Printed microinductors on flexible substrates for power applications

A low-profile microinductor was fabricated on a copper-clad polyimide substrate where the current carrying coils were patterned from the existing metallization layer and the magnetic core was printed using a magnetic ceramic-polymer composite material. Highly loaded ferrite-polymer composite materials were formulated, yielding adherent films with 4/spl pi/M/sub s//spl ap/3900 G at +5000 Oe applied DC field. These composite magnetic films combine many of the superior properties of high temperature ceramic magnetic materials with the inherent processibility of polymer thick films. Processing temperatures for the printed films were between 100/spl deg/C and 130/spl deg/C, facilitating integration with a wide range of substrates and components. The quality factor of the microinductor was found to peak at Q=18.5 near 10 MHz, within the optimal frequency range for power applications. A flat, nearly frequency independent inductance of 1.33 /spl mu/H was measured throughout this frequency range for a 5 mm/spl times/5 mm component, with a DC resistance of 2.6 /spl Omega/ and a resonant frequency of 124 MHz. The combination of printed ceramic composites with organic/polymer substrates enables new methods for embedding passive components and ultimately the integration of high Q inductors with standard integrated circuits for low profile power electronics.     

OR-Modelle zur Planung flexibler Fertigungssysteme Ein Überblick

Zusammenfassung In diesem Beitrag wird ein Überblic über die Probleme vermittelt, die sich bei der Konfiguration und dem Betrieb eines flexiblen Fertigungssystems stellen. Die zur Behandlung der wichtigsten Problemtypen verfügbaren Modellierungsansätze werden systematisch beschrieben und auf ihren möglichen Einsatz zur Entscheidungsunterstützung für die betriebliche Praxis hin untersucht.     

Allergic fungal sinusitis in the southeastern USA: involvement of a new agent Epicoccum nigrum Ehrenb. ex Schlecht. 1824

The purpose of this study is to find the correlation between middle latency auditory evoked potentials (MLAEP) and sound activated single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies. This study was performed on six normal right-handed volunteers with a mean age of 35.2 +/- 7.6 years, using the split-dose technique. First, a SPECT study was performed on subjects in blinded, awake and silent states. After bilateral ears were stimulated with a click sound, MLAEP and a second SPECT study were performed. Subtraction of the first SPECT from the second SPECT revealed a statistically significant increase of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the bilateral superior temporal region. Bilateral Na amplitudes of MLAEP had a statistically significant and good correlation with the percentages of CBF changes in the bilateral superior temporal region. The superior temporal cerebral blood flow activation can be expressed by electrophysiological activation. Moreover, correlation during the left Na components and left frontal and occipital lobe are discussed.     

Human lymphocyte cDNA ordered library analyzed by 2D gel electrophoresis. 1. Pooling strategy and matching of gel patterns

beta-Citryl-L-glutamate-hydrolysing enzyme (beta-CGHE) was purified from rat testis particulate fraction 13,000-fold, at a yield of 7%. The enzyme was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, hydroxyapatite, chelating Sepharose, beta-CG-Sepharose affinity chromatography and Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration. The purified enzyme usually migrated as two periodic acid Schiff's-stained bands on native polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresis (PAGE) with molecular weights of 350 and 420 kDa. Both bands hydrolyzed beta-citryl-L-glutamate (beta-CG) to citrate and glutamate. The 420 kDa band was changed by digestion with N-glycosidase F, into a 350 kDa band on native PAGE. The purified enzyme was composed of 90, 100, 115 and 130 kDa subunits on SDS-PAGE under non-reduced conditions. The purified enzyme was pharmacologically similar to the beta-CGHE activity partially purified from rat testis. This enzyme required manganese ions for full activity and it was strongly inhibited by nucleotides such as ATP or GTP and phosphate ions. beta-CGHE was also potently inhibited by an excitatory amino acid agonist, L-quisqualate, but not by another agonists, N-methyl-D-aspartate and kinate. It had high substrate specificity for beta-CG. The antibodies against the purified enzyme reacted mainly to the 115 kDa band on the SDS-PAGE and precipitated the enzyme activity from the crude and purified enzyme solution.     

Radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies

Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) are biologically engineered proteins designed to bind to antigens emanating from tumor cells. Selected radioactive isotopes are fused with MoAbs to allow radioimmunodetection of external imaging of metastatic deposits in patients with colon cancer. For the past 10 years, radiolabeled MoAbs have improved tumor localization techniques and influenced the clinical management of surgical patients. Intraoperatively, surgeons use appropriately shielded, handheld, gamma detection probes to locate radiolabeled MoAbs and corresponding colon cancers (ie, residual, recurrent tumors). Using gamma detection probes intraoperatively, surgeons can localize nonpalpable occult tumors and disease not suspected from external antibody scans or other traditional diagnostic methods. This success confirms the need for complete tumor resections, thorough scanning of entire tumor beds, and ex vivo scanning of surgical specimens to assess for potential nodal metastases.     

Structural and optical properties of Co-doped ZnS nanoparticles synthesized by a capping agent

Cobalt-doped Zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanoparticles were prepared by a simple chemical method using alkyl hydroxyl ethyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (YH) as capping agent. The structural and optical properties of prepared cobalt-doped ZnS nanoparticles have been characterized. X-ray diffraction patterns and transmission electron microscope images reveal pure cubic ZnS phase with size of about 5–2 nm for all cobalt-doped ZnS nanoparticles. The lattice constant of the samples decreases slightly by the introduction of Co²⁺ The absorption edge of the ZnS:Co²⁺ nanoparticles is blue-shifted as compared with that of bulk ZnS, indicating the quantum confinement effect. The photoluminescence emission band exhibits a blue shift for Co-doped ZnS nanoparticles as compared to the ZnS nanoparticles.     

Capabilities for Dielectric-Constant Gas Thermometry in a Special Large-Volume Liquid-Bath Thermostat

Dielectric-constant gas thermometry is being further developed at PTB to measure thermodynamic temperature and the Boltzmann constant at the triple point of water. For this purpose, a huge liquid-bath thermostat with a liquid volume of about 800 L has been built to provide a suitable thermal environment in the central working volume (diameter 0.5 m, height 0.65 m), in which the vacuum chamber containing the measuring system is placed. Measurements of the temperature field in the working volume have been performed with and without the chamber using a mesh of 12 platinum resistance thermometers at appropriate positions. The results verify that the temperature inhomogeneity in the bath is well below 1 mK as necessary. The uncertainty of the temperature measurement inside the measuring system must be of the order of 0.1 mK. Its thermal conditions have been, therefore, investigated in detail, too. Special emphasis was given to the thermalization after temperature changes.