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排序方式: 共有704条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
This study examined the relationship between smile type and play type during parent–infant interactions in the home. Thirty-six mother–infant and father–infant dyads were videotaped playing for 10 min. Smile type (basic, Duchenne, and duplay smiles) and play type (object, physical, vocal, and book reading) were coded. Results of loglinear analysis indicated that different types of smiles occur during different types of play more often than expected if distributed equally. In addition, different smile-type and play-type patterns occurred for father–infant dyads compared with mother–infant dyads. Qualitative analyses were used to generate hypotheses about the reasons why different types of smiles occurred during various play activities. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
92.
Saakvitne Karen W.; Pratt Anne C.; Pearlman Laurie Anne 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,52(9):997a
Presents the authors' views of the debate on false memory syndrome in light of the article by K. S. Pope (see record 83-37387). The authors highlight the need to move the debate from the political realm to the scientific realm, and to apply the standards of scientific inquiry and integrity to all claims made by those who would have their message conveyed with the validating stamp of "science," including the False Memory Syndrome Foundation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
93.
Greenwald Anthony G.; Banaji Mahzarin R.; Rudman Laurie A.; Farnham Shelly D.; Nosek Brian A.; Mellott Deborah S. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2002,109(1):3
This theoretical integration of social psychology's main cognitive and affective constructs was shaped by 3 influences: (a) recent widespread interest in automatic and implicit cognition, (b) development of the Implicit Association Test (IAT; A. G. Greenwald, D. E. McGhee, & J. L. K. Schwartz, 1998), and (c) social psychology's consistency theories of the 1950s, especially F. Heider's (1958) balance theory. The balanced identity design is introduced as a method to test correlational predictions of the theory. Data obtained with this method revealed that predicted consistency patterns were strongly apparent in the data for implicit (IAT) measures but not in those for parallel explicit (self-report) measures, Two additional not-yet-tested predictions of the theory are described. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
94.
Effect of grain-boundary crystallization on the high-temperature strength of silicon nitride 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Laurie A. Pierce Diane M. Mieskowski William A. Sanders 《Journal of Materials Science》1986,21(4):1345-1348
Si3N4 specimens having the composition 88.7 wt% Si3N4-4.9wt% SiO2-6.4wt% Y2O3 (85.1 mol% Si3N4-11.1 mol% SiO2-3.8mol% Y2O3) were sintered at 2140° C under 25 atm N2 for 1 h and then subjected to a 5 h anneal at 1500° C. Crystallization of an amorphous grainboundary phase resulted in the formation of Y2Si2O7. The short-time 1370° C strength of this material was compared with that of material of the same composition having no annealing treatment. No change in strength was noted. This is attributed to the refractory nature of the yttrium-rich grain-boundary phase (apparently identical in both glassy and crystalline phases) and the subsequent domination of the failure process by common processing flaws.Chemical analysis of the medium indicated 5.25 wt% O2, 0.46 wt% C, 0.8 wt% Al, and expressed in p.p.m. 670 Ca, 30 Cu, 2000 Fe, <2 Ti, 370 Cr, 130 Mg, 90 Mn, <10 V, <20 Zr, 2000 Mo, 240 Ni, 130 Zn, <30 Pb, <60 Sn. 相似文献
95.
Explicates 4 metatheoretical dimensions of therapist controllingness and uses them to compare a range of individual and family therapies. These dimensions are (1) overt controllingness, (2) protection of knowledge, (3) participation in decision making, and (4) directness/indirectness of intervention. The analysis reveals substantive differences between family therapies with regard to controllingness and shows that on some dimensions certain individual therapies are more controlling than family therapies. Ethical and clinical implications of controllingness (or lack of it) are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
96.
We evaluated the hypothesis that mnemonic training would result in higher memory self-efficacy and better memory performance in young and old adults. Forty-eight young adults (17- to 19-year-olds) and 45 old adults (60- to 78-year-olds) received either training in the method of loci or no training and were given either performance feedback or no feedback on a serial-word recall task. Ss were tested at pre- and posttraining and were asked to rate their self-efficacy strength (SEST) and self-efficacy level (SEL) at each test session. Young adults recalled more than old adults and had higher self-efficacy scores. Training with feedback improved recall performance in both age groups but failed to increase SEST or SEL. When SEL scores were used to derive a measure of prediction inaccuracy, no age differences were observed. We conclude that efficacy expectations and attributions for memory performance may influence mnemonic training outcomes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
97.
Chassin Laurie; Presson Clark C.; Todd Michael; Rose Jennifer S.; Sherman Steven J. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,34(6):1189
A longitudinal multigenerational design was used to examine the intergenerational transmission of smoking and the correlated transmission of parental support and control. Whether maternal socialization of adolescent smoking (both general parenting practices and smoking-specific strategies) would predict adolescent smoking both directly and indirectly by affecting peer affiliations was tested. There was strong evidence for the intergenerational transmission of cigarette smoking and for the relation between peer smoking and adolescent smoking. Both general parenting practices and smoking-specific discussion and punishment were significantly related to adolescents' smoking, especially for adolescent-reported parenting. Support for the intergenerational transmission of parenting practices emerged only in mothers' reports of support. Results suggest expanding current peer-focused prevention efforts to include parental socialization strategies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
98.
Little is currently known about the significance of parents' unequal treatment of siblings and their relationships with their children; for example, are high levels of differential treatment consistently indicative of poorer parent-child relationships? Associations among differential parenting practices, perceptions of the fairness of these practices, and parent-child relationship quality were assessed from the perspectives of adolescent siblings and their parents in 74 maritally intact families. Multilevel random coefficient modeling revealed that the magnitude of differential treatment was associated with more negative parent-child relationships only when adolescents perceived differential treatment to be unfair. Differential treatment judged to be fair is not linked with negative parent-child relationships. Results highlight the importance of examining all family members' viewpoints about the legitimacy of differential treatment and of encouraging family members to discuss their understanding of these events. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
99.
Power Thomas J.; Eiraldi Ricardo B.; Clarke Angela T.; Mazzuca Laurie B.; Krain Amy L. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2005,20(2):187
Approximately 10% of children and adolescents have mental health problems necessitating intervention, but well below 50% of these children receive needed services, and far fewer receive the quality of care required to effectively reduce their impairments. Although system reform is needed to improve service utilization and quality of care for all children, preschoolers, girls, individuals of minority status, and the uninsured are most at risk for being underserved. Factors contributing to poor service utilization can be classified into two broad sets: sociopolitical factors referring to issues related to funding and access, and cultural/familial factors including beliefs about mental health services, providers, and treatments. This article describes the help-seeking process and focuses on cultural and familial factors that contribute to movement through these stages, with a particular focus on variables that are amenable to change by practitioners in the school and community, including school psychologists. Guidelines for understanding and changing the help-seeking behavior of families, including suggestions for creating service options, providing family education, and offering individualized family services, are described. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
100.
D Laurie AJ Mason NH Piggott FJ Rowell J Seviour D Strachan JD Tyson 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,121(7):951-954
A relatively simple ELISA technique was developed for the detection of a range of benzodiazepines (BZs) in urine. The assay employs a mouse anti-oxazepam antibody that is highly specific for the BZs. The limit of detection using 10 microliters samples of urine was 0.3 microgram ml-1 oxazepam. N-Desmethyldiazepam showed equal cross-reactivity to oxazepam, 11 BZs cross-reacted weakly and flurazepam and chlordiazepoxide did not cross-react at levels reported to be found in urine. No cross-reactivity was observed with drugs of abuse and a range of therapeutic drugs commonly found in urine. The assay was used as a screen to detect the presence of BZs in urine from 88 addicts that had been screened by the EMIT technique and a radioreceptor assay (RRA) for BZs. The ELISA produced two false negatives that were EMIT and RRA positive whereas the EMIT produced four different false negatives that were positive by both ELISA and RRA. Thirty-three positives were common to all three assays. The ELISA was also used to monitor nitrazepam-like activity in the urine of a greyhound receiving 5 mg oral medication and the results were compared with those obtained by RRA. Both assays were able to detect nitrazepam-like activity for up to 10 h post-administration. 相似文献