is relatively robust and invariant to random partition of datasets.     

Windows服务程序的编码与分析

Windows服务是在Windows会话中可长时间运行的可执行应用程序。通常需要在后台运行或没有用户交互的应用程序会被设计成为服务。本文通过一个简单的服务程序示例,重点介绍了编写服务程序的三个步骤,分析了服务程序的结构和工作流程,并指出了编写服务程序时需要注意的一些规则。     

A third-generation SPARC V9 64-b microprocessor

This quad-issue processor achieves 1-GHz operation through improved dynamic circuit techniques in critical paths and a more extensive on-chip memory system which scales in both bandwidth and latency. Critical logic paths use domino, delayed clocked domino, and logic embedded in dynamic flip-flops for minimum delay. A 64-KB sum-addressed memory data cache combines the address offset add with the cache decode, allowing the average memory latency to scale by more than the clock ratio. Memory bandwidth is improved by using wave pipelined SRAM designs for on-chip caches and a write cache for store traffic. Memory power is controlled without increased latency by use of delayed-reset logic decoders. The chip operates at 1000 MHz and dissipates less than 80 W from a 1.6-V supply. It contains 23 million transistors (12 million in RAM cells) on a 244 mm² die     

Simultaneous degradation of atrazine and simazine by a binary culture of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Arthrobacter sp. in a two‐stage biofilm reactor

BACKGROUND: The impact of mixtures of chloro‐triazinic herbicides, such as atrazine and simazine, on aquatic ecosystems is of environmental concern. To study their biodegradation under various operational conditions, a binary community comprising Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Arthrobacter sp. attached to the porous support of a packed bed reactor, was evaluated. RESULTS: The genetic analysis of the two atrazine‐degrading strains revealed that genes atzA, atzB, atzC are present in both bacteria, but only S. maltophilia possess atzD. Thus, by cultivating Arthrobacter sp. on these herbicides, cyanuric acid accumulation was observed. When the binary community was cultivated in the biofilm reactor, at all the loading rates probed, both herbicides were entirely removed. However, complete biodegradation of cyanuric acid was not achieved. CONCLUSIONS: Even with a two‐stage reactor, cyanuric acid was only partially removed. This fact could be attributed to the absence, in the second stage, of an easily degradable energy source, required by S. maltophilia for the uptake and cometabolic degradation of the recalcitrant heterocyclic ring. Responding to differences in nutritional conditions prevailing at each reactor stage, local differences in species' predominance were clearly detected by microbiological and molecular biology methods. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Dishing and nitride erosion of STI-CMP for different integration schemes

In this paper, we investigate the effects of integration schemes on the STI-CMP performance of two polishers, as well as the influence of consumables and process parameters. The experiment was based on both the blanket-oxide wafers and the patterned wafers processed using 0.18 μm technology. The polishing capability was evaluated, based on the results collected using metrology tools such as Opti-probe, Tencor profiler; atomic force microscope (AFM), and x-ray-scanning electron microscopy (X-SEM) analysis.     

Impact flash jet initiation phenomenology

Impact flash is caused by emission from a jet of shocked material formed through a shock interaction analogous to the process which occurs in a shaped charge. Shaped charge theory predicts that a jet will form when the impact angle between two colliding surfaces is greater than an initiation angle criterion which is a function of material properties and impact velocity. Because the effective impact angle continuously sweeps over a range of values as a spherical particle impacts a flat target, this jet initiation angle criterion is satisfied at some point during the penetration process. A simple model has been developed which predicts the jet initiation from either the target or the particle material. This jet initiation model, (JIM) resolves an apparent discrepancy between previous studies of the dependence of particle and target materials on the flash intensity and provides strong evidence that the impact flash signature is a characteristic of the material in which jet initiation occurs. This model also provides a reasonable explanation for the unusual flash signatures from the impact of carbon particles against gold targets, which show a decrease in flash intensity with increasing impact velocity between 5 and 15 km/s.     

Fabrication of 3D chitosan–hydroxyapatite scaffolds using a robotic dispensing system

A new robotic desktop rapid prototyping (RP) system was designed to fabricate scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. The experimental setup consists of a computer-guided desktop robot and a one-component pneumatic dispenser. The dispensing material (chitosan and chitosan–hydroxyapatite (HA) dissolved in acetic acid) was stored in a 30-ml barrel and forced out through a small Teflon-lined nozzle into a dispensing medium (sodium hydroxide–ethanol in ratio of 7:3). Layer-by-layer, the chitosan was fabricated with a preprogramed lay-down pattern. Neutralization of the chitosan forms a gel-like precipitate, and the hydrostatic pressure in the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution keeps the cuboid scaffold in shape. Comparison of the freeze-dried scaffold to the wet one showed linear and volumetric shrinkage of about 31% and 62%, respectively. A good attachment between layers allowed the chitosan matrix to form a fully interconnected channel architecture. Results of in vitro cell culture studies revealed the scaffold biocompatibility. The results of this preliminary study using the rapid prototyping robotic dispensing (RPBOD) system demonstrated its potential in fabricating three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds with regular and reproducible macropore architecture.