光纤氢气传感技术（特邀）

光纤氢气传感器采用光纤作为传光或者传感的介质,基于氢敏材料的相关理化特性实现氢气检测,具有本质安全、稳定性好、体积小、质量轻和易组网等优良特性,是目前氢气传感和光纤传感领域的研究热点。文中首先介绍了典型氢敏材料的作用机理及特点,然后依据氢敏材料的调制机理,综述了几类典型的光纤氢气传感技术及基于受激拉曼增益或色散的新型光纤氢气传感技术,最后从传感器关键工艺及环境适应性方面分析了目前光纤氢气传感器实用化需要解决的问题,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

Kernel-based adversarial attacks and defenses on support vector classification

While malicious samples are widely found in many application fields of machine learning, suitable countermeasures have been investigated in the field of adversarial machine learning. Due to the importance and popularity of Support Vector Machines (SVMs), we first describe the evasion attack against SVM classification and then propose a defense strategy in this paper. The evasion attack utilizes the classification surface of SVM to iteratively find the minimal perturbations that mislead the nonlinear classifier. Specially, we propose what is called a vulnerability function to measure the vulnerability of the SVM classifiers. Utilizing this vulnerability function, we put forward an effective defense strategy based on the kernel optimization of SVMs with Gaussian kernel against the evasion attack. Our defense method is verified to be very effective on the benchmark datasets, and the SVM classifier becomes more robust after using our kernel optimization scheme.     

Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer with fixed and adaptive modulation

Activating Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) in Radio-Frequency (RF) to provide on-demand energy supply to widely deployed Internet of Everything devices is a key to the next-generation energy self-sustainable 6G network. However, Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) in the same RF bands is challenging. The majority of previous studies compared SWIPT performance to Gaussian signaling with an infinite alphabet, which is impossible to implement in any realistic communication system. In contrast, we study the SWIPT system in a well-known Nakagami-m wireless fading channel using practical modulation techniques with finite alphabet. The attainable rate-energy-reliability tradeoff and the corresponding rationale are revealed for fixed modulation schemes. Furthermore, an adaptive modulation-based transceiver is provided for further expanding the attainable rate-energy-reliability region based on various SWIPT performances of different modulation schemes. The modulation switching thresholds and transmit power allocation at the SWIPT transmitter and the power splitting ratios at the SWIPT receiver are jointly optimized to maximize the attainable spectrum efficiency of wireless information transfer while satisfying the WPT requirement and the instantaneous and average BER constraints. Numerical results demonstrate the SWIPT performance of various fixed modulation schemes in different fading conditions. The advantage of the adaptive modulation-based SWIPT transceiver is validated.     

激光供能无人机接收端的光伏阵列重构方案

激光供能无人机是以激光作为能量载体,对无人机进行实时无线能量传输,提升无人机续航时间。由于激光束能量分布不均匀,导致光伏接收器效率低下。为提高接收器转换效率,针对全交叉连接结构优化问题,提出一种基于最小均衡差的重构方案。首先对激光高斯分布情况进行数学建模,获取光伏电池单体的辐照度。然后利用最小均衡差原则对全交叉连接结构进行优化,并对各种连接结构进行仿真。仿真结果表明：阵列重构后具有更高的输出功率、转换效率和填充因子,更低的功率损耗,且相较于重构前最大输出功率分别提升了29.13%、32.25%。     

移动源排放遥测主要影响因素分析及预测

由于移动源污染遥感监测受到复杂外部环境影响,难以通过传统统计方法建立车辆行驶工况与污染排放之间的相关性模型,为此开展了基于移动源遥感监测的影响因素分析及排放预测的研究。首先利用Spearman相关性分析排除与移动源污染物主要排放气体CO、HC、NO气体浓度无相关性的因素;其次使用Lasso算法确定各成分的关键影响因子,并采用神经网络构建污染物排放预测模型;最后在测试集上验证该模型用于移动源污染排放主要成分预测的有效性。模型预测的结果表明,基于特征筛选的移动源污染排放数据预测神经网络模型具有较高的预测精度,可以降低城市移动源污染排放检测成本并为相关部门制定相关政策提供数据支持。     

大规模MPLS网络中的新兴技术

随着网络规模越来越大,选择一个完善的网络管理框架并有效降低标签需求量对于MPLS网络而言显得十分重要。为此,探讨了基于策略的MPLS管理以及Trainet等近年来出现的大规模MPLS网络新兴技术,并与现有相关技术进行了比较。     

修正离散Chirp-Fourier变换及其在SAR 运动目标检测中的应用

离散Chirp-Fourier变换(DCFT)是最新提出的一种检测线性调频信号的有力技术,但它对信号的采样点数和信号参数有着近乎苛刻的约束条件,限制了它的工程应用.本文对DCFT的定义进行了修正,它不附带任何约束条件,是一种优越而又实用的线性调频信号检测技术.本文将其用于机载合成孔径雷达(SAR)运动目标检测当中,取得了良好的效果.此外,本文又提出了基于CLEAN思想的检测技术,与修正DCFT相结合,可以有效地检测出被强目标掩盖的弱目标,具有很大的实用价值.仿真的结果验证了算法的有效性.     

基于小生境技术的多样性抗体生成算法

新的入侵方法以及网络计算环境的不断变化,使得入侵越来越难以防范.因此应用人体免疫机制构建下一代入侵检测系统成为一个新的研究热点.本文采用一种新的抗原－抗体编码方法,并在此基础上,提出一种基于共享函数的小生境遗传算法,用来产生多样性的抗体基因,最后给出多样性评价函数以验证算法的有效性.实验结果表明:该算法能够使抗体在演化过程中保持较好的多样性.     

新形势下电气工程及其自动化专业人才培养模式与知识体系框架

在分析了当前高等教育培养基本模式的基础上，根据科学技术和社会经济发展的要求，提出了人才培养的模式和要求。特别针对电气工程及其自动化领域的发展趋势以及对人才的需求，提出了该专业人才的知识框架体系。     

局域网视频广播接收器的设计

描述了一个局域网视频广播接收器的设计。发送端以计算机按UDP/IP的方式向局域网中发送视频广播，在接收端利用FPGA器件设计的接收器对广播进行接收、缓冲、格式转换，以电视作为显示终端，并介绍了在FPGA器件中所设计的各个模块。