心肌细胞电位传感器在海洋生物毒素检测中的研究

目前海洋毒素对人类健康的威胁越加严重,尤其是麻痹性毒素。提出了一种基于细胞电位传感器检测贝类的生物毒性的新方法,采用心肌细胞与微电子加工技术的微阵列芯片（MEA）相结合,构建了新型的心肌细胞电位传感器。通过心肌细胞与MEA芯片的紧密耦合,实现了实时监测心肌细胞电位的变化,输出稳定和一致性好的胞外场电位信号。通过检测海洋中危害较大的石房蛤麻痹性毒素（STX）,分析细胞的信号特征参数,实验结果表明,STX毒素对心肌细胞的电生理活动有明显的抑制作用,对脉冲幅值和脉冲频率有明显的浓度依赖性抑制作用。常规标准的生物毒性检测方法小鼠生物法的检出限为40 g/100 g,而心肌细胞电位传感器可检测的下限为1.004 ng/mL,检测范围为25 nmol/L~1600 nmol/L,通过对比表明该方法具有较好的检出限且检测方法相对简单,易于规范化和标准化。通过进一步的完善,该方法在海洋毒素的快速检测应用方面具有良好的发展前景。     

一种针对LSB匹配隐写的负载定位新算法

针对最不重要比特位(Least significant bit, LSB)匹配隐写算法,本文提出了一种新的负载定位算法。将隐写负载定位看作二分类问题,将载密图像每个像素位置看作待分类样本,通过提取载密图像集中每个像素位置在8个方向上的相邻像素差分平方均值特征,利用支持向量机(Support vector machine,SVM)分类器,将每个像素位置划分到正确的类别——负载位置或非负载位置。本文从理论和实验两方面验证了所提分类特征的有效性。针对LSB匹配隐写,本文方法与最大后验概率(Maximum a posteriori, MAP)载体估计方法做出比较,在低嵌入率条件下,本文方法的定位性能有明显提高。     

鲁棒主成分分析的运动目标检测综述

目的 运动目标检测在许多计算机视觉任务中发挥了重要的作用。背景建模是运动目标检测中传统而又常用的方法。然而,许多背景建模方法是基于像素点的,对背景方面的考虑过于简单,难于处理真实视频。最近,将基于低秩和稀疏分解的鲁棒主成分分析应用于运动目标检测成为计算机视觉领域内的研究热点。为使更多国内外运动目标检测的研究者对鲁棒主成分分析方法进行探索和应用,本文对其进行系统综述。方法 融入最新研究进展,基于误差抑制、贝叶斯理论、时间和空间信息、多特征和多因素耦合,对各种国内外的鲁棒主成分分析模型进行归纳,并理论分析其优缺点。结果 本文采用变化检测数据集（change detection dataset）中不同场景的视频序列来对不同算法进行对比实验。从实验结果可知,属于第3类方法的DECOLOR 的检测效果优于其他算法,在均值对比中得到的召回率、精确率和F-measure分别为0.7、0.706和0.66。总体来说,当前改进算法都能有效地弥补最初鲁棒主成分分析方法的缺陷,提高了运动目标检测的精度。结论 鲁棒主成分分析在运动目标检测上取得了较多的研究与应用成果,在智能视频监控应用领域拥有广阔的应用前景。但是,其仍需针对鲁棒主成分分析存在的一些局限性进行深入的研究。融入前景运动目标在视频中的先验知识是基于鲁棒主成分分析的运动目标检测的发展趋势。     

基于决策树的大学生科研活动与毕业走向的关联研究

本科生的科研活动越来越得到教育研究者的重视,然而,研究者很少关注学生科研活动与毕业走向之间的关联问题。为了探究本科生参与科研情况对其未来发展的影响,从学生毕业走向切入,挖掘影响学生未来毕业去向的重要因素。以北京市某师范高校计算机相关专业的2009级的所有学生的科研情况与毕业走向作为数据主要来源,以Weka作为模型建立和评估的辅助工具,采用J48决策树分类,进行十折交叉验证,建立了基于学生科研活动的毕业走向预测模型,并通过对模型进行验证评估,证明了模型预测准确率良好。研究结果表明,学生参与竞赛的数量、专业、作为项目负责人的项目数量、参与教学类项目的数量对学生的未来走向有着重要影响。     

电力无线通信异构多网共存环境中的网络选择算法

综合考虑电力业务需求和无线专网性能因素,针对邻域网、LTE无线专网、WiMAX无线专网和230 MHz无线专网等构成的异构多网混合共存场景,提出一种网络选择算法。该算法以AHPTOPSIS算法为基础,首先构建能表征候选网络与决策属性之间关系的决策矩阵,归一化处理获得归一化决策矩阵;利用AHP算法,依据不同业务类型下决策属性与网络性能之间的相对关系定义权重,对归一化决策矩阵加权获得加权归一化决策矩阵;然后对TOPSIS算法进行改进,依据加权归一化决策矩阵确定正负理想值,利用正理想值与候选网络之间的最小距离以及负理想值与候选网络之间的最大距离确定理想网络,计算各候选网络与理想网络之间的有效距离;据此执行候选网络排序和最佳网络选择,以避免运行TOPSIS算法可能存在的排序异常。仿真结果表明,该算法能根据电力业务需求对候选网络进行正确排序和最优选择,且能在满足业务服务质量的同时,提高资源利用率。     

基于模糊控制的低能耗分簇协议

能耗是影响无线传感器网络生命周期的关键,具有低能耗的无线传感器网络是业界所期望的。现有的几个网络分簇协议能在一定程度上解决和改善网络能耗问题。如LEACH协议能在一定程度上延长网络生命周期,但网络环境的可变性以及实际环境中有诸多不可估计的因素,LEACH协议就没考虑当前节点剩余能量和节点分布情况等问题。提出的基于模糊控制的低能耗分簇协议LECP-FC能较好地解决环境可变等不可估计的问题,在簇头选取的过程中着重考虑了能量、节点度、节点中心度、距离、侦听密度等因子。经过网络结构配置和仿真,其结果表明网络工作效率得到很大程度上的提高。     

An adaptive generation method for electrophoretic display driving waveform design

Electrophoretic display (EPD) technology is attractive when used for reading devices such as e‐paper because of its paper‐like appearance. EPD driving is more complex than other display technologies such as liquid crystal display or organic light emission diode because the driving result of a pixel strongly depends on the initial display state. The particle size and distribution in the EPD film may vary, even if the initial state is the same. Therefore, the display devices vary between different manufacturing batches. Furthermore, different display modes such as videos, pictures or documents need different driving waveforms to achieve an optimal result. EPD manufacturers need to build a customized driving waveform for every manufacturing batch. This is very inconvenient if new applications on EPD are to be developed. And the workload is huge. In this work, an adaptive method is described for automatically creating EPD driving waveforms to fit different conditions. The central idea of this method is generally adjusting the driving time and the voltage state after getting the feedback from a measurement model. In this method, a new driving waveform is used to reduce refresh time and visual flicker. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can automatically and adaptively generate an EPD driving waveform with reasonable quality.     

Re-ranking for microblog retrieval via multiple graph model

As a new information sharing platform, microblog has got explosive growth in recent years and has become an important source for public opinion mining. A variety of information like the reviews of brands/products or the trends of events can be socially sensed from such kind of data. However, it is still a challenging task to search relevant microblogs as the user generated content tends to be mixed with noise. Besides short text, image is getting popular in microblogs due to its power in visual information conveying. In this paper, we leverage textual and visual cues integratedly and propose a general re-ranking approach for microblog retrieval via multi-graph semi-supervised learning. We argue that the different types of information in microblogs correspond to different relationships among microblogs and each type of the relationship can be represented as a similarity graph. We then integrate different graphs into a unified framework and solve them simultaneously for microblog re-ranking. Extensive experiments on a recently published Brand-Social-Net dataset showed the effectiveness of the proposed method and marginal improvements have been achieved in accuracy as compared to the single graph model based method.     

The design and test of dual/triple‐mode bandpass filter based on temporal coupled‐mode theory

In this article, the design and test of both a K‐band dual‐mode bandpass filter (BPF) pair and a K‐band triple‐mode BPF are presented based on N‐mode temporal coupled‐mode theory (CMT). The expressions of transmission and reflection responses are analytically derived. All the parameters in the expressions have clear physical meanings and are easily optimized to reach the required filter performance. Aided by eigenmode simulations, concrete structures of the three integrated BPFs are designed and optimized to approach the calculated physical parameters. After the fabrications and measurements of the three BPFs, extended upper/lower stopband with high stopband rejections are achieved, and by increasing the number of resonant modes, improved frequency selectivity and better passband flatness are obtained. The analytical analysis well predicts the simulation and measurement results, which provides an efficient way for BPF designs. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 26:609–622, 2016.