地震记录信噪比的定量估算

定量分析地震记录的信噪比,能更有效地进行高分辨率地震勘探,并为地层岩性和构造解释提供高分辨率、高信噪比的优质剖面。在假设噪音为随机白噪的前提下,使用相关分析法和统计平均分析法定量地估算(其中考虑了动校正和静校正不准确及界面非水平的情况)地震记录的信噪比。文章还用理论模型对这两种方法进行了验证,表明这两种方法在几种不同信噪比的条件下,其估算值与理论值比较吻合     

Nonuniform sampling for random signals bandlimited in the linear canonical transform domain

Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing - In this paper, we mainly investigate the nonuniform sampling for random signals which are bandlimited in the linear canonical transform (LCT)...     

A Distributed Node Localization Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

A distributed node localization scheme for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is presented in this paper, and it includes three generic phases: (1) determine node-beacon distances, (2) compute node positions, and (3) refine the positions. Different from previous researches, we propose an algorithm combination Min–max + LI for the position derivation and SD method for the refinement in our scheme. Simulation shows that our proposed scheme can perform more robust than some representative distributed node localization schemes presented in previous researches in terms of the trade-off among accuracy, coverage, computation cost, and communication overhead.     

Enhanced DNA Sequencing Performance Through Edge‐Hydrogenation of Graphene Electrodes

The use of graphene electrodes with hydrogenated edges for solid‐state nanopore‐based DNA sequencing is proposed, and molecular dynamics simulations in conjunction with electronic transport calculations are performed to explore the potential merits of this idea. The results of the investigation show that, compared to the unhydrogenated system, edge‐hydrogenated graphene electrodes facilitate the temporary formation of H‐bonds with suitable atomic sites in the translocating DNA molecule. As a consequence, the average conductivity is drastically raised by about 3 orders of magnitude while exhibiting significantly reduced statistical variance. Furthermore, the effect of the distance between opposing electrodes is investigated and two regimes identified: for narrow electrode separation, the mere hindrance due to the presence of protruding hydrogen atoms in the nanopore is deemed more important, while for wider electrode separation, the formation of H‐bonds becomes the dominant effect. Based on these findings, it is concluded that hydrogenation of graphene electrode edges represents a promising approach to reduce the translocation speed of DNA through the nanopore and substantially improve the accuracy of the measurement process for whole‐genome sequencing.     

成因与演化信息约束的辫状河储层地质建模——以委内瑞拉奥里诺科重油带M区块为例

委内瑞拉奥里诺科重油带位于全球规模最大的重油富集区,地质储量丰富,开采潜力大。但是,由于该区主要产油层段是以砂质辫状河类型为主的河流相沉积,具有平面相变快、纵向上砂体叠置的特点,储层内部非均质性强,严重制约了后续的产量接替和开发方案实施。为此,以M区块Oficina组下部为例,根据岩心、测井、地震响应等特征,共识别和划分出复合心滩坝、辫状河道沉积、废弃河道沉积、残余洪泛泥岩沉积四种主要成因单元;在沉积模式的指导下,提取地层切片,分析成因单元的演化过程;将这些信息转化为控制地质建模的概率体,以水平井和直井识别结果为硬数据,建立由成因与演化信息约束的地质模型。将该模型用于开发井设计,使水平井油层钻遇率提高至95%以上,表明方法应用效果良好。     

Video Shot Boundary Detection in MPEG Compressed Sequences Using SVM Learning

A number of automated video shot boundary detection methods for indexing a videosequence to facilitate browsing and retrieval have been proposed in recent years.Among these methods,the dissolve shot boundary isn't accurately detected because it involves the camera operation and objectmovement.In this paper,a method based on support vector machine (SVM) is proposed to detect thedissolve shot boundary in MPEG compressed sequence.The problem of detection between the dissolveshot boundary and other boundaries is considered as two-class classification in our method.Featuresfrom the compressed sequences are directly extracted without decoding them,and the optimal classboundary between two classes are learned from training data by using SVM.Experiments,whichcompare various classification methods,show that using proposed method encourages performance ofvideo shot boundary detection.     

An FDTD algorithm with perfectly matched layers for generaldispersive media

A three-dimensional (3-D) finite difference time domain (FDTD) algorithm with perfectly matched layer (PML) absorbing boundary condition (ABC) is presented for general inhomogeneous, dispersive, conductive media. The modified time-domain Maxwell's equations for dispersive media are expressed in terms of coordinate-stretching variables. We extend the recursive convolution (RC) and piecewise linear recursive convolution (PLRC) approaches to arbitrary dispersive media in a more general form. The algorithm is tested for homogeneous and inhomogeneous media with three typical kinds of dispersive media, i.e., Lorentz medium, unmagnetized plasma, and Debye medium. Excellent agreement between the FDTD results and analytical solutions is obtained for all testing cases with both RC and PLRC approaches. We demonstrate the applications of the algorithm with several examples in subsurface radar detection of mine-like objects, cylinders, and spheres buried in a dispersive half-space and the mapping of a curved interface. Because of their generality, the algorithm and computer program can be used to model biological materials, artificial dielectrics, optical materials, and other dispersive media     

X波段GaN五位数字移相器MMIC的设计

采用0.5μm GaN HEMT工艺设计了X波段五位数字移相器的单片微波集成电路(MMIC),描述了移相器的设计过程,并进行了版图电磁仿真。该移相器采用高低通滤波器型网络和加载线型结构。利用电路匹配技术设计移相器电路的开关结构,将GaN器件的插入损耗从14 dB降至1 dB。版图仿真结果表明,在9.2 GHz~10.2 GHz频带范围内,均方根移相误差小于3.5°,插入损耗典型值为17.4 dB,回波损耗小于-12 dB,版图尺寸为5.0 mm×4.7 mm。     

The hybrid extended Born approximation and CG-FFT method forelectromagnetic induction problems

The authors propose the hybridization of the extended Born approximation (EBA) with the conjugate-gradient fast Fourier transform (CG-FFT) method to improve the efficiency of numerical solution of electromagnetic induction problems. This combination improves the solution efficiency in two ways. First, using the FFT in the extended Born approximation decreases the computational cost of the conventional EBA method from O(N²) to O(N log₂ N) arithmetic operations, where N is the number of unknowns in the problem. This approach, referred to as the FFT-EBA method, applies to problems with a fairly large contrast. Secondly, using the EBA as a partial preconditioner for the CG-FFT method increases the convergence speed of the conventional CG-FFT method. This second approach, referred to as the EBA-CGFFT method, is in principle applicable to all problems with a homogeneous background, but is particularly efficient for problems with a higher contrast. Numerical experiments suggest that the combination of these two methods is more accurate and more efficient for electromagnetic induction problems     

CPM信号相干解调的神经网络方法研究

本文研究连续相位调制信号相干解调的神经网络方法，提出了基于判决反馈预处理和变换域特征提取的射基函数网络解调方案。通过判决反馈预处理可以有效地减少网络输入信号样本个数，使其具有更好的可分性。利用高采样率下ＣＰＭ信号的相关性，引入变换域的处理方法可以大幅度地降低网络输入信号和样本空间维数。采用射基函数网络作为判决分类器，不仅可以逼近最大似然解调性能，而且无需加噪训练。模拟结果表明：本文提出的方案在降低训练及实现复杂度的同时具有接近最优的误比特性能