Guaranteed cost distributed fuzzy observer‐based control for a class of nonlinear spatially distributed processes

The guaranteed cost distributed fuzzy (GCDF) observer‐based control design is proposed for a class of nonlinear spatially distributed processes described by first‐order hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs). Initially, a T–S fuzzy hyperbolic PDE model is proposed to accurately represent the nonlinear PDE system. Then, based on the fuzzy PDE model, the GCDF observer‐based control design is developed in terms of a set of space‐dependent linear matrix inequalities. In the proposed control scheme, a distributed fuzzy observer is used to estimate the state of the PDE system. The designed fuzzy controller can not only ensure the exponential stability of the closed‐loop PDE system but also provide an upper bound of quadratic cost function. Moreover, a suboptimal fuzzy control design is addressed in the sense of minimizing an upper bound of the cost function. The finite difference method in space and the existing linear matrix inequality optimization techniques are used to approximately solve the suboptimal control design problem. Finally, the proposed design method is applied to the control of a nonisothermal plug‐flow reactor. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 2366–2378, 2013     

复合材料与工程专业实践教学体系的构建与实施简

专业实践教学是高等教育的重要组成部分,对于培养学生创新意识、创新精神和创新能力具有不可替代的作用。加强实践教学改革,必须要建立相对独立的实践教学体系。我们从专业实践教学体系的构建原则和运行保障出发,梳理复合材料与工程专业实践教学的理论和实践研究,并根据大学生创新实践能力的内涵要求,构建了以创新和实践能力培养为目标的高校一体化实践教学体系。     

The cytotoxicity evaluation of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on human aortic endothelial cells

One major obstacle for successful application of nanoparticles in medicine is its potential nanotoxicity on the environment and human health. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity effect of dimercaptosuccinic acid-coated iron oxide (DMSA-Fe₂O₃) using cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Our results showed that DMSA-Fe₂O₃ in the culture medium could be absorbed into HAECs, and dispersed in the cytoplasm. The cytotoxicity effect of DMSA-Fe₂O₃ on HAECs was dose-dependent, and the concentrations no more than 0.02 mg/ml had little toxic effect which were revealed by tetrazolium dye assay. Meanwhile, the cell injury biomarker, lactate dehydrogenase, was not significantly higher than that from control cells (without DMSA-Fe₂O₃). However, the endocrine function for endothelin-1 and prostacyclin I-2, as well as the urea transporter function, was altered even without obvious evidence of cell injury in this context. We also showed by real-time PCR analysis that DMSA-Fe₂O₃ exposure resulted in differential effects on the expressions of pro- and anti-apoptosis genes of HAECs. Meanwhile, it was noted that DMSA-Fe₂O₃ exposure could activate the expression of genes related to oxidative stress and adhesion molecules, which suggested that inflammatory response might be evoked. Moreover, we demonstrated by in vitro endothelial tube formation that even a small amount of DMSA-Fe₂O₃ (0.01 and 0.02 mg/ml) could inhibit angiogenesis by the HAECs. Altogether, these results indicate that DMSA-Fe₂O₃ have some cytotoxicity that may cause side effects on normal endothelial cells.     

食品安全呼唤物联网技术的运用和普及

《食品安全法》实施以来,食品安全事件依旧层出不穷,建立食品追溯系统需要物联网技术的运用和普及,以期实现对食品生产、加工、运输、包装、储存等方面质量问题的监管,理论上实现对食品从农田到餐桌的全面监控。     

压电导电型聚合物基减振复合材料研究进展

为了解决传统高聚物减振复合材料的减振效果对温度的依赖性很大这个问题,根据压电导电原理研制了一种新型减振复合材料－压电导电型减振复合材料。本文概述了压电导电型减振复合材料的研究进展情况,归纳其优缺点,并预测其发展趋势和应用前景。     

一种混合改性水泥砂浆的抗流动酸腐蚀性能

为既显著提高砂浆／砼的耐腐蚀性,又降低改性成本,首先提出以硅酸钠（俗称钠水玻璃）为主,聚合物乳液为辅,对水泥砂浆进行混合改性的思路,并配制了混合改性砂浆。为使实验室模拟更接近工程实际,进行了混合改性砂浆,聚合物乳液改性砂浆,硅酸钠改性砂浆和普通砂流动酸腐蚀质量损失对比实验,观察和测试了各种硝浆试件腐蚀前后的微观结构和化学成分,讨论了改性效果,结果表明,混合改性有效地改善了微观结构,使混合改性砂浆的抗流动酸腐蚀性能显著高于几种对比砂浆,且价格低廉。     

MES——流程工业CIMS发展的关键

生产执行（Manufacturing Execution System,MES)是CIMS信息集成的中心环节,是流程工业CIMS发展的关键。首先介绍了MES的一般功能模型及其与CIMS的关系,进而基于流程工业特点对流程工业MES的体系结构和功能模块进行了探讨,并分析了相应的关键技术。     

固态配料和硝酸盐共沉淀配料制备Bi(Pb)—Sr—Ca—Cu—O系高温超导相的工艺比较

用固态配料和硝酸盐共沉淀配料制备了各组份为(Bi_(1.85)Pb_(0.40))Sr_(1.95)Ca_(2.05)Cu_(8.10)的超导材料,研究了两种不同制备工艺对Bi系超导相形成过程、超导电磁性能和显微结构的影响.实验发现,由共沉淀制备的样品T_(c(zero))稳定性好,T_(c(zero))均在107.5K以上.SEM观察表明:共沉淀法制备的样品中超导相颗粒比固态配料制备的要细小、均匀,颗粒间连结紧密,与T_(c(zero))结果相符.但XRD相分析结果显示:固态配料样品中高温相含量高于共沉淀配料,共沉淀配料制备作品中高、低温相同时存在,但其交流磁化率—温度曲线上仅在120K附近出现相应于高温相的抗磁信号.研究认为,这是由于共沉淀配料烧成时,高温相容易在部分液相参与下,在低温相表面通过反应成核生长,导致在形成的高温相内部包裹有残余低温相的“内芯”.依此包裹模型可自洽地解释X射线相分析与电、磁性能测定结果间的矛盾,讨论了Bi系高温相的形成机理,为选择合理的制备工艺提供了依据.     

不同温度下促释材料活化磷矿粉效果的研究

采用连续水浸提、盆栽试验,研究不同温度下两种促释材料活化的磷矿粉磷素动态释放特性及肥效。结果表明：（1）与磷矿粉相比,促释磷矿粉连续浸提水溶性磷累积量显著提高;提高幅度最大的是经加温处理的WZ促释磷矿粉,较未加温处理提高了42．95％,是磷矿粉的2．13倍。表明活化磷矿粉经加温处理能明显促进磷矿粉水溶性磷的释放。（2）促释磷矿粉肥效显著优于磷矿粉,WZ处理效果较佳,加温处理后肥效最佳,不亚于SP。     

LPG/柴油双燃料发动机动力性的试验研究

针对LPG／柴油双燃料发动机的动力性进行了研究。与燃用柴油相比，在相同热能消耗的情况下，掺烧液化石油气后，发动机的输出功率会增加，亦即发动机的动力性在掺气后会提高。随着掺比的增加，动力性上升，达到一定掺比时，动力性又开始下降，但仍高于燃用纯柴油时的动力性。试验结果表明，在掺比为20％～30％时，发动机的输出功率最高。