基于高岭土多孔基板的In2O3微米梳制备及其气敏性能

采用模压-烧结法制备高岭土多孔基板，考察烧结温度对高岭土多孔基板表面形貌与孔隙结构的影响，通过热蒸发法在高岭土多孔基板上制备出In₂O₃微米材料，并采用XRD、SEM、FTIR、阿基米德排水法等检测手段考察多孔基板及In₂O₃微米材料的形貌与结构。结果表明，在烧结温度1 200 ℃时所获高岭土多孔基板的孔径尺寸在45 μm左右，显气孔率为32.71%，体积密度为1.48 g/cm³，抗弯强度为15.08 MPa。在该多孔基板上所制备的In₂O₃产物呈梳状结构，梳齿直径和长度分别在1~10 μm和20~80 μm范围内，梳柄长度约为1 mm，结晶良好。对In₂O₃微米梳的气敏检测结果表明：In₂O₃微米梳对NO₂气体具有良好的选择性、可逆性和重复性；其对浓度为0.001%的NO₂气体的灵敏度随着工作温度的升高呈先升高后降低的趋势，响应时间和恢复时间随之减少，且在最佳工作温度200 ℃时达到最大值，为44.4，此时的响应时间和恢复时间分别为21 s和106 s；In₂O₃微米梳对NO₂气体的灵敏度随着NO₂浓度的增加而增加，两者之间呈线性相关，响应时间随着NO₂浓度的增加而缩短，恢复时间则随之增长。     

Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9纳米晶软磁粉体的制备工艺与微波电磁性能

研究热处理工艺、材料粒度对Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9材料微波电磁性能的影响,对该类材料的微波电磁性能和吸波性能进行测试。结果表明:热处理工艺对材料的微波电磁性能产生较大的影响,达到晶化条件的热处理工艺有利于提高材料的电磁性能;随着材料粒度的减小,微波电磁性能提高,电磁参数之间的匹配性提高;Ⅴ级粒度材料的最低反射率达到-12 dB,低于-5 dB的频宽达12.5 GHz。     

水性工业涂料废液的处理研究

采用混凝-生物接触氧化-芬顿高级氧化组合工艺对水性涂料废液进行处理研究.重点考察了该工艺对涂料废液COD、氨氮和SS的去除效果.结果表明,pH升高对涂料废液中的SS、COD有去除效果并且能够避免混凝时发生板结,当pH为10时,COD由148 000 mg/L降至46 000 mg/L,SS质量浓度由18 500 mg/...     

新、旧世界国家葡萄酒氧稳定同位素时空分布特征研究进展

氧稳定同位素是葡萄酒真实性检测的重要指标之一,其比值在自然因素(葡萄品种、地理环境、气候条件)和人为因素(栽培管理、酿酒工艺)影响下,在不同产地显示出不同时空分布特征。欧盟等旧世界国家已率先建立葡萄酒水中氧稳定同位素的测定方法及数据库,并将其应用于葡萄酒真实性检测中。然而,国内外在葡萄酒氧稳定同位素时空分布特征方面的研究较少,尚未形成统一数据平台,难以实现数据共享。本文总结了新世界(中国、美国、澳大利亚、智利等)和旧世界(西班牙、法国、意大利、奥地利等)国家葡萄酒中水的氧稳定同位素数据分布及鉴别应用,概述了影响该比值的因素,并阐述了目前存在问题和今后发展方向,目的在于明确氧稳定同位素比值在世界主要酿酒国家的分布特征,为我国建立葡萄酒氧同位素数据库及真伪鉴别提供数据支持。     

A yeast surface display platform for plant hormone receptors: Toward directed evolution of new biosensors

Small-molecule biosensors have major applications in biotechnology and medicine but remain difficult to engineer. Plant hormone receptors represent an attractive platform for engineering such biosensors because their chemically induced dimerization architectures naturally decouple small-molecule sensing and sensor actuation. Rapid biosensor engineering will require quantitative high-throughput screening methods. Here we develop a yeast surface display (YSD) platform for the PYR1/HAB1 abscisic acid sensor of Arabidopsis thaliana. We extensively optimized PYR1 surface display, HAB1 purification, and binding reaction conditions. Our system reproduces previous results with wild-type and engineered receptors, and a mathematical analysis of the PYR1/HAB1 system allows us to infer all binding constants. Critically, we find that a previously engineered PYR1 receptor with altered ligand specificity binds HAB1 with identical affinity, suggesting that substantial reengineering of the PYR1 binding pocket does not compromise sensor actuation. This YSD platform for A. thaliana PYR1/HAB1 will facilitate future biosensor engineering efforts.     

High molecular weight poly(butylene terephthalate-co-butylene 2,5-furan dicarboxylate) copolyesters: From synthesis to thermomechanical and barrier properties

Poly(butylene terephthalate-co-butylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) copolyesters (PBTFs) were synthesized from 1,4-butanediol, dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) by a two-step polymerization method. Their chemical structures were confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance before thermal properties were explored with differential scanning calorimeter and thermogravimetric analyzer. Results showed that PBTFs changed from semi-crystalline to completely amorphous when the content of FDCA unit was increased to 45 mol% at first, and then became crystallographic again with the further increment of FDCA unit to 75 mol%. For their mechanical properties, the tensile modulus and strength showed the similar trend, decreasing firstly and then increasing later. Their barrier to carbon dioxide and oxygen became better with the increasing of furan content due to the rigidity and higher polarity of furan ring. The performance of PBTFs copolyesters was investigated clearly, and the relative content of FDCA and DMT can be adjusted to satisfy different performance requirements.     

Dynamic Stabilization of DNA Assembly by Using Pyrrole-Imidazole Polyamide

We used N-methylpyrrole (Py)-N-methylimidazole-(Im) polyamide as an exogenous agent to modulate the formation of DNA assemblies at specific double-stranded sequences. The concept was demonstrated on the hybridization chain reaction that forms linear DNA. Through a series of melting curve analyses, we demonstrated that the binding of Py−Im polyamide positively influenced both the HCR initiation and elongation steps. In particular, Py−Im polyamide was found to drastically stabilize the DNA duplex such that its thermal stability approached that of an equivalent hairpin structure. Also, the polyamide served as an anchor between hairpin pairs in the HCR assembly, thus improving the originally weak interstrand stability. We hope that these proof-of-concept results can inspire future use of Py−Im polyamide as a molecular tool to modulate the formation of DNA assemblies.     

两性霉素B补料分批发酵工艺优化

为大幅提高产两性霉素B菌株的发酵产抗水平,对外源性短链脂肪酸类前体物质及其添加时机、添加量进行优化,得到了两性霉素B补料分批发酵工艺,即在产两性霉素B菌株发酵培养24～56 h左右,一次性补入2～4 g·L~(-1)(以发酵液总量计)的丙酸钠。该工艺解决了两性霉素B生物合成途径中内酯环形成的关键性因素,大幅提高了产两性霉素B菌株的发酵产抗水平。经15 t生产罐验证,最终实现了连续3批平均放罐效价达10 977μg·mL~(-1)的发酵产抗水平,与采用原发酵工艺的生产罐批相比,放罐效价提高了39.4%。