Optimum design of cyclone separator

Cyclone separators are one of the most widely used gas-solid separators. Although the optimal design of cyclone separators has been suggested earlier, the earlier works do not include all the critical parameters responsible for minimizing the pressure drop which is quite decisive to obtain a correct optimal design. In this article, the optimal design of the cyclone separator has been formulated as a geometric programming with a single degree of difficulty. The solution of the problem yields the optimum values of the number of cyclones to be used in parallel, and the inside diameter of cyclone shell and exit pipe, when a specified flow rate of gas is to be separated from solid particles, when the cut diameter is already specified. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009     

On the ideal convergence of sequences of fuzzy numbers

In this paper we introduce and study the concepts of I-convergence, I^∗-convergence and I-Cauchy sequence for sequences of fuzzy numbers where I denotes the ideal of subsets of N, the set of positive integers.     

Multi-objective semi-supervised clustering of tissue samples for cancer diagnosis

In the domain of bioinformatics, the clustering of gene expression profiles of different tissue samples over different experimental conditions has gained importance with the invention of micro-array based technology. This study also has some impact on cancer diagnosis. The proper classification of cancer tissue samples generated using the micro-array technology helps in detecting cancers in an automated way. In the current paper we have developed a semi-supervised clustering technique for proper partitioning of these gene expression data sets. Semi-supervised clustering is a combination of unsupervised and supervised classification techniques. It uses some amount of supervised information and a large collection of unsupervised data. Here a multi-objective based semi-supervised clustering technique is developed for solving the cancer tissue classification problem. Different combinations of objective functions are used. As the supervised information we assume that class labels of 10 % data are available. The proposed technique is evaluated for three open source benchmark cancer data sets (brain tumor data set, adult malignancy and small round blood cell tumors). Two classification quality measures, viz., Adjusted Rand Index and Classification Accuracy are used to measure the goodness of the obtained partitionings. Obtained results are compared with several state-of-the-art clustering techniques. Moreover, significant gene markers have been identified and demonstrated visually from the clustering solutions obtained.     

Nachweis der Sicherheit gegen Aufschwimmen bei Baugruben mit verankerten Betonsohlen

Design against uplift of excavation walls with anchored bottom slabs. The following contribution was initiated by discussions in the working group 2.1 “Piles” about the design against uplift of excavation walls with anchored concrete bottom slabs. One of the main questions is the transfer of lateral forces into the slab and their distribution within the slab. As normally the slabs are not reinforced, only in the case of relatively narrow and thick constructions the lateral forces can be uniformly distributed. For relatively large and thin slabs it is convenient to distinguish between the central part of the slab, where the uplift forces can only be ballanced by the weight of the slab and the anchor forces, and the boundary strip, where lateral forces can be taken into account. The contribution considers the latest issue of DIN 1054. All essential questions are discussed in detail and illustrated by an example.     

Synthesis of ribbon type carbon nanostructure using LiFePO4 catalyst and their electrochemical performance

Ribbon type of carbon nanostructure has been synthesized by chemical vapor deposition using a new catalyst (LiFePO₄) introduced for the first time and its electrochemical behavior has been determined from charge/discharge characteristics. The synthesized material characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and by Raman spectroscopy confirms the graphitic structure and ribbon type morphology of material. The performance of the single cell using purified carbon nanoribbon as the anode has been studied and the reversible lithium intercalation capacity has been found about 345 mAh/g, of which 335 mAh/g remain after 14th cycle. The columbic efficiency has been stabilized at approximately 98% from the 5th cycle.