Oxidative coupling of methane on silver catalysts

Bulk silver catalysts were found to be active for the oxidative coupling of methane to ethane and ethylene if operated under oxygen-limited conditions at atmospheric pressure and at temperatures above 1020 K. The addition of small amounts of sodium phosphate as promoter increases markedly the C₂ selectivity (to values above 90%) and yield (>10%) by efficient suppression of reaction steps leading to total oxidation. Further improvement of the yields might be achieved by more appropriate reactor design.     

Pozzolanic properties of reject fly ash in blended cement pastes

Low-grade fly ash (reject fly ash, r-FA), a significant portion of the pulverized fuel ash (PFA) produced from coal-fired power plants and rejected from the ash classifying process, has remained unused due to its high carbon content and large particle size. But it may be used in certain areas, such as in solidification and stabilization processes of hazardous waste and materials for road base or subbase construction, which require relatively lower strength and reactivity. It is therefore necessary to extend research on the properties of r-FA and explore its possible applications. This paper presents experimental results of a study on the mechanical and hydration properties of cementitious materials prepared by blending r-FA with ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Parallel mixes were also prepared with the good ash [i.e., classified fine fly ash (f-FA)] for comparison. Selective chemical activators were added to the mix to study the effects of the activators on the properties of the blend system. The results show that r-FA generally has a lower rate of hydration than f-FA particularly at the early stage of hydration. Adding Ca(OH)₂ alone almost had no effect on accelerating the hydration of r-FA. But adding a small quantity of Na₂SO₄ or K₂SO₄ together with Ca(OH)₂ significantly accelerated the hydration reaction. The results of the compressive strength measurement correlated nicely with the degree of hydration results. It was also found that water-to-binder ratio (w/b) was an important factor in affecting the strength development and the hydration degree of r-FA pastes.     

Modification of silica gel,cellulose, and polyurethane with a sterically hindered N‐halamine moiety to produce antimicrobial activity

The sterically hindered amine monomer 4‐[3‐triethoxysilylpropoxyl]‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine has been synthesized and covalently bonded to the surfaces of silica gel particles and cellulose (cotton) and copolymerized in a polyurethane coating formulation. Upon exposure to dilute sodium hypochlorite (household bleach), a very stable N‐Cl bond is formed in situ at the hindered amine nitrogen site. This source of oxidative chlorine provides an antimicrobial function to the silica gel, cotton, and polyurethane. Stability, regenerability, and biocidal efficacy data are presented. The new N‐halamine materials were remarkably effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O157 : H7 in brief periods of contact. The materials should find application in water treatment and medical applications. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

水基光敏树脂的合成

以还氧树脂、丙烯酸、马来酸酐为原料 ,研究了原料投料比、反应温度、催化剂、溶剂等因素对合成水基光敏树脂性能的影响。当丙烯酸酸当量 /还氧当量 =1 0 0∶1 0 5,马来酸酐酸酐当量 /还氧当量 =1 0 0∶1 0 5,催化剂用四甲基氯化铵 ,酸改性溶剂为丙酮 ,反应温度为 80± 2℃ ,反应时间为 2 5h情况下 ,合成的水基光敏树脂水溶性较好 ,以其配制的水性涂料 ,含水在 1 0 %～ 2 0 % (质量分数 )时 ,涂料的涂布性能好 ,固化速度快 (2～ 3s)。     

PP／LDPE共混物熔体流动特性的研究

将两种熔融流动指数（ＭＦＩ）相差大的聚丙烯（ＰＰ）分别与一低密度聚乙烯（ＬＤＰＥ）进行共混，用熔体流动速率仪测定其流动特性。发现ＭＦＩ值高的ＰＰ，当共混比ＰＰ／ＬＤＰＥ为５０／５０时，其熔体流动速率（ＭＦＲ）为最大，本文对此作了初步的分析和讨论。     

70500系列调节阀在大型尿素装置中的应用

介绍Ｍａｓｏｎｅｉｌａｎ公司生产的７０５００系列调节阀的结构，特点，并阐述部分调节阀在使用中存在的问题及改进措施。     

A new combined computational and NMR-spectroscopical strategy for the identification of additional conformational constraints of the bound ligand in an aprotic solvent

This study documents the feasibility of switching to an aprotic medium in sugar receptor research. The solvent change offers additional insights into mechanistic details of receptor--carbohydrate ligand interactions. If a receptor retained binding capacity in an aprotic medium, solvent-exchangeable protons of the ligand would not undergo transfer and could act as additional sensors, thus improving the level of reliability in conformational analysis. To probe this possibility, we first focused on hevein, the smallest lectin found in nature. The NMR-spectroscopic measurements verified complexation, albeit with progressively reduced affinity by more than 1.5 orders of magnitude, in mixtures of up to 50% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Since hevein lacks the compact beta-strand arrangement of other sugar receptors, such a structural motif may confer enhanced resistance to solvent exchange. Two settings of solid-phase activity assays proved this assumption for three types of alpha- and/or beta-galactoside-binding proteins, that is, a human immunoglobulin G (IgG) subfraction, the mistletoe lectin, and a member of the galectin family of animal lectins. Computer-assisted calculations and NMR experiments also revealed no conspicuous impact of the solvent on the conformational properties of the tested ligands. To define all possible nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) contacts in a certain conformation and to predict involvement of exchangeable protons, we established a new screening protocol applicable during a given molecular dynamics (MD) trajectory and calculated population densities of distinct contacts. Experimentally, transferred NOE (tr-NOE) experiments with IgG molecules and the disaccharide Gal'alpha1-3Galbeta1-R in DMSO as solvent disclosed that such an additional crosspeak, that is, Gal'OH2--GalOH4, was even detectable for the bound ligand under conditions in which spin diffusion effects are suppressed. Further measurements with the plant lectin and galectins confirmed line broadening of ligand signals and gave access to characteristic crosspeaks in the aprotic solvent and its mixtures with water. Our combined biochemical, computational, and NMR-spectroscopical strategy is expected to contribute notably to the precise elucidation of the geometry of ligands bound to compactly folded sugar receptors and of the role of water molecules in protein--ligand (carbohydrate) recognition, with relevance to areas beyond the glycosciences.     

声波清灰在水泥库防粘附上的应用研究

正0前言水泥行业成品库结块问题由来已久,以前的清理方式是在结块非常严重后,由人工来完成。但是伴随健康、环保、安全方面的要求越来越严格,如何能够做到无人显得尤为重要。主流的机械清库设备清理需要在水泥库停用后进行操作,而且清理周期动辄三四个月,影响较大,另外清理到最后还是     

低温养护条件下粉煤灰混凝土早期强度研究

低温（0～10℃）养护条件下，粉煤灰细度、掺量，早强剂和矿渣对粉煤灰混凝土早期力学性能的影响。超细粉煤灰较Ⅱ级粉煤灰更能提高混凝土低温下的早期强度，早强剂和矿渣的加入也有助于混凝土早期强度的提高，而采用矿渣磨细粉与超细粉煤灰双掺的办法不仅可以比较有效地提高混凝土的早期强度，还能改善混凝土的和易性。     

NR/SBR混炼胶挤出流动中自然收敛角的计算

考察了ＮＲ／ＳＢＲ共混胎面胶在毛细管挤出流动中的末端效应、基于以前的工作［１］提出了粘弹性流体自然收敛半角方程，并估算了试样在挤出条件下的人口自然收敛角（２α０）。结果表明，２α０值随着温度的升高而有所增大．随着剪切速率的增加而减小。