Follow-up study of maladapting school children seen by nonprofessionals.

Examined whether children, seen 2-5 yr. earlier by nonprofessional child aides for school maladaptation problems, maintained short-term gains over time. Follow-up interviews, exploring the child's subsequent educational and interpersonal career, were held with mothers of 36 such children. Both mothers and interviewers independently rated change over the intervening time period along 9 salient educational and interpersonal dimensions. Ratings of the 2 groups were in substantial agreement. Both judged significant educational and interpersonal growth to have occurred. (15 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A relationship between leader intelligence and leader rated effectiveness.

Conceptualizes intelligence as the leader's ability to integrate his experience and thus provide him with skills to deal effectively with the technical aspects of tasks and interpersonal relationships. In 4 studies, 55 sergeants in charge of field artillery sections, 55 navy petty officers, 58 unit commanders, and 52 sergeants in charge of army mess units completed the least preferred co-worker scale (LPC), a group atmosphere scale, a shortened version of the Henmon-Nelson Tests of Mental Ability, and ratings of situational favorableness on 3 dimensions (leader-member relations, task structure, and position power). Ratings of leader performance were completed by 2-3 superiors. Results indicate that the relationship between leader intelligence and performance depended on the leader's motivational style (LPC), his experience, and the leader-member relations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

THE SWEDISH HC-9 CIPHERING MACHINE

The HC-9 ciphering machine was used in Sweden after World War II. It satisfied the need for a simple key-setting process and the requirement of resistance to cryptanalysis by reduction of the risk of error when operated. The machine uses a punched card system instead of pin wheels and a drum with 16 changeable mixed alphabets which interrelated with the card reading mechanism and rotates after each letter is enciphered. The enciphering/deciphering process is described along with the machine's operating principles.     

Sufficient LMI stability conditions for Lur’e type systems governed by a control law designed on their Euler approximate model

In this paper, the stability issue of Lur’e systems governed by a control law stabilising their forward Euler approximate model is investigated. More specifically, the considered control law is obtained by exploiting the advantages of a new Lur’e type Lyapunov function with disconnected level sets. This Lyapunov function is adapted to discrete-time Lur’e systems and to the structure of the forward Euler approximate model. The main result consists of linear matrix inequality conditions allowing to guarantee that the continuous-time Lur’e system associated with the proposed digital control law is globally asymptotically stable. The relevance of this approach is illustrated using a numerical example.     

The Use of Lewis Acids During Rapid Steam Hydrolysis

Mixed hardwood chips were treated with various concentrations of aluminum chloride hexahydrate, aluminum sulfate hydrate, and ferric chloride and were subjected to rapid steam hydrolysis pretreatment (RASH). The three levels included 0.01, 0.03, and 0.05 moles of catalyst per 1000 grams of wood. Rapid steam hydrolysis (RASH) was done from 180° to 260°C at 20°C intervals for one minute. The Lewis acid catalyst affected the overall recovery yield of solids, the recovery values of the individual components, the enzymatic rates, and the methanol and water solubility. Overall recovery of pretreated solids generally decreased with the increase in levels of the catalyst. The one exception was AlCl₃ ·6H₂O where the minimum recovery levels were reached at 0.03 moles per 1000 grams of wood and increased at the higher level of catalyst. Cellulose degradation occurred in the temperature range of 250° to 260°C for the control and at the two lower concentrations of the catalyst. At the higher levels of catalyst, appreciable amounts of cellulose degradation occurred at lower temperatures. Hemicellulose solubilization and degradation were extremely sensitive to the RASH temperature and to the levels of catalyst. Almost all hemicellulose was lost at high temperatures or at high levels of catalyst. Losses of lignin appeared to be affected mainly by the RASH temperature and not by the changes in the levels of catalyst.

In contrast, both the temperature and the level of catalyst strongly affected the rates of enzymatic hydrolysis. Generally, the intermediate level of catalyst seemed to give the highest rates of enzymatic hydrolysis at the lowest temperature. Methanol and water solubles increased in the presence of the catalyst and reached a maximum at levels of 0.03 moles between 230° to 250°C.