Properties and mechanisms of fast-setting calcium phosphate cements

The setting time of a calcium phosphate cement consisting of tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) and dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) was reduced from 30 to 5 min by use of a cement liquid that contained a phosphate concentration of 0.25 mol/l or higher. The diametral tensile strength and conversion of the cement ingredients to hydroxyapatite (OHAp) during the first 3 h were also significantly increased by the phosphate. However, the phosphate produced no significant effects on the properties of the 24-h cement samples. Results from additional experiments in a slurry system verified that the high phosphate concentration in the solution accelerated the formation of OHAp in the TTCP + DCPA system, and this reaction could explain the fast-setting properties of the cements.Certain commercial materials and equipment are identified in this paper to specify the experimental procedure. In no instance does such identification imply recommendation or endorsement by the American Dental Association or National Institute of Standards and Technology or that the materials or equipment identified is necessarily the best available for the purpose.     

Model Reference Adaptive System Against Rotor Resistance Variation in Induction Motor Drive

The paper deals with a compensation method of the rotor-resistance variation in induction motor drives using high-performance slip-frequency control. Our proposed method is based on a discrete-type model reference adaptive system (MRAS), and it is implemented in an 8086 microprocessor. When an induction motor is driven by a controlled current source, the system sensitivity to the rotor resistance variation is increased. In the MRAS, the value of the rotor resistance is estimated and the slip-frequency gain is adjusted. Experimental and numerical results show that even if the value of the rotor resistance varies from its nominal value, the secondary flux level is maintained constant by using this compensation method. These results point out the validity of our proposed method.     

Ramp‐setup design technique in three‐electrode surface‐discharge ACPDPs

Abstract— A simple model to calculate changes in wall voltage during weak discharge in three‐electrode ACPDPs was developed. A change in the wall voltage vector has an intrinsic direction for each discharge, which not only reveals the basis of problems in the ramp setup but also simplifies the analysis of cell operation during setup. New ramp‐setup waveforms designed for this model widened the operating margin.     

Heat pump characteristics of sodium carbonate dehydration/hydration system

A chemical heat pump using dehydration of sodium carbonate decahydrate for generating cold heat is proposed as a method contributing to the load leveling of electricity. Experiments on the dehydration of decahydrate in a packed bed reactor showed the generation of cold heat with sufficiently low temperature. The heat pump characteristics measured were simulated by use of dehydration kinetics of a single particle. Improvement of the heat-transfer rate in the bed is a key factor for creating an efficient system.     

Olfactory discrimination of mouse strains (Mus musculus) and major histocompatibility types by humans (Homo sapiens).

Examined, in 5 experiments, whether the olfactory differences apparent to mice are also accessible to humans, using a total of 63 human Ss. In Exp I, Ss were asked to distinguish between the whole-body odors of live mice differing genetically only at the major histocompatibility gene complex (H-2). In Exps II and III, the odor source was mouse fecal pellets, and in Exps IV and V, the odor source was mouse urine. Results reveal that humans can use olfaction to discriminate closely related strains of mice. The possibility that excreted metabolites with characteristic odors may have predated the evolution of an adaptive function for these odors in social communication is suggested. (22 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Polyaddition between 2-alkenyl-2-oxazoline and N-acetyl-L-cysteine

Summary Polyaddition between 2-isopropenyl(or 2-vinyl)-2-oxazoline and N-acetyl-L-cysteine gave an optically active poly(amide-thioether-ester). This polymerization proceeds via a conjugate addition followed by the subsequent ring-opening addition reaction. No racemization of the original chiral center was observed during the polymerization. However, the asymmetric induction to the prochiral center of isopropenyl-2-oxazoline hardly occurred.     

粉-粒喷动床的基础与应用

开发的粉-粒喷动床是一种新型喷动床.介绍了粉-粒喷动床的特性以及在多种单元操作和化学反应过程中的应用,如,干燥、细粉制备、燃煤烟气脱硫和同时脱除工业/城市垃圾燃烧发电废气中的二氧化硫和氯化氢气体等.     

Heat-transfer characteristics in a rocking fluidized bed

Aiming at the development of coal-fired fluidized boiler for marine use, characteristics of fluidization at pitching or rolling states were studied. A two-dimensional fluidized bed with a cross section of 100 × 5 cm was set on a rocking stand and swung sinusoidally. It was found that the rocking causes both the formation of dead zones in the bed and the vigorous fluctuation of heat-transfer coefficients at the surface of water tubes.